scholarly journals Antibacterial activity of the sea cucumber Holothuria leucospilota whole body extract against Staphylococcus aureus strains MRSA, SEA, and SEB

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noushin Arfatahery ◽  
Mohammad M. Khabbazan
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Persian Gulf ◽  
Sea Cucumber ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Bactericidal Effects ◽  
The Persian Gulf

Abstract Aquatic organisms are a source of organic compounds that hold various features such as medical and nutritional activities. Within the framework of an antimicrobial activity study of marine macro-organisms from the Persian Gulf, bioactive compounds of the sea cucumber Holothuria leucospilota were extracted from the whole body using chloroform and methanol. The extracts were evaluated for their antibacterial effects against methicillin-resistant (MRSA) and staphylococcal enterotoxins producing (SEA, SEB) Staphylococcus aureus strains. Activities have been determined using three methods: disk diffusion tests, minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). The results demonstrate that methanol and chloroform extracts have an inhibitory effect on the growth of all strains at MIC concentrations up to 100 mg/ml. Also, chloroform extracts demonstrate bactericidal activity against SEB in concentrations of about 100 mg/ml. The extracts also show bactericidal effects against MRSA and SEB below 100 mg/ml concentrations. The highest antibacterial activity was found in methanol extract. Therefore, sea cucumber extracts are good candidates for the identification of new antimicrobials. Yet, comprehensive investigations are needed to separate and identify the active components for Holothuria leucospilota from the Persian Gulf.

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF PSEUDOCEDRELA KOTSCHYI (SCHWEINF.) HARMS EXTRACTS AGAINST STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS GROWTH

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-15
Author(s):  
Kokou Atchou ◽  
Koku Amegbo Dakey ◽  
Farida Etroubeka-Tsono ◽  
Amégninou Agban ◽  
Simplice Damintoti Karou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Clinical Strain ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Bactericidal Effects ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Kinetics Of Inhibition

Staphylococcus aureus is a ubiquitous bacteria that causes a serious health problem because of its multi-resistance to antibiotics. The aimed of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial activity of P. kotschyi root against S. aureus ATCC 29213 and S. aureus, a clinical strain. The phytochemical compound was sought in the extracts by standard staining tests and extractions were carried out by fractionation using solvents depletion method with increasing polarity. The method of dilution in liquid medium was used for the antibacterial tests. The results showed that the aqueous extract of the bark was effective against both S. aureus with MICs of 0.39 mg.mL-1. The MICs of ethanolic extract were 0.39 and 0.78 mg.mL-1, respectively on S. aureus ATCC 29213 and S. aureus. The steles of P. kotschyi roots were less effective. The ethanolic and aqueous extracts at concentrations = 2MICs, have been respectively bacteriostatic and bactericidal effects on tested germs. The kinetics of inhibition showed that the aqueous extract of the bark at 0.78 mg.mL-1, completely destroyed the two germs respectively in 4 h and 5 h. The action of ethanolic extract at 0.78 and 1.56 mg.mL-1 occurs late against both S. aureus at 6 h and 7 h. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, anthracenes, glycosides, saponosides and sterols, some of that may be responsible for the observed antimicrobial activity. This study proved the antibacterial activity of P. kotschyi roots that can be exploited as an antibiotic in the treatment of S. aureus infections.

scholarly journals Study on the extraction and antibacterial activity of Monascin

2021 ◽  
Vol 251 ◽  
pp. 02061
Author(s):  
Xiaojuan Gao ◽  
Xiaoshi Lu ◽  
Zifeng Wang ◽  
Guangpeng Liu ◽  
Xinjun Li
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Ethanol Extraction ◽  
Inhibitory Ability ◽  
Strong Inhibitory Effect

Taking monascin as the research object, monascin was extracted from red kojic rice by ethanol extraction and extracted with 60%, 70% and 80% ethanol respectively. Finally, it was concluded that when the concentration of ethanol was 70%, the extraction rate of monascin was the highest, reached 75.68%. The bacteriostatic experiments of monascin extract and monascin fermentation showed that it had strong inhibitory effect on Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis, weak inhibitory ability on Escherichia coli and Aspergillus niger, and no obvious inhibitory effect on the growth of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

Holothuria scabra (Holothuroidea: Aspidochirotida): first record of a highly valued sea cucumber, in the Persian Gulf, Iran

2012 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul-Reza Dabbagh ◽  
Musa Keshavarz ◽  
Dariush Mohammadikia ◽  
Majid Afkhami ◽  
Seyyed Afshin Nateghi
Keyword(s):  
Persian Gulf ◽  
Sea Cucumber ◽  
First Record ◽  
Holothuria Scabra ◽  
The Persian Gulf

Antibacterial Activity of the Lactoperoxidase System Against Listeria monocytogenes and Staphylococcus aureus in Milk

1990 ◽  
Vol 53 (12) ◽  
pp. 1010-1014 ◽  
Author(s):  
DAVID N. KAMAU ◽  
STEPHANIE DOORES ◽  
KENNETH M. PRUITT
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Growth Rate ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Initial Period ◽  
Similar Magnitude ◽  
Lactoperoxidase System ◽  
Bactericidal Effects ◽  
And Staphylococcus Aureus

The lactoperoxidase system (LPS) was activated by addition of thiocyanate (SCN−) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and utilizing the inherent milk lactoperoxidase (LP). For Listeria monocytogenes studies, initial concentrations of 2.4 mM SCN− and 0.6 mM H2O2 were added. The corresponding concentrations were 1.2 mM SCN− and 0.3 mM H2O2 for Staphylococcus aureus studies. The LPS increased the predicted time to reach half the maximum attainable CFU/ml by 326 h for L. monocytogenes at 10°C and by 6.3 h at 35°C. For S. aureus, the corresponding increases were 36 h at 10°C and 2.4 h at 37°C. During the initial period after activation of the LPS, bactericidal effects against L. monocytogenes at 35°C and S. aureus at 37°C were observed. After recovery from the effects of the LPS, growth rate of each pathogen was of similar magnitude as in the H2O2-treated and untreated milk, with the exception of L. monocytogenes at 10°C.

Effect of Thio- and Hydrazino-derivatives of Uracil, 6-Azauracil and 6-Azathymine on the Growth of Some Microorganisms in Vitro

1972 ◽  
Vol 27 (7) ◽  
pp. 818-821 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Spassov ◽  
Evgeny Golovinsky ◽  
Nadejda Spassovska ◽  
Liliana Maneva
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Neurospora Crassa ◽  
Candida Tropicalis ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Streptococcus Faecalis ◽  
Derivatives Of

The antibacterial activity of 2-thiouracil, 2-methylthiouracil, 2-hydrazinouracil, 2,4-dithiouracil, 2-thio-4-hydrazinouracil, 2-thio-6-azathymine, 2-hydrazino-6-azathymine, 2,4-dithio-6-azathymine, 2-thio-4-hydrazino-6-azathymine, 2,4-dimethylthio-6-azathymine, 2-methylthio-4-hydrazino-6-azathymine, 4-thio-6-azauracil and 4-hydrazino-6-azauracil has been studied on the growth of: Staphylococcus aureus 209, Streptococcus faecalis 775, Escherichiia coli 387, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus subtilis, Candida tropicalis and Neurospora crassa 9863.The highest inhibitory effect was observed with 4-hydrazino-derivatives of 2-thiouracil, 6-azauracil and 2-thio-6-azathymine.

scholarly journals Preparation of the Persian Gulf Echinometra mathaei Organic Extracts and Investigation of Their Antibacterial Activity

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Reza Shushizadeh ◽  
Mansoureh Beigi Nasiri ◽  
Abdol-Ghani Ameri ◽  
Ebrahim Rajabzadeh Ghatrami ◽  
Saltanat Tavakoli
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Persian Gulf ◽  
Organic Extracts ◽  
Echinometra Mathaei ◽  
The Persian Gulf

scholarly journals The Antibacterial Activity of Thermoactinomyces sp. (H24) Extract Against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-63
Author(s):  
Julia Nanda Puspita ◽  
Rikhsan Kurniatuhadi ◽  
Rahmawati Rahmawati
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Bioactive Compound ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
And Staphylococcus Aureus

Bacteria of the genus Thermoactinomyces have the ability to produce antibacterial bioactive compounds. This bioactive compound can be used for combating diarrheal agents such as Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. This study aims to determine the antibacterial activity of the metabolite extract from Thermoactinomyces sp. (H24) against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Methanol was used as a solvent for the extraction of bacterial bioactive compounds. Antibacterial activity was analyzed by the diffusion method with several extract concentrations (0.75 mL, 1.5 mL, 2.25 mL, and 3 mL), 10% DMSO as the negative control, and ciprofloxacin as the positive control. Our result shows that Termoactinomyces sp. (H24) extract has an inhibitory effect on the growth of  E. coli and S. aureus with an effective concentration of 2.25 mL (inhibition strength: very strong).

scholarly journals Antimicrobial activity and mechanism of action of Perilla essential oil against Staphylococcus aureus

2020 ◽  
Vol 145 ◽  
pp. 01015
Author(s):  
Wenbing He ◽  
Ce Shi ◽  
Xiaoyin Long ◽  
Xuelian Liu ◽  
Xingchen Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Foodborne Pathogens ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Perilla Frutescens ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Antibacterial Effects ◽  
Food Industries ◽  
Cell Membrane Permeabilization ◽  
Simultaneous Loss

Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is an important cause of foodborne illness in humans and animals. In some Asian countries, Perilla (Perilla frutescens) is widely used for cooking and medicinal purposes. The current study reports its antibacterial activity against S. aureus. PEO exhibited significant antibacterial activity against S. aureus with MIC values ranged from 1 to 2 mg/ml. Growth curve illustrated that PEO had time and concentration-dependent antibacterial effects against S. aureus. The results of this study showed that PEO exerted the inhibitory effect on S. aureus through cell membrane permeabilization which was associated with generalized membrane-disrupting effects, and this corresponded to a simultaneous loss of 260-nm absorbing materials. FCM assay also demonstrated that PEO treatment markedly damaged the membrane of S. aureus. Moreover, the SEM and TEM observations also support the above hypothesis, and strongly indicated the membrane-destructing activity of PEO. This study may contribute to the effective application of PEO as a natural antibacterial agent to control foodborne pathogens in food industries.

scholarly journals Integrating Molecular Networking and 1H NMR Spectroscopy for Isolation of Bioactive Metabolites from the Persian Gulf Sponge Axinella sinoxea

Marine Drugs ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 366
Author(s):  
Reza Mohsenian Kouchaksaraee ◽  
Mahdi Moridi Farimani ◽  
Fengjie Li ◽  
Melika Nazemi ◽  
Deniz Tasdemir
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Nmr Spectroscopy ◽  
1H Nmr ◽  
Crude Extract ◽  
Persian Gulf ◽  
1H Nmr Spectroscopy ◽  
Bioactive Metabolites ◽  
Molecular Networking ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
The Persian Gulf

The geographic position, highly fluctuating sea temperatures and hypersalinity make Persian Gulf an extreme environment. Although this unique environment has high biodiversity dominated by invertebrates, its potential in marine biodiscovery has largely remained untapped. Herein, we aimed at a detailed analysis of the metabolome and bioactivity profiles of the marine sponge Axinella sinoxea collected from the northeast coast of the Persian Gulf in Iran. The crude extract and its Kupchan subextracts were tested in multiple in-house bioassays, and the crude extract and its CHCl3-soluble portion showed in vitro antibacterial activity against Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Enterococcus faecium (Efm). A molecular networking (MN)-based dereplication strategy by UPLC-MS/MS revealed the presence of phospholipids and steroids, while 1H NMR spectroscopy indicated the presence of additional metabolites, such as diketopiperazines (DKPs). Integrated MN and 1H NMR analyses on both the crude and CHCl3 extracts combined with an antibacterial activity-guided isolation approach afforded eight metabolites: a new diketopiperazine, (-)-cyclo(L-trans-Hyp-L-Ile) (8); a known diketopiperazine, cyclo(L-trans-Hyp-L-Phe) (7); two known phospholipids, 1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (1) and 1-O-octadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (2); two known steroids, 3β-hydroxycholest-5-ene-7,24-dione (3) and (22E)-3β-hydroxycholesta-5,22-diene-7,24-dione (4); two known monoterpenes, loliolide (5) and 5-epi-loliolide (6). The chemical structures of the isolates were elucidated by a combination of NMR spectroscopy, HRMS and [α]D analyses. All compounds were tested against MRSA and Efm, and compound 3 showed moderate antibacterial activity against MRSA (IC50 value 70 μg/mL). This is the first study that has dealt with chemical and bioactivity profiling of A. sinoxea leading to isolation and characterization of pure sponge metabolites.

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