scholarly journals The Role of Age in the Physiological Adaptations and Psychological Responses in Bikini-Physique Competitor Contest Preparation: A Case Series

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Newmire ◽  
Heather E. Webb
Keyword(s):  
Female Athletes ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Gluteus Maximus ◽  
Muscle Thickness ◽  
Reproductive Hormones ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Observational Research ◽  
Hydration Status ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Even with the increased popularity of the bikini-physique division within bodybuilding, there is minimal observational research identifying the influence of age on typical adaptations during contest preparation. The purpose of this case series was to observe how age may influence the adaptations normally seen during preparation and the exploration of newer protocols to address adaptations more relative to the judging standards. Over a 16-week pre-contest preparation, a 32-y bikini competitor (BC) and 44-y master’s bikini competitor (MBC) visited the laboratory bi-weekly to observe changes in body fat mass (BF), lean body mass (LBM), bone mineral density (BMD), total body water (TBW); exploratory measures of deltoid cross-sectional area (DeltCSA), gluteus maximus muscle thickness (GMMT), and subcutaneous adipose tissue thickness (SAT); reproductive hormones estradiol (E2), luteinizing hormone (LH), and energy balance hormones triiodothyronine (T3), leptin and ghrelin; hydration status during contest preparation and during the week of competition; resting metabolic rate (RMR); psychometric data related to perceived anxiety, stress, and body image were assessed. No differences between BC and MBC were observed in BF, LBM, BMD, and TBW. Both competitors showed a small loss in LBM. Both BC and MBC showed a contrasting increase in DeltCSA and a loss in GMMT. MBC showed to be slightly more dehydrated (1.025 vs 1.021 g⋅mL− 1) than BC. Both competitors maintained a euhydration status the day of the competition. No time differences were found between BC and MBC during RMR. BC showed a higher mean difference RMR compared to MBC (2.66 ± 0.75 kcal⋅kgLBM− 1⋅d− 1). MBC showed a higher mean difference LH concentration (84.6 ± 6.01 IU⋅L− 1), which may be explained by perimenopausal status. MBC had a higher mean difference concentration of leptin (2.51 ± 0.24 ng⋅mL− 1⋅kgFM− 1), which was unperturbed by fat loss may be interrelated LH. BC self-reported a higher mean difference energy intake (15.07 ± 3.43 kcal⋅kgLBM− 1⋅d− 1) and higher aerobic training volume (93.26 ± 40.68 min⋅d). BC and MBC showed similar composition changes, slightly differing metabolic rates, and differing hormonal LH and leptin responses. This finding is in contrast to previous work showing both LH inhibition and leptin diurnal disturbance in younger, female athletes with low energy availability. The exploratory measures may have some benefit for bikini-physique competitors related to the judging criteria. Age did not seem to play a role in contest preparation adaptations.

scholarly journals The role of age in the physiological adaptations and psychological responses in bikini-physique competitor contest preparation: a case series

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel E. Newmire ◽  
Heather E. Webb
Keyword(s):  
Female Athletes ◽  
Resting Metabolic Rate ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Gluteus Maximus ◽  
Muscle Thickness ◽  
Reproductive Hormones ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Hydration Status ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Cross Sectional

AbstractThe increased popularity of the bikini-physique competitions has not translated to greater research identifying the influence of age on adaptations during contest preparation. The purpose of this case series was to observe how age may influence the adaptations normally seen during preparation and the exploration of newer protocols to address adaptations more relative to the judging standards. Over a 16-week pre-contest preparation, a 32-y bikini competitor (BC) and 44-y master’s bikini competitor (MBC) visited the laboratory bi-weekly to observe changes in body fat mass (BF), lean body mass (LBM), bone mineral density (BMD), total body water (TBW); exploratory measures of deltoid cross-sectional area (DeltCSA), gluteus maximus muscle thickness (GMMT), and subcutaneous adipose tissue thickness (SAT); reproductive hormones estradiol (E2), luteinizing hormone (LH), and energy balance hormones triiodothyronine (T3), leptin and ghrelin; hydration status during contest preparation and the week of competition; resting metabolic rate (RMR); psychometric data related to perceived anxiety, stress, and body image were assessed. No differences between BC and MBC were observed in BF, LBM, BMD, and TBW. Both competitors showed a small loss in LBM. Both BC and MBC showed a contrasting increase in DeltCSA and a loss in GMMT. MBC showed to be slightly more dehydrated (1.025 vs 1.021 g·mL− 1) than BC. Both competitors maintained a euhydration status the day of the competition. No time differences were found between BC and MBC during RMR. BC showed a higher mean difference RMR compared to MBC (2.66 ± 0.75 kcal·kgLBM− 1·d− 1). MBC showed a higher mean difference in LH concentration (84.6 ± 6.01 IU·L− 1), which may be explained by perimenopausal status. MBC had a higher mean difference concentration of leptin (2.51 ± 0.24 ng·mL− 1·kgFM− 1), which was unperturbed by fat loss may be interrelated LH. BC self-reported a higher mean energy intake (15.07 ± 3.43 kcal·kgLBM− 1·d− 1) and higher aerobic training volume (93.26 ± 40.68 min·d). BC and MBC showed similar composition changes, slightly differing metabolic rates, and differing hormonal LH and leptin responses. This finding is in contrast to previous work showing both LH inhibition and leptin diurnal disturbance in younger, female athletes with low energy availability. The exploratory measures may have some benefit for bikini-physique competitors related to the judging criteria. Age did not seem to play a role in contest preparation adaptations.

scholarly journals Sex and Gender in COVID-19 Vaccine Research: Substantial Evidence Gaps Remain

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy Vassallo ◽  
Sultana Shajahan ◽  
Katie Harris ◽  
Laura Hallam ◽  
Carinna Hockham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vaccine Coverage ◽  
Safety Data ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Observational Research ◽  
Public Confidence ◽  
Sex And Gender ◽  
Vaccine Research ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Disaggregated Data

Since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic there has been a global call for sex/gender-disaggregated data to be made available, which has uncovered important findings about COVID-19 testing, incidence, severity, hospitalisations, and deaths. This mini review scopes the evidence base for efficacy, effectiveness, and safety of COVID-19 vaccines from both experimental and observational research, and asks whether (1) women and men were equally recruited and represented in vaccine research, (2) the outcomes of studies were presented or analysed by sex and/or gender, and (3) there is evidence of sex and/or gender differences in outcomes. Following a PubMed search, 41 articles were eligible for inclusion, including seven randomised controlled trials (RCTs), 11 cohort studies, eight cross-sectional surveys, eight routine surveillance studies, and seven case series. Overall, the RCTs contained equal representation of women and men; however, the observational studies contained a higher percentage of women. Of 10 studies with efficacy data, only three (30%) presented sex/gender-disaggregated results. Safety data was included in 35 studies and only 12 (34%) of these presented data by sex/gender. For those that did present disaggregated data, overall, the majority of participants reporting adverse events were women. There is a paucity of reporting and analysis of COVID-19 vaccine data by sex/gender. Research should be designed in a gender-sensitive way to present and, where possible analyse, data by sex/gender to ensure that there is a robust and specific evidence base of efficacy and safety data to assist in building public confidence and promote high vaccine coverage.

scholarly journals A Combination of Serum Biomarkers in Elderly Patients with Sarcopenia: A Cross-sectional Observational Study.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Ying ◽  
Qin Zhang ◽  
Jian-ying Zhou ◽  
Yun-mei Yang
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Muscle Thickness ◽  
Serum Biomarkers ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Skin Fold Thickness ◽  
Skin Fold ◽  
Tnf Α

Abstract Background:The pathogenesis of sarcopenia in the elderly has not yet been fully understood. This study aimed to explore the relationship between sarcopenia and several serum biomarkers in elderly population. Methods:It was an observational cross‐sectional study of data collected from 70 patients (>60 years old, 61.4% men) .According to the criteria of the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS), subjects were divided into a sarcopenia group and a non-sarcopenic group.We compared age, body mass index (BMI) ,biochemical indexes, skeletal muscle mass, handgrip strength (HS), gait speed (GS), skin-fold thickness, muscle thickness, bone mineral density(BMD) and IL-6,IL-10,IL-17A ,TNF-α levels between these groups.Results: Of the 70 subjects, 35 patients were diagnosed with sarcopenia according to the AWGS criteria. The number of men was higher than that of women in both groups. The patients with sarcopenia were older and had lower BMI and muscle thickness, but higher SARC-F questionnaire scores. However, the difference in BMD and skin-fold thickness between these two groups was not statistically significant. Higher IL-6, IL-17A, and TNF-α levels were observed in participants with sarcopenia (P < 0.05). Patients with sarcopenia seemed to have a lower IL-10 level. Positive associations were present between the severity of sarcopenia and IL-6, IL-17, and TNF-α levels, while there was an inverse correlation between the presence of sarcopenia and the IL-10 level. Conclusions: Our research found that in sarcopenic elderly subjects, the serum levels of several biomarkers, such as IL-6, IL-17A, and TNF-α, were higher than those in non-sarcopenic elderly persons.In summary, chronic inflammation plays an important role in the development of sarcopenia. Further studies are needed to explore the possible molecular mechanisms and discover new therapeutic targets.

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN KEBIASAAN MINUM DENGAN STATUS HIDRASI DAN KEBUGARAN JASMANI PADA ATLET DI PERSATUAN BULUTANGKIS KABUPATEN KUDUS

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Aprilia Ariantika ◽  
Nur Lathifah Mardiyati
Keyword(s):  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Observational Research ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Hydration Status ◽  
Research Subjects ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Drinking Habit ◽  
Drinking Habits ◽  
The Relationship

<p><em>The purpose of this research is to know the correlation of drinking habit with hydration status and physical fitness of athlete in Badminton Association of Kudus Regency. This type of observational research with cross sectional approach. The number of research subjects is 33 athletes consisting of three badminton clubs in Kudus District, namely PB Taurus, PB </em><em>Putra Sang Fajar</em><em> and PB Djarum Kudus. Sampling using simple random sampling method. Taking data on drinking habits is obtained with Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ). The hydration status is obtained by card measurement PURI (Check Your Own Urine). Physical fitness is derived from a physical fitness test that is a Beep test. Test the relationship using Spearmen Rank Test and Pearson Product Moment Test. Research subjects who have drinking habits less 48</em><em>,</em><em>5%, enough 15</em><em>,</em><em>2% and more 36</em><em>,</em><em>4%. Dehydrated athletes weigh 9</em><em>,</em><em>1%, mild dehydration 60</em><em>,</em><em>6% and well hydrated 30</em><em>,</em><em>3%. Athletes who have physical fitness under 12</em><em>,</em><em>1% average, 12</em><em>,</em><em>1% average, above average 24</em><em>,</em><em>2%, Excellent 30</em><em>,</em><em>3% and Superior 21</em><em>,</em><em>2%. The correlation between drinking habit and hydration status was obtained (p=0,000, r=0,589) and the relationship between drinking and physical fitness was obtained (p=0,</em><em>459</em><em>). Conclusion In this study there is a relationship between drinking habits with hydration status and no relationship between drinking habits and physical fitness. Advice for athletes is expected to know the factors that affect dehydration and its effects.</em><em></em></p>

scholarly journals Gênero e hidratação como mediadores relevantes para restauração de processos inflamatórios em atletas jovens

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-43
Author(s):  
Flávio Ignácio Bachini ◽  
Leonardo Macedo ◽  
Luis Carlos Oliveira Gonçalves ◽  
Adenilda Cristina Honório França ◽  
Eduardo Luzia França ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Relative Increase ◽  
Hydration Status ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Male Athletes ◽  
Inflammatory Stress

Objetivos: Poucos estudos tem dado a devida importância ao estado de hidratação e as alterações hematológicas em menores de 18 anos. O presente estudo investigou estas alterações em menores de 18 anos na prova de 3000 metros para ambos os gêneros. Método: Foram incluídos os seis melhores participantes das Olimpíadas Nacionais do Ensino Médio (menores de 18 anos) no Brasil. Trata-se de um estudo observacional e transversal. Os atletas correram 3.000 metros em uma pista oval de 400 metros. Foi realizado leucograma total e específico, eritrograma e contagem de plaquetas em quatro diferentes tempos (jejum, pré, pós e recuperação). Os cálculos de comparação entre tempos, apresentados, foram adaptados do modelo matemático de variação percentual. Resultados: Quando comparadas as médias em relação a cada tempo, pode-se notar que os eritrócitos, hemoglobina, hematócrito, leucócitos totais e basófilos aumentaram significativamente após a corrida para ambos os gêneros. Além disso, as plaquetas também aumentaram para ambos os gêneros sem significância. O coeficiente de correlação de Pearson mostrou importante interação leucócitos-plaquetas. Os homens recuperaram seu estado de hidratação em quase metade do tempo em relação as mulheres. Em relação ao sistema imune e resposta inflamatória, as atletas do  gênero feminino tiveram um aumento relativo de mais que o dobro para leucócitos e não recuperaram estes valores, além de apresentarem um aumento de eosinófilos neste mesmo tempo, enquanto os  atletas do  gênero masculino apresentaram diminuição. As mulheres apresentaram um aumento de quase o dobro para linfócitos, enquanto os homens tiveram este comportamento para os fagócitos. Conclusões: O exercício induz alteração do estado de hidratação e sistema imune, tendo diferenças em relação ao gênero. Quando bem conduzido, gera efeitos antiinflamatórios a longo prazo. Quando não há controle sobre o volume, intensidade e recuperação pode causar imunossupressão e promover a suceptibilidade para infecções. Foi possível observar que os atletas do  gênero masculino tem um menor estresse inflamatório e recuperam o seu estado de hidratação e a resposta inflamatória mais rápido que as meninas após uma corrida de 3000 metros.   Objectives: Few studies have given due importance to the hydration status and hematological alterations in children under 18 years of age. The present study investigated these alterations in children under 18 years old in the 3000 meters test for both genders. Method: The six best participants of Brazil's National High School Olympiads (under 18 years old) were included. This is an observational and cross-sectional study. Athletes ran 3,000 meters on a 400 meters oval track. Total and specific white blood cell count, erythrogram, and platelet count were performed four times (fasting, pre, post, and recovery). The time comparison calculations presented were adapted from the percentage variation mathematical model. Results: When comparing the means for each time, it can be noted that erythrocytes, hemoglobin, hematocrit, total leukocytes, and basophils increased significantly after the race for both genders. Furthermore, platelets also increased for both genders without significance. Pearson's correlation coefficient showed a significant leukocyte-platelet interaction. Men regained their hydration status in almost half the time compared to women. Regarding the immune system and inflammatory response, female athletes had a relative increase of more than double for leukocytes and did not recover these values, in addition to showing an increase in eosinophils simultaneously, while male athletes showed a decrease. Women showed an increase of almost double for lymphocytes, while men showed this behavior for phagocytes. Conclusions: Exercise induces changes in hydration status and immune system, with differences concerning gender. When done well, it generates long-term anti-inflammatory effects. When there is no control over volume, intensity, and recovery, it can cause immunosuppression and increase infection susceptibility. It was observed that male athletes have lower inflammatory stress and recover their hydration status and inflammatory response faster than girls after a 3000 meter run.

scholarly journals Examination of Athlete Triad Symptoms Among Endurance-Trained Male Athletes: A Field Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin M. Moore ◽  
Clemens Drenowatz ◽  
David F. Stodden ◽  
Kelly Pritchett ◽  
Thaddus C. Brodrick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Local Community ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Energy Availability ◽  
Reference Ranges ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Male Athletes ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

Background: Studies examining the physiological consequences associated with deficits in energy availability (EA) for male athletes are sparse.Purpose: To examine male athlete triad components; low energy availability (LEA) with or without an eating disorder risk (ED), reproductive hormone [testosterone (T)], and bone mineral density (BMD) in endurance-trained male athletes during different training periods.Methods: A cross-sectional design with 14 participants (age: 26.4 ± 4.2 years; weight: 70.6 ± 6.4 kg; height: 179.5 ± 4.3 cm; BMI: 21.9 ± 1.8 kg/m2) were recruited from the local community. Two separate training weeks [low (LV) and high (HV) training volumes] were used to collect the following: 7-day dietary and exercise logs, and blood concentration of T. Anthropometric measurements was taken prior to data collection. A one-time BMD measure (after the training weeks) and VO2max-HR regressions were utilized to calculate EEE.Results: Overall, EA presented as 27.6 ± 10.7 kcal/kgFFM·d-1 with 35% (n = 5) of participants demonstrating increased risk for ED. Examining male triad components, 64.3% presented with LEA (≤ 30 kcal/kgFFM·d-1) while participants presented with T (1780.6 ± 1672.6 ng/dl) and BMD (1.31 ±.09 g/cm2) within normal reference ranges. No differences were found across the 2 training weeks for EI, with slight differences for EA and EEE. Twenty-five participants (89.3%) under-ingested CHO across both weeks, with no differences between weeks.Conclusion: Majority of endurance-trained male athletes presented with one compromised component of the triad (LEA with or without ED risk); however, long-term negative effects on T and BMD were not demonstrated. Over 60% of the participants presented with an EA ≤ 30 kcal/kgFFM·d-1, along with almost 90% not meeting CHO needs. These results suggest male endurance-trained athletes may be at risk to negative health outcomes similar to mechanistic behaviors related to EA with or without ED in female athletes.

Effects of physical training on cortical bone at midtibia assessed by peripheral QCT

2003 ◽  
Vol 95 (1) ◽  
pp. 219-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
LiJing Liu ◽  
Ryouko Maruno ◽  
Tomoko Mashimo ◽  
Kazunori Sanka ◽  
Tai Higuchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Quantitative Computed Tomography ◽  
Peripheral Quantitative Computed Tomography ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Volumetric Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Strain Index ◽  
Cross Sectional

Effects of long-term exercise on volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD), bone mineral content, bone geometric properties, and the strength indexes of bone were examined in a cross-sectional study of athletes and controls. Tibias of 25 jumpers (13 women), 30 swimmers (15 women), and 25 controls (15 women), aged 18–23 yr, were scanned at midsite by using peripheral quantitative computed tomography. The cortical vBMD of female athletes was lower than that of the controls (2.00 ± 0.05, 1.90 ± 0.08, and 1.92 ± 0.12 g/cm3, respectively, for controls, swimmers, and jumpers). On the other hand, periosteal areas of male jumpers and female athletes were greater than that of controls (460 ± 50, 483 ± 46, and 512 ± 55 mm2, respectively, for male controls, swimmers, and jumpers, and 283 ± 52, 341 ± 73, and 378 ± 75 mm2, respectively, for female controls, swimmers, and jumpers). The endocortical area of female swimmers was greater than that of controls (103 ± 29, 148 ± 52, and 135 ± 54 mm2, respectively, for controls, swimmers, and jumpers). The polar moment of inertia and strength strain index of male jumpers and female athletes were significantly greater than those of controls, except for the difference in strength strain index between male jumpers and controls. We conclude that the improvement of mechanical properties of young adult bone in response to long-term exercise is related to geometric adaptation and not to vBMD.

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN BEBAN KERJA DAN KONSUMSI AIR MINUM DENGAN DEHIDRASI PADA PEKERJA PABRIK TAHU

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 310
Author(s):  
Afton Ilman Huda ◽  
Tjipto Suwandi
Keyword(s):  
Water Intake ◽  
Measurement Method ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Observational Research ◽  
Hydration Status ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Spearman’S Rank Correlation ◽  
Workload Measurement ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Dehidration can significantly impact the workers of Tahu UD Sumber Kencana Factory due to workplace climate of warm environments. In addition, high metabolism also occurs because of job duties. Workers who inadequate hydrated while working lead to dehydration. This study aims to reveal the relationship of hydration status between workload and water intake. By applying observational research with cross sectional approach, this study obtained 14 workers in tahu (tofu) and cincau production. Workload data was collected by using 10 pulse measurement method by Kilbon (1992), while water intake measurement was conducted with observation sheet of NIOSH (2011). The urine colors chart by Armstrong (1994) and Armstong (1998) was used to indicate the hydration status of workers. The results showed that workload measurement included in mild and moderate category, whereas water intake measurement was mostly indicated workers in low category. Assessing the worker’s hydration status signified varied findings that were included mild, moderate, and severe category. The statistic analysis of Spearman’s rank correlation showed that the workload had low relation to dehydration (r = 0.094) and had high relation between water intake and hydration (r = 0.882). According to results, it can be concluded that dehydration is more likely to occur to workers with low water intake while working.Keywords: dehydration, water intake, workload

scholarly journals Serum complexed and free prostate specific antigen levels are lower in female elite athletes in comparison to control women

F1000Research ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 1131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma Eklund ◽  
Eleftherios P. Diamandis ◽  
Carla Muytjens ◽  
Sarah Wheeler ◽  
Anu Mathew ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Specific Antigen ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Elite Athletes ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Limit Of Quantification ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Free Psa

Background: We hypothesize that prostate specific antigen (PSA), a protein that it is under regulation by androgens, may be differentially expressed in female elite athletes in comparison to control women.Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study of 106 female athletes and 114 sedentary age-matched controls.  Serum from these women was analyzed for complexed prostate specific antigen (cPSA) and free prostate specific antigen (fPSA), by fifth generation assays with limits of detection of around 6 and 140 fg/mL, respectively.  A panel of estrogens, androgens and progesterone in the same serum was also quantified by tandem mass spectrometry. Results: Both components of serum PSA (cPSA and fPSA) were lower in the elite athletes vs the control group (P=0.033 and 0.013, respectively).  Furthermore, estrone (p=0.003) and estradiol (p=0.004) were significantly lower, and dehydroepiandrosterone  (p=0.095) and 5-androstene-3β, 17β-diol (p=0.084) tended to be higher in the athletes vs controls. Oral contraceptive use was similar between groups and significantly associated with increased cPSA and fPSA in athletes (p= 0.046 and 0.009, respectively).  PSA fractions were not significantly associated with progesterone changes. The Spearman correlation between cPSA and fPSA in both athletes and controls was 0.75 (P < 0.0001) and 0.64 (P < 0.0001), respectively. Conclusions: Elite athletes have lower complexed and free PSA, higher levels of androgen precursors and lower levels of estrogen in their serum than sedentary control women.Abbreviations: cPSA, complexed PSA; fPSA, free PSA; PCOS, polycystic ovarian syndrome; E1, estrone; E2, estradiol; DHEA, dehydroepiandrosterone, Testo, testosterone; DHT, dihydrotestosterone; PROG, progesterone; Delta 4, androstenedione; Delta 5, androst-5-ene-3β, 17β-diol; BMD, body mineral density; LLOQ, lower limit of quantification; ULOQ, upper limit of quantification; LOD, limit of detection; ACT, α1-antichymotrypsin

Relationship Between Nutrient Intake and Vitamin D Status in Osteoporotic Women

2007 ◽  
Vol 77 (6) ◽  
pp. 376-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
de Souza Genaro ◽  
de Paiva Pereira ◽  
de Medeiros Pinheiro ◽  
Szejnfeld ◽  
Araújo Martini
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Mineral Metabolism ◽  
Sodium Intake ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Serum Vitamin D ◽  
Dietary Records

Vitamin D is essential for maintaining calcium homeostasis and optimizing bone health. Its inadequacy is related to many factors including dietary intake. The aim of the present study was to evaluate serum 25(OH)D and its relationship with nutrient intakes in postmenopausal Brazilian women with osteoporosis. This cross-sectional study comprised 45 free-living and assisted elderly at São Paulo Hospital. Three-day dietary records were used to assess dietary intakes. Bone mineral density was measured with a dual-energy X-ray absorptiometer (DXA). Blood and urine sample were collected for analysis of biochemical markers of bone and mineral metabolism. Insufficiency of vitamin D was observed in 24.4% of the women and optimal levels (≥ 50 nmol/L) were observed in 75.6%. Parathyroid hormone was above the reference range in 51% of the participants. The mean calcium (724 mg/day) and vitamin D (4.2 μ g/day) intakes were lower than the value proposed by The Food and Nutrition Board and sodium intake was more than two-fold above the recommendation. Higher levels of serum 25(OH)D were inversely associated with sodium intake. Dietary strategies to improve serum vitamin D must focus on increasing vitamin D intake and should take a reduction of sodium intake into consideration.

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