scholarly journals Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Farmers on Pesticide Use and Their Impacts on the Environment and Human Health From Small Scale Vegetable Farming Along the Littoral of Lake Ziway, Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mekuria Mergia ◽  
Ermias Deribe Weldemariam ◽  
Ole Martin Eklo ◽  
Girma Tilahun Yimer
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Vegetable Farmers ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Vegetable Farming ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Empty Containers ◽  
Small Scale Farmers

Abstract Background: The insecure utilization and misapplication of pesticides in Ethiopia are major fears to farmers' wellbeing and the ecosystem. This study aimed to assess the level of knowledge, attitude, and practices of the small-scale vegetable farmers towards the use of pesticides in Ethiopia along the littoral of Lake Ziway. Methods: It was a cross-sectional study involving a total of 210 farmers randomly selected during pesticide application from a purposively selected irrigation-using village located in the immediate vicinity of Lake Ziway. Data were generated through structured in-depth interviews and observations on-farms. A chi-square test was applied to evaluate whether the collected data and their probable association were significant. Results: The results show that WHO class II pesticides (moderately toxic) are the most frequently used pesticides in the study area. The use of WHO classes 1a and 1b and banned or restricted pesticides such as DDT and Endosulfan were not reported. A great portion (92%) of farmers indiscriminately disposed of empty containers in the field while 86.7% apply the leftover pesticides to other crops. More than 90% of small-scale farmers did not use any personal protective equipment (PPE) when handling pesticides. About 95% of farmers had poor knowledge regarding pesticides. A significant association (p < 0.001) was observed between the knowledge of the farmers and their practices related to the pesticide. Conclusion: Generally, the Knowledge of small-scale farmers on pesticides was poor. Moreover inappropriate disposal of pesticides and its container will damage the environment. The finding of the study underlines the need to train framers concerning the safe and proper use of pesticides to prevent health and environmental hazards.

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN DAN SIKAP REMAJA TERHADAP PERILAKU MEROKOK

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 32-37
Author(s):  
Laeli Farkhah
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Behavior ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
P Value ◽  
Developmental Phase ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Self Discovery

Adolescence is a developmental phase that has a significant level of change (physical, psychological, and social) and is a phase of self-discovery (Feldman, 2003). The age of children and adolescents is the next generation of the nation that must be prepared to continue the struggle of the generation that is currently leading. However, it is estimated that 43 million Indonesian children aged 0-14 years are regularly exposed to environmental tobacco smoke in their own homes (Depkes RI, 2004). Parents who smoke in the house are certainly not only a risk factor for various diseases but also an example to be imitated by their children, especially for children who are entering the teenage phase. with adolescent smoking behavior. This study uses an analytical survey method with a cross-sectional study design with a sample of 20 teenagers. The results showed that as many as 58.3% of adolescents aged 17-21 years smoked and this was the highest percentage. Based on the chi-square test, there were 2 variables that were significantly related to smoking behavior in adolescents, namely the level of knowledge and attitudes of adolescents, which obtained a P-value of 0.005 (P-value ). Keywords: Cigarettes, Adolescents, Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behaviors 

scholarly journals Pregnancy, oral health and dental education: an overview on the northeast of Italy

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (8) ◽  
pp. 829-835
Author(s):  
Fulvia Costantinides ◽  
Erica Vettori ◽  
Martina Conte ◽  
Ingrid Tonni ◽  
Vanessa Nicolin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Oral Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Full Sample ◽  
Anova Test ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Baseline Demographic

AbstractObjectivesTo evaluate the level of knowledge of pregnant women and puerpers about oral health and prevention during and after gestation.MethodsOne hundred women aged 18–49 years (mean age 33±6 years) were included in this cross-sectional study. An anonymous questionnaire with 24 items related to oral health has been administered during or just after pregnancy. Firstly, answers have been analyzed on the full population and then subdividing the sample on the base of age ranges (G1: 18–25 years, G2: 26–35 years and G3: >35 years) and number of pregnancies (FP: first pregnancy; SP: second or more pregnancies). Parametric tests have been chosen for the statistical analysis; in particular, Anova test for independent samples was used to evaluate differences of baseline demographic characteristics among subgroups G1, G2, G3 while chi-square test was used for FP and SP subgroups. Anova test was also used to intercept differences on answers given to the questionnaire among G1, G2 and G3 group; for FP and SP group was used t-test.ResultsLevel of information and knowledge of the full sample was medium-low and no significant differences have been observed between groups regarding awareness of the own level of the oral hygiene and knowledge of oral care.ConclusionsResults of this survey underline the high necessity of educational programs regarding oral care in pregnant and puerpers women. A strict collaboration between medical figures (dentist, oral hygienist, gynecologist and obstetric) is strongly encouraged to spread the concept of prevention.

scholarly journals A study on knowledge regarding first aid among undergraduate medical students

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (7) ◽  
pp. 2555
Author(s):  
Chaitali A. Gore ◽  
Sruthi Sankar ◽  
Shabnam Sheriff ◽  
Swetha Anand ◽  
Smrithika L. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Life Support ◽  
First Aid ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Undergraduate Medical Students ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adequate Knowledge ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Level Of Knowledge

Background: Life is characterized by precarious twists and turns and risky conditions that emerge all the time. First aid is the immediate action taken to save a life and reduce the effects of injury and illness until medical help is obtained. This study aims at assessing the knowledge regarding first aid among undergraduate medical students and comparing the knowledge among different terms. Methods: A cross-sectional study was done among 150 undergraduate medical students of Vydehi Medical College, Bangalore. A questionnaire with 15 questions regarding the awareness and skills involved in first aid were used to assess the levels of awareness among undergraduate medical students. Data was entered in Microsoft Excel Sheet. Analysis was done using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 21. Data was analysed using percentages and Chi-square test. Results: A total of 150 medical students filled the questionnaire, 50 each from 5th (2nd year), 7th (3rd year) and 9th terms (4th year). The overall scores were, 43 out of 150 students had excellent knowledge, 71 out of 150 needed improvement, 35 out of 150 had adequate knowledge and only 1 out of 150 had poor knowledge about First-Aid. The association between terms and level of knowledge was found to be statistically significant. Conclusions: First Aid knowledge among medical students needs improvement. Level of knowledge improved with increasing term but this was not sufficient and more training should be given to all medical students on first aid and basic life support. 

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN IBU MELAHIRKAN DENGAN PEMBERIAN MP-ASI DI BAGIAN OBSTETRI DAN GINEKOLOGI BLU RSU PROF. DR. R. D. KANDOU MANADO

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoslianto Sarampang ◽  
Freddy W. Wagey ◽  
Maria F. Loho
Keyword(s):  
Complementary Feeding ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Nutritional Content ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Formula Milk ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Extra Food ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Level Of Knowledge

Abstract: Most mothers now breastfeed less than 6 months and more gave extra food at that age but when viewed in terms of nutritional content of breast milk is superior to the other foods that have a lot of risks that can be caused to the health of the baby. Method: This research used a descriptive analytic cross-sectional study (cross-sectional) located in the obstetrics and gynecology section childbirth Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou General Hospital Malalayang Manado in November 2012. Result: Based on the statistical test using the chi square test (p <0.05) in this study was p = 0.031 (p <0.05). Thus it is said that there is a significant relationship between the level of knowledge of mothers giving birth to the complementary feeding. Conclusion: In terms of education are mostly good (high school) we can say that there is no relationship with the mother despite knowledge of the test results obtained statistically significant value. It can be seen from the findings that most mothers who have given birth (72%) turned out to have given formula milk shortly after birth. Keywords: Knowledge, Childbirth, Complementary Feeding.   Abstrak: Kebanyakan ibu sekarang memberikan ASI tidak sampai 6 bulan dan lebih memberikan makanan tambahan pada usia tersebut padahal bila dilihat dari segi kandungan nutrisi ASI lebih unggul dari makanan pendamping yang lain sehingga memiliki banyak resiko yang bisa di timbulkan terhadap kesehatan bayi. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian deskriptif analitik dengan studi potong lintang (cross sectional) yang berlokasi di ruang nifas bagian obstetri dan ginekologi RSU Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Malalayang Manado bulan November 2012. Hasil: Berdasarkan uji statistik dengan menggunakan uji chi square (p<0,05) pada penelitian ini adalah p = 0,031(p<0,05). Dengan demikian dikatakan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara tingkat pengetahuan ibu melahirkan dengan pemberian MP-ASI.  Simpulan: Dilihat dari segi pendidikan yang kebanyakan adalah baik (SLTA) dapat dikatakan bahwa tidak ada hubungan dengan pengetahuan ibu meskipun dari hasil uji statistik diperoleh nilai yang bermakna. Hal tersebut dapat dilihat dari hasil penelitian bahwa kebanyakan ibu yang telah melahirkan (72%) ternyata telah memberikan susu formula sesaat setelah lahir. Kata kunci: Pengetahuan, Melahirkan, MP-ASI (Makanan Pendamping ASI).

scholarly journals Knowledge and practice on menstrual hygiene among adolescent girls of selected slums in Kathmandu valley

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 114-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabanam Karki ◽  
Ajay Kumar Rajbhandari ◽  
Maginsh Dahal ◽  
Prakash Shahi ◽  
Sushama Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Menstrual Hygiene ◽  
Adequate Knowledge ◽  
Income Sources ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Level Of Knowledge

Introductions: Hygiene related practices during menstruationare of considerable importance. This study assesses the existing level of knowledge on menstrual hygiene, and its compliance, among adolescent girls of selected slum areas in Kathmandu, Nepal. Methods: Descriptive cross sectional study design was applied and slums in Kathmandu district were selected conveniently as research site. Primary data were collected through interview by using structured questionnaire. The association between knowledge and practices were identified through chi square test. Results: There were282 respondents for study. Less than half 121 (42.9%) had adequate knowledge related to menstruation and its hygiene. Two-third 185(65.6%) of the participants used sanitary pads, 183 (98.9%), washed hands after pad change, 271 (96.1%) cleaned perineal area during menstruation, 227(80.5%) were aware about the myth and 61.9% followed social norms and restriction related with menstruation. Age of the participant, their education level and the income sources were found statistically significant with their level of knowledge on menstruation. Conclusions: More than half of adolescent girls of slums in Kathmandu district had inadequate knowledge regarding menstruation and two-third practiced menstrual hygiene.

scholarly journals PERILAKU REMAJA TERHADAP PENGGUNAAN ORTODONTI CEKAT PADA SISWA SMA DON BOSCO PADANG

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-45
Author(s):  
Addientya Maykeza ◽  
Rizanda Machmud ◽  
Lendrawati Lendrawati
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
School Students ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Knowledge ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Level Of Knowledge

Nowadays, the shifting of fixed orthodontic function becomes a lifestyle is more popular than before. The study is purpose to determine a relationship between teenager behaviour (knowledge, attitudes, and action) to fixed orthodontic appliance.This study using cross sectional study design. The sample was a high school students of Don Bosco Padang, Sumatera Barat. The number of samples are 90 people, that chosen by proportionate stratified random sampling technique. The data was collected by using a questionnaire to measure the level of knowledge, attitude and action. Data analysis using Chi-Square test. The result showed there was no significant relationship between teenager knowledge, attitude, and action with fixed orthodontic application in high school students of Don Bosco Padang. The conclusion from this study is that most of high school students of Don Bosco Padang have a high knowledge, positive attitude, and good action about fixed orthodontic treatment

scholarly journals Assessment of Knowledge of Gingival Disease among the Patients attending Kantipur Dental College, Kathmandu

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-26
Author(s):  
Sunita Khanal ◽  
Rosina Bhattarai ◽  
Bhageshwar Dhami ◽  
G. Nagaraja Rao ◽  
Sujita Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Tooth Loss ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Basic Knowledge ◽  
Oral Diseases ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Gingival Diseases ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Level Of Knowledge

Background: According to the National pathfinder survey of Nepal 2004, gingival disease is one of the most common oral diseases and if left untreated may lead to tooth loss. Aim: To assess the knowledge of gingival diseases among the patients attending Kantipur Dental College, Kathmandu. Materials and Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among the patients attending Kantipur Dental College. The study was conducted from July to September 2016 with a sample size of 255. A specially designed questionnaire was used for data collection and SPSS version 20 was used for data analysis. Results: Out of 255 participants, males were 127 in number and females 128. The questionnaire consisted of three domains and it was found that 67.1% had fair knowledge on basic knowledge of gingival diseases, 52.2% had fair knowledge on the etiology of disease and 52.2% had good knowledge on the treatment of gum diseases. While applying chi-square test, age and knowledge on all the three domains of disease were statistically significant whereas gender and knowledge were statistically insignificant. Conclusion: This study showed that the level of knowledge among the studied population regarding gingival diseases was fair.

scholarly journals Waterpipe smoking: prevalence and associated factors among Jazan University students, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (12) ◽  
pp. 5008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed A. Bahri ◽  
Ibrahim M. Gosadi ◽  
Mohamed S. Mahfouz ◽  
Osama B. Albasheer ◽  
Yahya H. Mawkili ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Male Student ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Campaigns ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Measured Variable ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire

Background: Waterpipe (WP) smoking exposes smokers to high levels of tobacco and toxins. This investigation is aiming to assess the prevalence of WP smoking among Jazan University students and to related influencing factors.Methods: This is a cross-sectional study. Multistage random sampling was utilized to target several colleges in Jazan University. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire where information about demographics, knowledge, attitude, and practice were collected. Chi square test and T Students test were used to assess statistical difference of measured variable among studied groups.Results: A total of 610 Jazan University students were recruited in this survey. The prevalence of students who had ever tried WP smoking (even once) was 52% and the proportion of participants who were current smokers at the time of recruitment was 34%. Being a male student, older than 21, related to health speciality and non-smoker was found to have a higher level of knowledge concerning WP smoking. A higher proportion of smokers were found to agree that WP smoking made them more attractive, agree that smoking WP is cheaper than cigarettes and agree that flavoured WP is less harmful than unflavoured WP when compared to non-smokers. Influence of gender smoking practice was apparent where most female student smokers were found to prefer to smoke with friends but not in the home or a cafe.Conclusions: The prevalence of WP smoking detected among Jazan University students was relatively high which mandates appropriate implementation of educational health campaigns with targeting influencing social determinants.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Emergency Medical Services Staff Knowledge of Basic Life Support Indicators

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Masoud Raeisi ◽  
Amin Saberinia ◽  
Ali Arhami Dolatabadi ◽  
Parvin Kashani
Keyword(s):  
Life Support ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Emergency Personnel ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Medical Emergencies ◽  
Good Improvement ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
The Relationship

Introduction: One of the most important steps to save patients is to perform resuscitation. The aim of this study was to investigate the knowledge and practice of emergency personnel in Tehran regarding the baseline level of resuscitation operations. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was performed on 200 emergency personnel working in Tehran. The level of awareness questionnaire with 45 qualifications and the base of BLS indicators was prepared and collected. Results: According to Chi-square test, there was a significant correlation between age and practical score. Also, there was a significant relationship between the ALS courses and the acquired theoretical score. Conclusion: The results of the increase in awareness of this study in relation to previous studies in Iran and especially in the region show that during the last few years, the level of knowledge of medical emergencies personnel has had good improvement, while on the other hand, although there has been improvement in the performance compared with last few years.

scholarly journals Hubungan Tingkat Pengetahuan Tentang Antibiotik dengan Sikap dan Tindakan Penggunaan Antibiotik Tanpa Resep pada Mahasiswa/i Universitas HKBP Nommensen Medan

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-42
Author(s):  
Mega Oktavia Sianturi ◽  
Henny Erina Saurmauli Ompusunggu ◽  
Djohan . .
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Resistance ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dominant Factor ◽  
Knowledge Level ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Resistance To Antibiotics ◽  
Inappropriate Use ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Level Of Knowledge

Introduction: Antibiotics are drugs that are used to prevent and treat infections caused by bacteria. Inappropriate use of antibiotics can cause various problems, such as bacterial resistance to antibiotics. One of the causes of bacterial resistance to antibiotics is the irrational in non prescription use of antibiotics. Aims: to determine the association of knowledge level about antibiotics with attitude and action level in non prescription use of antibiotics in Universitas HKBP Nommensen students. Method: There was 210 active students of Universitas HKBP Nommensen were included as respondents in this cross sectional study. The level of knowledge, attitudes and actions of respondents were measured using a questionnaire. Chi Square test was used to analyzed the association of knowledge with attitude and action of respondents. Result: There was no significant association of knowledge level about antibiotics with attitude and action level in non prescription use of antibiotics in Universitas HKBP Nommensen students (p > 0,005). Conclusion: Knowledge is not a dominant factor influencing both attitude and action in non prescription use of antibiotics. 

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