The Curative Effect of Zingiber Officinale and Cinnamomum Zeylanicum Extracts on Experimental Trichinella Spiralis Infection

Abstract Trichinellosis is a re-emerging zoonotic disease that has become a public health concern since its reported human outbreaks in many countries. The traditional therapy has many adverse effects in addition to the developing resistance. So, this necessitates finding effective natural alternatives. The current study targeted to assess the potential therapeutic effects of Zingiber officinale and Cinnamomum zeylanicum in comparison to albendazole, a conventional therapy for treatment of trichinosis. Sixty mice were classified into five groups (12 mice each), non-infected control, infected control, combined albendazole and prednisolone, Zingiber officinale, and Cinnamomum zeylanicum treated groups. Mice sacrifice was performed on the 7th and 35th days post infection for intestinal and muscular phases respectively. Efficiency of the used preparations was assessed by parasitological, histopathological, immunohistochemical, biochemical studies in addition to ultrastructural evaluation using transmission electron microscopy. A significant reduction in the mean number of T. spiralis adults and larvae was observed in Zingiber officinale and Cinnamomum zeylanicum treated groups, (64.5%, 50.8%) and (68%, 54.6%) respectively. Also, both extracts showed moderate cytoplasmic reactivity for TGF-β1, (69.3% & 67.8%) respectively. The highest reduction in serum TNF- α level was observed in Zingiber officinale treated group during the muscle phase (58.4%) while in the intestinal phase was 50%. The ultrastructural study revealed degenerative effects on both adults and larvae in addition to obvious improvement of the histopathological changes in the small intestine and muscles. We concluded that these herbal extracts especially Zingiber officinale can be considered a practical and successful alternative for the treatment of trichinellosis.

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Comparison of therapeutic effects between topical 8-oxo-2′-deoxyguanosine and corticosteroid in ocular alkali burn model

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-86440-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Dong Hyun Kim ◽

Sang-Taek Im ◽

Jin Young Yoon ◽

Seunghoon Kim ◽

Mee Kum Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nadph Oxidase ◽

Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate ◽

Inflammatory Cells ◽

Treated Group ◽

Prednisolone Acetate ◽

Therapeutic Effects ◽

Alkali Burn ◽

Tnf Α ◽

Phosphate Buffered Saline

AbstractWe compared the therapeutic effects of topical 8-oxo-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-oxo-dG) and corticosteroid in a murine ocular alkali burn model. (n = 128) The corneal alkali burn model was established by applying 0.1 N sodium hydroxide (NaOH), followed by treatment with 8-oxo-dG, 0.1% fluorometholone (FML), 1% prednisolone acetate (PDE), or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) twice daily. One week later, the clinical and histological status of the cornea were assessed. Transcript levels of inflammatory cytokines and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase as well as the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) in the cornea, were assayed. The 8-oxo-dG and PDE groups showed marked improvements in corneal integrity and clarity when compared with the PBS group (each p < 0.01). The numbers of cells stained for neutrophil elastase and F4/80-positive inflammatory cells were significantly decreased, with levels of interleukin(IL)-1β, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α, and total ROS/RNS amounts markedly reduced in the 8-oxo-dG, FML, and PDE groups (each p < 0.05). Levels of NADPH oxidase type 2 and 4 were substantially more repressed in the 8-oxo-dG-treated group than in the PDE-treated group (each p < 0.05). Topical 8-oxo-dG showed excellent therapeutic effects that were comparable with those treated with topical PDE in a murine ocular alkali burn model.

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Effects of inhalation and intravenous administration of allogeneic mesenchymal bone marrow stromal cells in a bleomycin-induced model of pulmonary fibrosis in rabbits

Russian Journal of Transplantology and Artificial Organs ◽

10.15825/1995-1191-2017-4-88-96 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 19 (4) ◽

pp. 88-96

Author(s):

A. V. Averyanov ◽

A. G. Konoplyannikov ◽

F. G. Zabozlaev ◽

O. V. Danilevskaya ◽

M. A. Konoplyannikov ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Marrow ◽

Bone Marrow Stromal Cells ◽

Treated Group ◽

Control Group ◽

Therapeutic Effects ◽

Treatment Groups ◽

Tnf Α ◽

The Standard Model ◽

Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽

Tgf Β1

Aim:to perform a comparative analysis of the efﬁ cacy of the inhaled and intravenous delivery of equivalent doses of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) in rabbits according to the standard model of bleomycin pulmonary ﬁ brosis.Materials and methods.After bronchoscopic instillation of bleomycin, 5 rabbits received intravenous transplantation of 2 × 106 allogeneic BMMSCs, other 5 rabbits – 2 × 107 MSCs inhaled via compressor nebulizer; control healthy and bleomycin group included 5 animals each.Results.Both groups treated with BMMSCs had a signiﬁ cantly lower Ashcroft ﬁ brosis index than the bleomycin control group. Expression of collagen in lung tissue in all groups with bleomycin injury was superior to healthy controls, but in animals underwent intravenous BMMSC transplantation collagen score was 0.74 points, and in inhaled treated group – 0.51 points, while in bleomycin controls – 2.1 point. Levels of TNF-α and TGF-β1 in BAL ﬂ uids tended to decrease in treatment groups, but did not differ signiﬁ cantly from control. A similar picture was observed in the cytological analysis of BAL.Conclusion.In general, both methods of delivering of BMMSCs to the lungs demonstrated similar therapeutic effects in inhibiting the development of experimental ﬁ brosis, indicating that both intravenous and inhalational way of introduction can be used for subsequent clinical studies.

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Qingwei San Treats Oral Ulcer Subjected to Stomach Heat Syndrome in db/db Mice by Targeting TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB Pathway

10.21203/rs.3.rs-1014975/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Lu Shi ◽

Yongcheng An ◽

Long Cheng ◽

Yiyang Li ◽

Huimin Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oral Mucosa ◽

Interleukin 1 ◽

Zingiber Officinale ◽

Oral Ulcer ◽

Network Pharmacology ◽

High Dose ◽

Therapeutic Effects ◽

Tnf Α ◽

Factor Α ◽

Heat Syndrome

Abstract Background Qingwei San (QWS), one of classic Chinese Medicine prescripts, has been widely used to treat stomach heat syndrome which manifests oral ulcer (OU), periodontitis and upper gastrointestinal bleeding for seven hundred years. However, the therapeutic effects of QWS on diabetic OU subjected to stomach heat syndrome are still ambiguous. In the study, we investigate the pharmacological mechanisms. Methods The main components of QWS aqueous extract were analyzed by LC-MS, and potential pathways of QWS targeting OU were predicted by network pharmacology. The db/db mice were administered with the decoction of dried Zingiber officinale Rosc. rhizome combined with NaOH cauterization to establish the model of diabetic OU subjected to stomach heat syndrome. Subsequently, the model mice were treated with QWS, and OU wound healing status were recorded. The pathological changes of gastric tissue and oral mucosa were evaluated using hematoxylin-eosin staining, and the morphology of collagen fibers in oral mucosa was assessed by Masson staining. The levels of thromboxane B 2 (TXB 2 ), 6-Keto-prostaglandin F1α (6-keto-PGF1α), interleukin-1 β (IL-1β), IL-2, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), β-endorphin (β-EP) and 5-Hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) were determined by ELISA assay. The protein expressions of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), TNF receptor associated factor 6 (TRAF6), myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88), inhibitor of NF-κB alpha (IκΒα), p-IκΒα and nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) p65 were measured by Western Blotting. Results A total of 183 compounds in QWS were identified by LC-MS, and identified 79 bioactive compounds corresponded to 269 targets and 59 pathways. QWS high-dose treatment significantly reduced the level of TXB 2 and the ratio of TXB 2 /6-keto-PGF1α. Meanwhile, it improved mucosal pathological morphology, and reduced the area of OU and local edema. Simultaneously, the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-2 and 5-HT, and the expressions of TLR4、TRAF6、MyD88、p-IκΒα and NF-κB p65 were decreased. Conclusion QWS treatment facilitates the healing of OU, ameliorates pathological morphologies of gastric and oral mucosa and decreases the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in db/db mice subjected to stomach heat syndrome, whose mechanism may be associated with the inhibition of TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway to exert anti-inflammatory effects.

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Efficacy of Zingiber officinale and Cinnamomum zeylanicum extracts against experimental Trichinella spiralis infection

Journal of Parasitic Diseases ◽

10.1007/s12639-021-01412-y ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Marwa Ahmed Mohamed Salama ◽

Nahed E. Mostafa ◽

Naglaa Fathy Abd El-Aal ◽

Howayda Said Fouad Moawad ◽

Samar Kamel Hammad ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Trichinella Spiralis ◽

Zingiber Officinale ◽

Cinnamomum Zeylanicum

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Eccentric Overload Muscle Damage is Attenuated By a Novel Angiotensin- (1-7) Treatment

International Journal of Sports Medicine ◽

10.1055/a-0633-8892 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 39 (10) ◽

pp. 743-748 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Lenice Becker ◽

Nádia Totou ◽

Samara Moura ◽

Lucas Kangussu ◽

Ruben Millán ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Muscle Damage ◽

Oral Formulation ◽

Treated Group ◽

Post Exercise ◽

Tnf Α ◽

Exercise Induced ◽

Α Level ◽

Eccentric Overload ◽

Muscle Damage Markers ◽

New Strategies

AbstractThe development of new strategies to attenuate exercise-induced muscle damage may be helpful for training regimens. The aim of this study was to determine whether a oral formulation of angiotensin Ang-(1-7)[HPβCD/Ang-(1-7)] is effective to reduce pain, and muscle damage markers after eccentric-overload exercise. HPβCD (Placebo) and HPβCD/Ang-(1-7) (Ang-(1-7) group were treated for 7 days (one capsule/day). The pain was measured by visual analogue scale, maximal strength (MS) using force platform. Blood samples were collected for cytokines and creatine kinase (CK) analysis. The Ang-(1-7)-treated group reported less pain immediately (3.46±0.64 vs. placebo 3.80±0.77 cm) and 24 h after exercise (3.07±0.71 vs. 3.73±0.58 cm placebo) and higher MS at 24 h (24±12 N) and 48 h (30±15 N) vs. placebo (-8±9 N and -10±9 N). The CK for Ang-(1-7) (0.5±0.1 and 0.9±0.2 U/L) were lower at 48 and 72 h vs. placebo (fold changes of 1.7±0.5 and 1.5±0.3 U/L). The TNF-α level was lower in the treated group post-exercise (38±2.5 pg/ml) vs. placebo (45±2.9 pg/ml) but no significant changes were observed for IL-6 and IL-10. Our data indicate that treatment with Ang-(1-7) may attenuate pain, some of the muscle damage markers and improves performance following eccentric exercise.

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Potential therapeutic effects of cyanidin-3-O-glucoside on rheumatoid arthritis by relieving inhibition of CD38+ NK cells on Treg cell differentiation

Arthritis Research & Therapy ◽

10.1186/s13075-019-2001-0 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Hongxing Wang ◽

Shutong Li ◽

Guoqing Zhang ◽

Hui Wu ◽

Xiaotian Chang

Keyword(s):

Nk Cells ◽

Treg Cell ◽

Nk Cell ◽

Treg Cells ◽

Therapeutic Effects ◽

Nkg2d Expression ◽

Tnf Α ◽

Ifn Γ ◽

Α Level ◽

Cell Proportion

Abstract Background CD38+ NK cells are overabundant in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (C3G) is an inhibitor of CD38. This study investigated the pathogenic role of CD38+ NK cells and the effect of C3G on RA. Methods Rats with bovine type II collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) were injected with C3G. RA synovial fibroblasts (RASFs) or mononuclear cells (MNCs) were cultured with C3G. MNCs were also cocultured with CD38+ NK cells following C3G pretreatment. Results C3G injection significantly alleviated CIA. C3G also significantly increased the level of interleukin (IL)-10 and the regulatory T (Treg) cell proportion, and it decreased the interleukin (IL)-6 and interferon (IFN)-γ levels and CD38+ NK cell proportion in rat peripheral blood and synovial fluid. Additionally, C3G significantly increased RASF apoptosis and decreased RASF proliferation and IL-6 production in the culture medium. Furthermore, C3G stimulated MNCs to increase IL-2 and IL-10 production and the Treg cell proportion, and it caused MNCs to decrease IL-6 and IFN-γ production and the CD38+ NK cell proportion. Although CD38+ NK cells significantly decreased the Treg cell proportion and IL-10 level in MNCs, CD38+ NK cells that had been pretreated with C3G increased the proportion of Treg cells and IL-10 levels and decreased the IL-6 and IFN-γ levels in the coculture. In CD38+ NK cells, C3G significantly increased Sirtuin 6 (Sirt6) expression and the tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α level, and it decreased natural killer group 2D (NKG2D) expression and the IFN-γ level. However, when CD38+ NK cells were treated with Sirt6 siRNA, C3G did not change the NKG2D expression, the TNF-α level sharply decreased, and the IFN-γ level increased. When MNCs were cocultured with C3G-pretreated CD38+ NK cells in the presence of TNF-α and an anti-IFN-γ antibody, the IL-10+ Treg cell proportion significantly increased. When MNCs were cocultured with C3G-pretreated CD38+ NK cells in the presence of IFN-γ and an anti-TNF-α antibody, the IL-10+ Treg cell proportion sharply decreased. When CIA rats were injected with both C3G and the Sirt6 inhibitor OSS_128167, the rats exhibited joint inflammation and a low Treg cell proportion, but the CD38+ NK proportion was still low. Conclusion C3G has therapeutic effects on CIA and RA. C3G decreased the proportion of CD38+ cells, RASF proliferation, and proinflammatory cytokine secretion, and it increased the Treg cell proportion. C3G also elevated Sirt6 expression to suppress NKG2D expression, increase TNF-α secretion, and decrease IFN-γ secretion in CD38+ NK cells, which stimulates MNCs to differentiate into Treg cells. This study also demonstrates that the inhibition of Treg cell differentiation in MNCs by CD38+ NK cells is a potential cause of the immune imbalance in RA and CIA.

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Bidens pilosa (Black Jack) Standardized Extract Ameliorates Acute TNBS-induced Intestinal Inflammation in Rats

Planta Medica ◽

10.1055/a-1089-8342 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 86 (05) ◽

pp. 319-330

Author(s):

Ana E.V. Quaglio ◽

Vinicius M. Cruz ◽

Luiz D. Almeida-Junior ◽

Celso A.R.A. Costa ◽

Luiz C. Di Stasi

Keyword(s):

Intestinal Inflammation ◽

Gastric Ulcers ◽

Bidens Pilosa ◽

Tem Analysis ◽

Beneficial Effects ◽

Transmission Electron ◽

Tnf Α ◽

Inflammatory Bowel ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Α Level

Abstract Bidens pilosa is an herb popularly used to treat inflammation, hemorrhoids, fever, and gastric ulcers with reported pharmacological activities and chemical composition that sustain its selection as a potential intestinal anti-inflammatory product. Based on this, we examined the effects of a B. pilosa fatty acid-standardized supercritical preparation on the intestinal inflammatory process induced by trinitrobenzenesulphonic acid in rats, using either preventative or curative treatments. We also investigated the safety of plant extract by acute and sub-chronic toxicological analysis. The intestinal anti-inflammatory activity was related to modulation of the immune response, increasing IL-10 production and reducing IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α level, the oxidative stress, and the MUC production in the inflamed colon. Optic, scanning, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis supported the beneficial effects promoted by B. pilosa, which were closely related to downregulation of heparanase, Hsp70, Mapk 3, and NF-κB signaling and with the presence of long-chain fatty acids in extract. Our data suggest that B. pilosa supercritical preparation is a chemically standardized preparation potentially useful as complementary intestinal anti-inflammatory agent to treat inflammatory bowel disease.

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Algae Oil Treatment Protects Retinal Ganglion Cells (RGCs) via ERK Signaling Pathway in Experimental Optic Nerve Ischemia

Marine Drugs ◽

10.3390/md18020083 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 18 (2) ◽

pp. 83

Author(s):

Tzu-Lun Huang ◽

Yao-Tseng Wen ◽

Yu-Chieh Ho ◽

Jia-Kang Wang ◽

Kuan-Hung Lin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Retinal Ganglion Cells ◽

Caspase 3 ◽

Ganglion Cells ◽

Treated Group ◽

Therapeutic Effects ◽

Ischemic Optic Neuropathy ◽

Retinal Ganglion ◽

Erk Activation ◽

Tnf Α ◽

Algae Oil

Background: We investigated the therapeutic effects and related mechanisms of algae oil (ALG) to protect retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) in a rat model of anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (rAION). Methods: Rats were daily gavaged with ALG after rAION induction for seven days. The therapeutic effects of ALG on rAION were evaluated using flash visual evoked potentials (FVEPs), retrograde labeling of RGCs, TUNEL assay of the retina, and ED1 staining of optic nerves (ONs). The levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), IL-1β, TNF-α, Cl-caspase-3, ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF), and p-ERK were analyzed by using western blots. Results: Protection of visual function in FVEPs amplitude was noted, with a better preservation of the P1–N2 amplitude in the ALG-treated group (p = 0.032) than in the rAION group. The density of RGCs was 2.4-fold higher in the ALG-treated group compared to that in the rAION group (p < 0.0001). The number of ED1-positive cells in ONs was significantly reduced 4.1-fold in the ALG-treated group compared to those in the rAION group (p = 0.029). The number of apoptotic RGCs was 3.2-fold lower in number in the ALG-treated group (p = 0.001) than that in the rAION group. The ALG treatment inhibited ERK activation to reduce the levels of iNOS, IL-1β, TNF-α, and Cl-caspase-3 and to increase the level of CNTF in the rAION model. Conclusion: The treatment with ALG after rAION induction inhibits ERK activation to provide both anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic effects in rAION.

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Protective effect of Ellipticine in ovalbumin (OVA)-induced murine model of allergic rhinitis via dual inhibition of COX-2 and NF-κB

Israel Journal of Plant Sciences ◽

10.1163/22238980-bja10026 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-11

Author(s):

Jian Wang ◽

Xiao Liu ◽

Zhi Liu ◽

Yanxia Ge ◽

Shuangwen He

Keyword(s):

Allergic Rhinitis ◽

Disease Control ◽

Murine Model ◽

Molecular Mechanisms ◽

Treated Group ◽

Health Concern ◽

Dependent Manner ◽

Tnf Α ◽

Cox 2

Abstract Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a serious health concern across the globe. Despite its non-fatal character, it accounts for affecting millions of people across the world and is deemed responsible to affect their quality of life and put a significant economic burden. In the current study, we aimed to assess the anti-allergic and anti-inflammatory effects and the underlying molecular mechanisms of ellipticine (ETC) against AR using ovalbumin (OVA)-induced murine model of allergic rhinitis. The ETC was administered to mice via intra-peritoneal route after suspending in 5% CMC after sensitization by OVA. Results of the study suggested that ETC causes a significant reduction the nose rubs as compared to disease control. A significant reduction in the serum level of histamine, IgG1, TNF-α, IL-1β, MIP-2, and IL-6 was found in ETC treated group in a dose-dependent manner as compared to OVA challenged mice. It also reduces eosinophils in BALF of AR mice. In western blot analysis, the expression of aberrantly activated COX-2 and NF-ĸB found significantly reduced in ETC treated group due to inhibition of TLR-4 and caspase-1 as compared to disease-control mice. ETC showed significant interaction with residues of the active site of COX-2 and NF-ĸB. Collectively, our results indicated that ETC can be used to improve present therapeutic strategies against AR.

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Qingwei San treats oral ulcer subjected to stomach heat syndrome in db/db mice by targeting TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway

Chinese Medicine ◽

10.1186/s13020-021-00565-5 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Lu Shi ◽

Yongcheng An ◽

Long Cheng ◽

Yiyang Li ◽

Huimin Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oral Mucosa ◽

Interleukin 1 ◽

Zingiber Officinale ◽

Oral Ulcer ◽

Network Pharmacology ◽

High Dose ◽

Therapeutic Effects ◽

Tnf Α ◽

Factor Α ◽

Heat Syndrome

Abstract Background Qingwei San (QWS), one of classic Chinese Medicine prescripts, has been widely used to treat stomach heat syndrome which manifests oral ulcer (OU), periodontitis and upper gastrointestinal bleeding for seven hundred years. However, the therapeutic effects of QWS on diabetic OU subjected to stomach heat syndrome are still ambiguous. In the study, we investigated the pharmacological mechanisms. Methods The main components of QWS aqueous extract were analyzed by LC–MS, and potential pathways of QWS targeting OU were predicted by network pharmacology. The db/db mice were administered with the decoction of dried Zingiber officinale Rosc. rhizome combined with NaOH cauterization to establish the model of diabetic OU subjected to stomach heat syndrome. Subsequently, the model mice were treated with QWS, and OU wound healing status were recorded. The pathological changes of gastric tissue and oral mucosa were evaluated using hematoxylin–eosin staining, and the morphology of collagen fibers in oral mucosa was assessed by Masson staining. The levels of thromboxane B2 (TXB2), 6-Keto-prostaglandin F1α (6-keto-PGF1α), interleukin-1 β (IL-1β), IL-2, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), β-endorphin (β-EP) and 5-Hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) were determined by ELISA assay. The protein expressions of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), TNF receptor associated factor 6 (TRAF6), myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88), inhibitor of NF-κB alpha (IκΒα), p-IκΒα and nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) p65 were measured by Western Blotting. Results A total of 183 compounds in QWS were identified by LC–MS, and identified 79 bioactive compounds corresponded to 269 targets and 59 pathways. QWS high-dose treatment significantly reduced the level of TXB2 and the ratio of TXB2/6-keto-PGF1α. Meanwhile, it improved mucosal pathological morphology, and reduced the area of OU and local edema. Simultaneously, the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-2 and 5-HT, and the expressions of TLR4, TRAF6, MyD88, p-IκΒα and NF-κB p65 were decreased. Conclusion QWS treatment facilitates the healing of OU, ameliorates pathological morphologies of gastric and oral mucosa and decreases the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in db/db mice subjected to stomach heat syndrome, whose mechanism may be associated with the inhibition of TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway to exert anti-inflammatory effects.

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