An experimental model of neurodegenerative disease based on porcine hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus-related lysosomal abnormalities
Abstract Advances in experimental models for neurodegenerative diseases have enhanced the understanding of its molecular pathogenesis and begun to revealed promising therapeutic avenues. Lysosomes are involved in pathogenesis of a variety of neurodegenerative diseases and play a large role in neurodegenerative disorders caused by virus infection. However, whether virus-infected cells or animals can be used as experimental models of neurodegeneration in humans based on virus-related lysosomal dysfunction remain unclear. Porcine hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus (PHEV) displays neurotropism in mice and neural cells are its targets for viral progression. PHEV infection may be a risk factor for neurodegenerative diseases. Our findings demonstrated for the first time that PHEV infection can lead to lysosome disorders and showed that the specific mechanism of lysosome dysfunction is related to PGRN expression deficiency and indicated similar pathogenesis compared to human neurodegenerative diseases such as neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (NCL) and frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) upon PHEV infection. Trehalose can also increase progranulin (PGRN) expression and rescue abnormalities in lysosomal structure in PHEV-infected cells. In conclusion, these results suggest that PHEV may serve as a disease model for studying the pathogenic mechanisms and prevention of other degenerative diseases.