scholarly journals Spinneret geometry modulates the mechanical properties of man-made cellulose fibers

Cellulose ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaniz Moriam ◽  
Daisuke Sawada ◽  
Kaarlo Nieminen ◽  
Yibo Ma ◽  
Marja Rissanen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Textile Industry ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Capillary Length ◽  
Entrance Angle ◽  
Synthetic Fibers ◽  
Simulation Tools ◽  
High Toughness ◽  
Spinning Process ◽  
Materials Used

AbstractThe production of cellulose-based textile fibers with high toughness is vital for extending the longevity and thus developing a sustainable textile industry by reducing the global burden of microplastics. This study presented strategies to improve fiber toughness by tuning spinneret geometries. Experimental studies were conducted by spinning with different spinneret geometries and measuring the mechanical and structural properties of the spun fibers. In addition, numerical simulation tools were used to better understand the effects of spinneret geometry. The altering parameters of the spinneret geometries were the capillary diameters D, the angle of the entry cone into the spinning capillary, and the ratio of capillary length to diameter L/D. The highest fiber toughness could be achieved at a capillary aspect ratio of 1 to 2. The obtained maximum fiber toughness was 93 MPa with a tensile strength of 60 cN/tex and a concomitant elongation of 16.5%. For these fiber properties, a 13 wt% solution of a high-purity pulp with higher viscosity in [DBNH][OAc] was spun into a 1.3 dtex fiber using a D100 spinneret with a capillary of 1:1 length/diameter and an entrance angle of 8°. It was noticeable that the microvoid orientations decreased almost linearly with increasing toughness of the fibers. The morphologies of the fibers were similar regardless of the spinneret geometries and the raw materials used in the spinning process. In summary, by modulating the spinneret geometries, Ioncell fibers obtained high toughness that have the potential to replace synthetic fibers.

scholarly journals Optimization of extraction techniques for processing and utilization of Cyperus Dichrostachus A. Rich Plant as fiber

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
BELETE BAYE Gelaw ◽  
Tamrat Tesfaye
Keyword(s):  
Textile Industry ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Energy Requirement ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
High Price ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Synthetic Fibers ◽  
Fiber Yield ◽  
Green Materials

Abstract The Textile industry is an important contributor to the GDP of countries worldwide. Both natural and synthetic fibers are the main raw materials for this sector. Environmental concerns, depletion of non-renewable resources, the high price of oil and limited oil reserves with consumer demand is driving research into cheap, biodegradable, sustainable, renewable and abundantly available green materials. Natural fibers are of the good substitute sources for swapping synthetic fibers and reinforcing polymer matrices because of their contributions in maintaining of ecology, nature of disposal, low energy requirement for processing and sustainability. The current research emphases on evaluating and determining the best extraction methods to process and treat cyperus Dichrostachus A.Rich plant in order to make the fiber suitable for variety of applications. Cyperus Dichrostachus A.Rich plant was treated with two conditions (cold and warm conditions) using statistically planned tests. Process conditions were optimised using central composite design methodology with the experimental design. Under optimised conditions, the strength and fiber yield of CDA fibers were significantly compared. The strength and fiber yield of the fiber was at maximized with optimized conditions and use for valorisation applications.

scholarly journals Medical Textiles: Application of Implantable Medical Textiles

2019 ◽  
pp. 17-24
Author(s):  
Shah Md. Maruf Hasan ◽  
Md. Shahjalal ◽  
Jaglul Hoque Mridha ◽  
A. M. Riasat Alam
Keyword(s):  
Textile Industry ◽  
Composite Structures ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Implantable Medical Devices ◽  
Medical Textiles ◽  
Surgical Suture ◽  
Medical Sector ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
2D And 3D ◽  
Day By Day

The use of textiles in the medical sector is increasing day by day. An important and emerging part of the textile industry is medical, hygiene and health care sector. Textiles are a compelling solution for implantable medical devices, primarily due to the versatility they offer in product design. Textiles are in 2D and 3D implantable forms, with configurations limited only by the imagination. The number of applications is enormous and diverse, ranging from a single thread suture to the complex composite structures for bone replacement and from the simple cleaning wipe to advanced barrier fabrics used in Operation Theater. The main object of this work is to study the types of implantable textiles used in the medical sector such as surgical suture, artificial skin, artificial ligament, and artificial cartilage. In this study, we have included different types of raw materials used and the manufacturing process of these implantable medical textiles.

scholarly journals Improvement of technology of curd products with succade from pumpkin

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (92) ◽  
pp. 47-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. B. Slyvka ◽  
O. Ya. Bilyk ◽  
O. R. Mikhailytska ◽  
V. O. Nagovska
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Optimal Dose ◽  
Technical Documentation ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Biological Value ◽  
Organoleptic Characteristics ◽  
National University ◽  
Materials Used

The purpose of the work was to improve the technology of multicomponent milk and protein products – curd products with functional and technological components – pumpkin succades, the use of which will allow to increase the biological value and stability of quality indicators of production. Succades are confectionery made from whole or sliced fruits, cooked with sugar, dried or sugar-coated or glazed. Production of succades from local cheap carotene containing raw materials, such as pumpkin, allows to expand the range of vegetable succades of domestic production. The experimental part of the work was performed at the Department of Milk and Dairy Technology of Stepan Gzhytskyi National University of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies Lviv. The research included the development of technology of succade of pumpkin and lemon balm, the choice of ways to make them at the optimum stages of the technological process, the improvement of curd mass technology, the development of their formulations, the study of the quality of the finished product. Raw materials used in the work comply with the State Standard of Ukraine and the requirements of other regulations in Ukraine. The study of a complex of indicators of the chemical composition of pumpkin succades indicates their high nutritional value. On the basis of literature and experimental studies, three variants of formulations of curd masses of high biological value have been developed. Pumpkin succades technology has been developed that has excellent organoleptic characteristics due to the preservation of color, taste of native raw materials and high nutritional value. Technology has been improved and technological parameters of curd production are described. In order to implement the developed technology in the shops for the production of new dairy products at the dairy enterprises it is not necessary to carry out the modernization or reconstruction of production. Experimental studies have determined the optimal dose of pumpkin succades, which is 50–100 kg. The basic physicochemical indices of curd products that meet the requirements of regulatory and technical documentation are investigated.

Organic cotton, lyocell and SPF: a comparative study

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 692-704 ◽  
Author(s):  
Regina A. Sanches ◽  
João Paulo Pereira Marcicano ◽  
Maria Silvia Barros de Held ◽  
Bárbara Maria Gama Guimarães ◽  
Raquel Seawright Alonso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Textile Industry ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Soybean Protein ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Knitted Fabrics ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Organic Cotton ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Materials Used

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to present a comparative study on the characteristics of knitted fabrics used in the manufacturing of apparel, which are produced from organic cotton, lyocell and soybean protein fiber (SPF). It is important for both the environment and society that textile industry continues to adopt more ecofriendly materials and furthermore, pushes to increase awareness regarding these material choices available to the consumer and the corresponding impacts of consumers’ decisions. The use of sustainable fibers may be a starting point for changing the industrial paradigm of the textile industry. Design/methodology/approach – The research presented herein analyzes the potential use of three raw materials used in the development of knitted fabrics: organic cotton, lyocell and SPF. The experimental trials, based on norms, determined the weight, pilling, rupture pressure resistance, absorption by capillarity, dimensional alteration and elasticity. The significance of the experimental results was verified through the analysis of variance, with a confidence interval of 95 percent (p=0.05) and the determination of the optimal regulation of the machine was made through an analysis of the response surface. Findings – The results indicate that each of the studied materials are suitable for textile application; however, the fabrics manufactured from soybean yarn, compared to those manufactured from organic cotton or lyocell, have a higher potential to meet the needs of the costumer. Social implications – The discussion regarding sustainability is far reaching on the ways it interacts with human life. As such, the latent need for meeting this new demand presents a unique opportunity for the development of new processes and products. In the case of the textile industry, initiatives are gradually being adopted that make the processes used by the supply chain less damaging to the environment. Clothing and fashion are highly visible elements of society, so consequently, the textile industry serves as an excellent candidate for promoting a sustainable and eco-friendly mindset. Originality/value – The incorporation of sustainable fibers can serve as a starting point for change to the industrial paradigm existing within the textile industry. To this point, this study intended to analyze the potential implementation of three raw materials – organic cotton, lyocell and SPF – in the development of knitted fabrics. The results indicated that these materials are adequate for textile applications.

A possibility of using nickel concentrate, obtained as a result of hydrometallurgical enrichment of manganese-containing raw materials, at steel alloying

2020 ◽  
Vol 76 (7) ◽  
pp. 709-715
Author(s):  
O. Yu. Kichigina
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Selective Extraction ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Nickel Iron ◽  
Nickel Recovery ◽  
Nickel Concentrate ◽  
Steel Alloying ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Comprehensive Processing

At production of stainless steel expensive alloying elements, containing nickel, are used. To decrease the steel cost, substitution of nickel during steel alloying process by its oxides is an actual task. Results of analysis of thermodynamic and experimental studies of nickel reducing from its oxide presented, as well as methods of nickel oxide obtaining at manganese bearing complex raw materials enrichment and practice of its application during steel alloying. Technology of comprehensive processing of complex manganese-containing raw materials considered, including leaching and selective extraction out of the solution valuable components: manganese, nickel, iron, cobalt and copper. Based on theoretical and experiment studies, a possibility of substitution of metal nickel by concentrates, obtained as a result of hydrometallurgical enrichment, was confirmed. Optimal technological parameters, ensuring high degree of nickel recovery out of the initial raw materials were determined. It was established, that for direct steel alloying it is reasonable to add into the charge pellets, consisting of nickel concentrate and coke fines, that enables to reach the through nickel recovery at a level of 90%. The proposed method of alloying steel by nickel gives a possibility to decrease considerably steel cost at the expense of application of nickel concentrate, obtained out of tails of hydrometallurgical enrichment of manganese-bearing raw materials, which is much cheaper comparing with the metal nickel.

SIFAT MEKANIK PAPAN GYPSUM DARI SERBUK LIMBAH KAYU NON KOMERSIAL

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Saibatul Hamdi
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Wood Particle ◽  
Quality Standards ◽  
Gypsum Board ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Wood Particles ◽  
Sawn Timber ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Artocarpus Elasticus ◽  
Ficus Glomerata

The purpose of this research is to know the mechanical strength of gypsum board by utilizing waste sawn wood. Raw materials used consist of flour, gypsum,wood particles, boraks and kambang (Goniothalamus sp), wood tarap (Artocarpus elasticus REINW) and lua (Ficus glomerata ROXB). Wood particle 40 mesh and 60 mesh, concentrations boraks of 1 and 2 and the percentage particles of gypsum sawn timber is 300, 400 and 500%. The results showed that the average value Modulus of Rufture (MoR) in lua wood ranges from 12.55 – 14,47 kgcm2, wood kambang 25.10-31,11 kgcm2 and wood tarap 19.20- 24,18 kgcm2. As for Modulus of Elasticity (MoE) on the lua 1129,80- 2092,70 kgcm2, wood kambang 2512,37-3971,32 kgcm2 and tarap 2050,63-2691,09 kgcm2. Gypsum board are mechanical properties do not meet quality standards created SNI 03-6434-2000.Keywords: sawdust, lua, kambang, tarap, gypsum, mechanical

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF BIOACTIVE SUBSTANCES CONTENT IN THE LEAVES AND FRUITS OF A ROWAN-TREE (SORBUS AUCUPARIA FRUCTUS) AND ASSESSMENT OF PROSPECTS IN MEDICINE AND PHARMACY

2020 ◽  
pp. 58-62
Author(s):  
Chernichkina A.D.
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Bioactive Substances ◽  
Plant Raw Materials ◽  
Mountain Ash ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Active Substances ◽  
Pectin Substances

A large number of biologically active substances, organic acids, tannins, and pectin substances were detected during the study of fruits, leaves, and pulp of the fruits of mountain Ash. The content of these substances in leaves and pulp will significantly expand the arsenal of medicinal plant raw materials used. Given the wide distribution of mountain Ash in the territory of the Russian Federation, harvesting leaves from the same plants after harvesting the fruit and using pulp will make it possible to obtain new phytopreparations.

Mutual Influence Study of Food Acids and Polysaccharides of Different Nature on the Sensory Perception of Low-Calorie Sweet Dishes

Food Industry ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-78
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Minnikhanova ◽  
Nataliya Zavorokhina ◽  
Anna Gilina
Keyword(s):  
Mutual Influence ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Sucrose Solution ◽  
Complex Mixture ◽  
The Body ◽  
Sensory Characteristics ◽  
Apple Pectin ◽  
Low Calorie ◽  
Functional Reserves ◽  
Materials Used

Abstract The inclusion of polysaccharide thickeners in the recipes of sweet dishes increases the functional reserves of the body, contributes to the preservation of health and the prevention of diseases. The purpose of the research is to study the sensory characteristics of polysaccharides of various nature when combined with food acids, to develop a recipe for a basic mixture of low-calorie meals for public catering. The authors analyzed citric, lactic and succinic acids in combinations with polysaccharides of various nature. Organoleptic tests were evaluated by a touch panel. The organization of the tasting analysis corresponded to GOST ISO 6658-2016; the consistency was determined according to GOST 31986-2012, GOST ISO 11036-2017, GOST ISO 8588-2011. The optimal organoleptic combinations of the presented food acids and complex additives of sweeteners (CDP) were identified, which included aspartame, sodium saccharinate, Sucralose, sweetness coefficient – 340: the mixture with citric acid had a long pleasant aftertaste without foreign tastes and the best taste characteristics. Using the “A-not A” method, we found that the sample with the addition of CDP is identical to the sucrose solution. In the second part of the study, polysaccharides were added to model samples of acids with complex sweeteners; the best sensory characteristics were obtained by model samples consisting of a mixture of low-esterified Apple pectin with lactic acid and KDP. The technology of obtaining a stable elastic jelly using low-esterified Apple pectin has been developed, since the complex mixture of sweeteners and food acids does not have a dehydrating effect. Developed a dry mix recipe that can serve as a basic development, low-calorie sweet products for catering and has a variance of use of lactic and succinic acids, depending on the flavor characteristics of the raw materials used and its corrective ability.

DAMPAK SUBSITUSI IMPORT TERHADAP DEFISIT NERACA PERDAGANGAN: STUDI KASUS IMPOR KULIT INDONESIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan Yulianto ◽  
Ario Seno Nugroho
Keyword(s):  
General Equilibrium ◽  
Foreign Exchange ◽  
Computable General Equilibrium ◽  
Trade Balance ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
Leather Industry ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Net Export ◽  
Balance Deficit

An alternative strategy to reduce the trade balance deficit simultaneously to increase the net foreign exchange is the import-substitution for raw materials used to produce an export goods. This paper proposes an import substitution study on footwear products that have a dependency on imported raw materials by 70 percent, with the largest composition being leather raw materials by 67 percent. This paper analyzes the relationship between subsidies on the leather industry to leather import-substitution, multiplier effect to footwear sector, and Indonesia trade balance. Author make use of simulation the on Input-Output 2010 table and Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) Model. The simulation shows 100 billion subsidies on the leather sector, lead for the substitution-import of leather by 7,94 million rupiah, increase the net export foreign exchange by 1.1 billion rupiah of the footwear sector, and for overall, increase Indonesia trade balance deficit by 68 billion rupiah. Keywords: Computable General Equilibrium, footwear, leather, net foreign exchange, subsidy.ABSTRAK: Salah satu terobosan untuk mengurangi defisit neraca perdagangan dan meningkatkan nilai neto devisa ekspor adalah dengan substitusi impor bahan baku yang digunakan untuk memproduksi barang ekspor. Paper ini mengusulkan kajian substitusi impor pada produk alas kaki yang mempunyai ketergantungan bahan baku impornya sebesar 70 persen, dengan komposisi terbesar adalah bahan baku kulit sebesar 67 persen. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dampak stimulus subsidi pada industri kulit terhadap subtitusi impor kulit, dukungan multiplier sektor kulit terhadap sektor alas kaki, serta terhadap devisa ekspor Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan simulasi model Computable General Equilibrium (CGE). Hasil simulasi menunjukkan stimulus subsidi sebesar 100 milyar rupiah pada sektor kulit memberikan substitusi bahan baku kulit sebesar 7,94 juta rupiah, menaikkan devisa ekspor sektor alas kaki sebesar 1.1 miliar rupiah, serta secara keseluruhan menambah defisit neraca berjalan Indonesia sebesar 68 miliar rupiah. Kata kunci: alas kaki, Computable General Equilibrium (CGE), devisa ekspor, kulit, subsidi.

New surface treatment techniques to minimize copper alloy leaching in drinking water

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Norikazu Sugaya
Keyword(s):  
Surface Treatment ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Organic Film ◽  
Forming Process ◽  
Mixed Acid ◽  
Treatment Techniques ◽  
Acid Washing ◽  
Washing Process ◽  
Film Forming ◽  
Materials Used

This new surface treatment is simple and easy as well as low in cost. The processes can even be performed by hand. Pharmaceutical raw materials used for the surface treatment, such as hydrochloric acid and nitric acid used in a mixed acid washing process and vegetable oil used in an organic film forming process, are easily obtained in many countries.

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