scholarly journals Lumbar Instability Induces Ligamentum Flavum Hypertrophy in a Rat Model

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baojian Wang ◽  
Chunyu Gao ◽  
Liguo Zhu ◽  
Ping Zhang ◽  
Wu Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rat Model ◽  
Ligamentum Flavum ◽  
Collagen Fibers ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Elastic Fibers ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sham Operation ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Lumbar Instability ◽  
Experimental Group

Abstract Background: The purpose of this study was to establish a novel rat model for ligamentum flavum (LF) hypertrophy using lumbar instability and to elucidate the etiology of LF hypertrophy. Methods: A total number of 30 male rats were used. Lumbar instability was induced by surgical resection of L5/6 posterior elements (n=15). The other rats underwent a sham operation (n=15). After 8 weeks, all rats were taken lateral plain X-rays. The LF from L5/6 in both groups were harvested to investigate histological, immunohistological, and real-time PCR analysis. Results: According to radiological results, the disc height ratio and extension ratio were larger in the rats in the experimental group than that of in the control group. The HE staining showed that the LF thickness in the experimental group significantly increased in comparison to the control group. The Masson trichrome staining showed that the ratio of elastic fibers to collagen fibers in experimental group was lower than that in the control group. The protein and gene expression of TGF-β1, TNF-α, IL-1β, and Col 1 were significantly higher in the experimental group than that in the control group. Conclusion: It is the first time that lumbar instability directly induced LF hypertrophy in a reproducible rat model. Lumbar instability could lead to high expression of inflammatory and fibrotic factors in LF, causing the accumulation of collagen fibers and decreasing of elastic fibers.

scholarly journals The increased motion of lumbar induces ligamentum flavum hypertrophy in a rat model

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Baojian Wang ◽  
Chunyu Gao ◽  
Ping Zhang ◽  
Wu Sun ◽  
Jingru Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rat Model ◽  
Sham Group ◽  
Ligamentum Flavum ◽  
Collagen Fibers ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Elastic Fibers ◽  
Sham Operation ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Experimental Group

Abstract Background The purpose of this study was to establish a novel rat model for ligamentum flavum (LF) hypertrophy using increased motion of lumbar and to elucidate the etiology of (LFH). Methods A total number of 30 male rats were used. The increased motion of lumbar was induced by surgical resection of L5/6 posterior elements (n = 15). The other rats underwent a sham operation (n = 15). After 8 weeks, all rats were taken lateral plain X-rays. The LF from L5/6 in both groups were harvested to investigate histological, immunohistological, and real-time PCR analysis. Results According to radiological results, the disc height ratio, flexion ratio, and extension ratio were larger in the rats in the experimental group than that of in the sham group. The HE staining showed that the LF thickness in the experimental group significantly increased in comparison to the sham group. The Masson trichrome staining showed that the ratio of elastic fibers to collagen fibers in experimental group was lower than that in the sham group. The protein and gene expression of TGF-β1, TNF-α, IL-1β, and Col 1 were significantly higher in the experimental group than that in the sham group. Conclusion A relatively safe, simple, and rapid rat model of LFH using increased motion of lumbar was established. The increased motion of lumbar could lead to high expression of inflammatory and fibrotic factors in LF, causing the accumulation of collagen fibers and decreasing of elastic fibers.

scholarly journals Bsep expression in hilar cholangiocarcinoma of rat model

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Meng-yu Zhang ◽  
Jie-ping Wang ◽  
Kai He ◽  
Xian-ming Xia
Keyword(s):  
Bile Duct ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Hilar Cholangiocarcinoma ◽  
Pathological Examination ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sham Operation ◽  
Sham Operation Group ◽  
Hilar Bile Duct ◽  
Operation Group ◽  
Experimental Group

AbstractDevelop a rat model of hilar cholangiocarcinoma for detecting bile salt export pump (Bsep) expression in hilar cholangiocarcinoma tissues, in order to provide a new therapeutic target for the gene therapy of hilar cholangiocarcinoma. Sixty male Wistar rats (body weight, 190 ± 8 g) were randomly divided into three groups (the experimental group, the control group and the sham operation group, n = 20 each) as follows: The three groups were fed a standard diet, the experimental group was injected by cholangiocarcinoma QBC939 cell suspension along the hilar bile duct into the bile duct bifurcation with microsyringe, the control group was injected by normal saline, the sham operation group did not inject anything. Every day assess the rats’ mental state, diet, and motion by using Basso–Beattie–Bresnahan and combined behavioral score. At 4 weeks, one rat of the experimental group was sacrificed after it was administered anesthesia, and we recorded changes in hilar bile duct size, texture, and form. This procedure was repeated at 6 weeks. After 6 weeks, hilar cholangiocarcinoma developed only in the experimental group, thereby establishing an experimental model for studying QBC939-induced hilar cholangiocarcinoma. Tumor formation was confirmed by pathological examination, and hilar bile duct tissues were harvested from both the groups. A real-time polymerase chain reaction assay and an immunohistochemical assay were used to analyze the expression of Bsep in hilar bile duct tissues of each group. From the second week, the rats in experimental group began to eat less, and their body mass decreased compared with control group and sham operation group. After 6 weeks, we detected hilar cholangiocarcinoma in the hilar bile duct tissues of 18 rats (90%) in the experimental group. In the experimental group with hilar cholangiocarcinoma, we found that the levels of total cholesterol, total bilirubin, and direct bilirubin were higher compared with those in the control group and sham operation group. Simultaneously, muddy stones emerged from the bile ducts of rats in the experimental group. The Bsep/Gapdh mRNA ratio in hilar cholangiocarcinoma, control group and sham operation group differed markedly. Light microscopy revealed a granular pattern of Bsep protein expression which reacted with the anti-Bsep antibody. Each section was randomly divided into six regions, with 80 cells were observed in every region. Sections with > 10% positive cells were designated positive, Sections with < 10% positive cells were designated negative. Each group included 4800 cells. In the experimental group, 1200 cells (25%) were positive, in the control group, 3648 cells (76%) were positive and in the sham operation group 3598 cells (75%) were positive, and this difference was statistically significant. Bsep expression significantly decreased in hilar cholangiocarcinoma of rats than those in control group and sham operation group, suggesting that drugs targeting Bsep are a new strategy for hilar cholangiocarcinoma.

scholarly journals A Subpressor Dose of Angiotensin II Elevates Blood Pressure in a Normotensive Rat Model by Oxidative Stress

2015 ◽  
pp. 153-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. M. GOVENDER ◽  
A. NADAR
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Angiotensin Ii ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Wistar Rat ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Experimental Group

Oxidative stress is an imbalance between free radicals and antioxidants, and is an important etiological factor in the development of hypertension. Recent experimental evidence suggests that subpressor doses of angiotensin II elevate oxidative stress and blood pressure. We aimed to investigate the oxidative stress related mechanism by which a subpressor dose of angiotensin II induces hypertension in a normotensive rat model. Normotensive male Wistar rats were infused with a subpressor dose of angiotensin II for 28 days. The control group was sham operated and infused with saline only. Plasma angiotensin II and H2O2 levels, whole-blood glutathione peroxidase, and AT-1a, Cu/Zn SOD, and p22phox mRNA expression in the aorta was assessed. Systolic and diastolic blood pressures were elevated in the experimental group. There was no change in angiotensin II levels, but a significant increase in AT-1a mRNA expression was found in the experimental group. mRNA expression of p22phox was increased significantly and Cu/Zn SOD decreased significantly in the experimental group. There was no significant change to the H2O2 and GPx levels. Angiotensin II manipulates the free radical-antioxidant balance in the vasculature by selectively increasing O2− production and decreasing SOD activity and causes an oxidative stress induced elevation in blood pressure in the Wistar rat.

Comparing of the reduction accuracy of marker-3D measurement method and traditional radiograph measurement method in the treatment of patients with tibia fracture treated with Taylor Spatial Frame: a retrospective study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
QiXin Liu ◽  
Hong Li ◽  
SiDa Liu ◽  
XueFei Fu ◽  
YanShi Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Method ◽  
Tibia Fracture ◽  
Taylor Spatial Frame ◽  
Lateral Radiograph ◽  
Control Group ◽  
X Rays ◽  
3D Measurement ◽  
Spatial Frame ◽  
Group Control Group ◽  
Experimental Group

Abstract Background The Taylor Spatial Frame (TSF) has been widely used on tibia fractures. However, traditional radiograph measurement method is complicated and the reduction accuracy is not high enough for correcting residual deformities. We proposed the marker-3D measurement method to solve these problems. This study aimed to compare the reduction accuracy of the traditional radiograph measurement method and the marker-3D measurement method in tibia fracture treated with TSF. Methods From January 2016 to June 2019, A retrospective analysis was performed based on the patients with tibia fracture treated with TSF in Tianjin Hospital. Forty-one patients were qualified for this study, including 21 patients in the marker-3D measurement group (experimental group) and 20 patients in the traditional radiograph measurement group (control group). In the experimental group, CT scan was performed for 3D reconstruction with 6 markers installed on the TSF, to determine the adjusting plan; in the control group, the Anteroposterior (AP) and Lateral radiographs were performed for the deformity parameters. All fractures were corrected after TSF adjusting, and then X-rays were taken to measure the residual deformities. Results All patients reached functional reduction. The residual displacement deformity (RDD) in AP radiograph was 0.5 (0, 1.72) mm in experimental group and 1.74 (0.43, 3.67) mm in control group; the residual angle deformity (RAD) in AP radiograph was 0 (0, 1.25) ° in experimental group and 1.25 (0.62, 1.95) °in control group. As to the Lateral radiograph, the RDD was 0 (0, 1.22) mm in experimental group and 2.02 (0, 3.74) mm in control group; the RAD was 0 (0, 0) ° in experimental group and 1.42 (0, 1.93) ° in control group. Significant differences in all above comparisons were found between the groups (AP radiograph RDD: P = 0.024, RAD: P = 0.020; Lateral radiograph RDD: P = 0.016, RAD: P = 0.004). Conclusion Both groups achieved satisfactory fracture reduction. However, the residual deformities in the experimental group were significantly smaller. This study proved that the marker-3D measurement method could further improve the accuracy of the reduction.

scholarly journals Cytogenetic biomonitoring of Brazilian dentists occupationally exposed to low doses of X-radiation

2002 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 196-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cintia Kaori Miyaji ◽  
Ilce Mara de Syllos Cólus
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Low Doses ◽  
Confounding Factors ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Occupationally Exposed ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Personal Questionnaire

Exposure to X-rays (ionizing radiation) may cause chromosomal aberrations (CA) in somatic or germinative cells in exposed individuals, and may lead to manifestations of diseases such as cancer. This study was carried out to assess the CA frequency in lymphocytes obtained by means of temporary culture of peripheral blood from dentists in Londrina, Paraná, Brazil, who have worked for more than ten years with X-rays. The results obtained from the experimental group were compared with a matched negative control group, which had never been exposed to X-rays. All individuals, dentists and controls, answered a personal questionnaire, from which a profile of each group was obtained. Slides, prepared after the cultures, were stained with Giemsa, and 100 to 200 metaphase cells were analyzed per individual. CA frequencies and types were registered and statistical tests were not necessary to evaluate the obtained data. The analysis of mitotic index (MI) did not indicate significant differences (p < 0.05) between the group of individuals exposed to X-rays and the control group. The analyzed confounding factors did not influence the results of MI and CA frequencies.

scholarly journals Histochemical examination on principal collagen fibers in periodontal ligaments of ascorbic acid-deficient ODS-od/od rats

Microscopy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 68 (5) ◽  
pp. 349-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomoka Hasegawa ◽  
Yukina Miyamoto-Takasaki ◽  
Miki Abe ◽  
Zixuan Qiu ◽  
Tomomaya Yamamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Acid Solution ◽  
Collagen Fibers ◽  
Collagen Fibrils ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ascorbic Acid Solution ◽  
Cathepsin H ◽  
Periodontal Ligaments

Abstract In this study, we aimed to clarify the role of ascorbic acid in collagen synthesis in periodontal ligaments using osteogenic disorder Shionogi (ODS)/ShiJcl-od/od rats lacking L-gulonolactone oxidase. These rats cannot synthesize ascorbic acid in vivo. Eight-week-old ODS/ShiJcl-od/od male rats were administered ascorbic acid solution at a concentration of 200 mg/dL (control group, n = 6) or ascorbic acid solution at concentration of 0.3 mg/dL (insufficient group, n = 12). Six rats of the insufficient group were then given with ascorbic acid solution at concentration of 200 mg/dL for additional 3 weeks (rescued group, n = 6), and then, their mandibles were histochemically examined. Consequently, the insufficient group specimens were seen to possess fewer collagen fibers, and silver impregnation revealed numerous fine, reticular fiber-like fibrils branching off from collagen in the periodontal ligaments. In control group, faint immunoreactivities for matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)2 and cathepsin H were seen in the periphery of blood vessels and throughout the ligament, respectively. In contrast, in the insufficient group, intense MMP2-immunoreactivity was observed to be associated with collagen fibrils in the periodontal ligaments, and cathepsin H-immunopositivity was seen in ligamentous cells. The rescued group showed abundant collagen fibers filling the periodontal ligament space. Under transmission electron microscopy, ligamentous fibroblasts incorporated collagen fibrils into tubular endosomes/lysosomes while simultaneously synthesizing collagen fibril bundles. Thus, ascorbic acid insufficiency affected the immunolocalization of cathepsin H and MMP2; however, ligamentous fibroblasts appear to possess the potential to synthesize collagen fibers when supplied with ascorbic acid.

Influence of doxorubicin on lipid peroxidation and heart histology in rats

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (31) ◽  
pp. 33-36
Author(s):  
Джиоев ◽  
Inal Dzhioev ◽  
Джанаев ◽  
Robert Dzhanaev
Keyword(s):  
Low Dose ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Cardiovascular Toxicity ◽  
Anthracycline Antibiotic ◽  
Cross Striation ◽  
Group A ◽  
Sexually Mature ◽  
Experimental Group

Anthracycline antibiotic doxorubicin, which has proven cardiovascular toxicity, is often used in the treatment of cancer. The research project was carried out in 21 sexually mature Wistar male rats divided into three groups: control group, high-dose experimental group, in which rats were once injected intraperitoneally with doxorubicin hydrochloride at a dose of 10 mg/kg and low-dose experimental group, in which animals twice received intraperitoneal 2.5 mg/kg doses of doxorubicinhydrochloride at 10-day interval.An increase of malondialdehyde was revealed in the membranes of red blood cells in the high-dose experimental group, while in the low-dose experimental group a reduction in the levels of malondialdehyde and plasma hydroperoxides as well as a decreasing of catalase activity was observed. Intake of doxorubicin also causes venous hyperemia in wide areas of myocardiumalong with increasing of cardiomyocytic cross striation.

scholarly journals Early Metabolic and Inflammatory Intraperitoneal Changes After Rectum Perforation

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 374-381
Author(s):  
Ioannis Oikonomakis ◽  
Tal M. Horer ◽  
Per Skoog ◽  
Kristofer F. Nilsson ◽  
Kjell Jansson
Keyword(s):  
Postoperative Morbidity ◽  
Rectal Surgery ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sham Operation ◽  
Rectal Perforation ◽  
Arterial Lactate ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Inflammatory Changes ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Pyruvate Ratio

Purpose: Anastomotic leakage (AL) is the most dreaded complication in rectal surgery. It has a great impact on postoperative morbidity and mortality. This animal model, in which we have studied postoperative metabolic and inflammatory changes, is designed to imitate an AL.Methods: Twelve pigs were randomized into 2 groups. In the experimental group, an iatrogenic rectal perforation was performed, with the control group having a sham operation. The 2 groups were followed for 10 hours after operation with regard to vital parameters, arterial lactate, and cytokines interleukin (IL) 1, IL6, and IL10 in the blood and intraperitoneally. Intraperitoneal microdialysis analyses of glucose, lactate, glycerol, and pyruvate were performed and the lactate/pyruvate ratio was calculated.Results: Glucose levels were lower in the experimental group after 4 hours. After 7 hours, lactate and lactate/pyruvate ratio was higher in the experimental group. At the same time intraperitoneal cytokines IL6 and IL10 were higher in the experimental group. Blood samples showed higher IL6 after 7 hours in the experimental group. Conclusion: In this study, several significant differences between the groups in metabolic and inflammatory values weredetected. Further clinical studies are recommended to evaluate the importance of intraperitoneal metabolic and inflammatory analyses as a diagnostic tool for early identification of an AL.

scholarly journals Changes in the sizes of the kidney after contralateral nephrectomy in the experiment

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 52-57
Author(s):  
V.M. Monastyrskyi
Keyword(s):  
Postoperative Period ◽  
Left Kidney ◽  
Abdominal Cavity ◽  
White Male ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Length Width ◽  
Sexually Mature ◽  
Experimental Group

The evaluation of renal measurements such as length, width and thickness, volume is important in the diagnosis and treatment of many renal disorders, since there is a close relationship between the sizes of the kidneys and its function. The purpose of the study was to establish and compare during the postoperative period changes in the mass and sizes of the kidney left after nephrectomy in the sexually mature male rats. An experimental study was carried out on 84 sexually mature white male rats weighing 178-194 grams. Animals were divided into two groups: control (42 rats) and experimental (42 rats). In the control group, the animals under ketamine anesthesia were followed by an abdominal cavity dilution, after which the abdominal wall was applied in a row. All animals of the experimental group performed surgical intervention – nephrectomy of the left kidney. The animals were withdrawn from the trial by intra-pleural administration of thiopental-sodium 50 mg/kg after 7, 14, 21, 30, 90 days after nephrectomy. Macroscopic evaluation and description of the kidneys of animals was performed after their removal. Their weight was determined on the laboratory scale of HLR-200 up to 0.1 mg, and the length, width and thickness of the organ were measured with the help of a caliper to an accuracy of 0.05 mm. Calculated the volume of the kidney. The statistical analysis of the obtained results was carried out using the program STATISTICA 5.5 using parametric methods for evaluating the results. It was established that the mass, length, width, thickness and volume of the kidney of animals in the experimental group, as compared with the control group, were statistically significantly higher in all terms of observation. The fraction of the growth of the width and thickness of the single kidney of animals in the experimental group compared with the control animals in the animals was statistically significantly greater than the proportion of kidney growth during the postoperative period. It was found that the largest increase in the mass and thickness of the kidney, as compared with the control group, was observed after 30 days of the postoperative period, and the greatest increase in the length and width of the kidney, as compared with the control group, was observed after 14 days of the postoperative period.

scholarly journals Dynamics of the functional activity changes in rats testicles under conditions of dosage spermatic cord stenosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 479-485
Author(s):  
M.Ya. Stravska ◽  
A.V. Hantimurov ◽  
T.Ya. Stravskyy ◽  
A.S. Sverstiuk ◽  
O.Ya. Halytska-Kharkhalis
Keyword(s):  
Male Infertility ◽  
Functional Activity ◽  
Spermatic Cord ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Seminiferous Tubules ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
The Third ◽  
Reperfusion Period ◽  
Experimental Group

Infertility in marriage is an important medical, biological, social and demographic problem. Inguinal hernioplasty is objectively considered as a factor of male infertility in 9.8% of cases. Under these pathological conditions, the structural elements of the spermatic cord are compressed those appears the circulatory disturbances in testicle. Disorders of reproductive function often occur precisely because of hemodynamic disorders, which are considered one of the leading pathogenetic factors in the development of male infertility. Purpose — to establish peculiarities of testicles vessels and tissues remodeling under dosed spermatic cord stenosis conditions and during the reperfusion period. The experiments have been carried out on 78 non-linear white male rats, weighting 180–200 grams which were fed due to a standard diet of vivarium. All the animals were divided into four groups: one control group and three experimental ones. The control group included six intact animals. All the other comprised the experimental group which was divided into three series six animals per each depending on the terms of observation. The animals with the model of dosed stenosis of funiculus comprised first experimental group; the animals with the model of dosed stenosis and one-moment decompression, starting from the third day of the experiment comprised the second group; to the third group we referred the animals with the model of dosed stenosis of the funiculus which have undergone decompression with the correction of reperfusion changes due to the method proposed by us, starting from the third day. During the experiment it was established that after one-time decompression of the spermatic cord that was under the experimental stenosis conditions, apereas destructive changes in testicles parenchyma and decreases the functional activity of the organ. Despite that the compression factor has been removed and the blood flow in arteries and veins has been fully restored, there was no improvement in the hemodynamics of the testicle. The use of the dosage decompression method of the spermatic cord helps to improve the hemodynamic conditions of the organ during the reperfusion period. In this case, the detected changes of the testicle’s parenchyma and its intra-organ vessels were less pronounced than during stenosis of the spermatic cord and its one-time decompression. The functional activity of the testicles with use of the reperfusion changes correction, was slightly violated, the spermatogenesis index has been increased and the mature forms of spermatozoa were present in the seminiferous tubules. Thus, the usage of the proposed method of the spermatic cord decompression allows us to obtain positive dynamics in testicles blood vessels remodeling in reperfusion period.

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