scholarly journals Social Discrimination As A Barrier For The Treatment Of Chronic Diseases In Venezuelan Migrants Of Peru

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolina Delgado-Flores ◽  
Oscar Soto Cutrie ◽  
Wendy Nieto
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Social Discrimination ◽  
Bivariate Model ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Main Association ◽  
Adjusted Model ◽  
Prevalence Ratios

Abstract Objective: To determine the association between discrimination and treatment of chronic diseases in Venezuelan emigrants. Methodology: Cross-sectional study, secondary analysis of the database of the "Survey directed at the Venezuelan population residing in the country" (ENPOVE), carried out in Peru in 2018. To evaluate the main association, we used a regression model of poisson, by adjusting the effect of the multistage sample using the svy command, and obtaining prevalence ratios (RP) with their respective confidence intervals (95% CI).Results: A population of 865 Venezuelans (58.2% women, mean age: 36.6 ± 0.7 years) were evaluated, in which 54.8% reported having felt discriminated against for being Venezuelan and 89.2% reported not receiving treatment for their chronic disease. A statistically significant association was found between having been discriminated for being Venezuelan and having received treatment for chronic diseases, in the bivariate model (RPc: 0.38; 95% CI: 0.20–0.73) and the adjusted model (RPa: 0.49; 95% CI: 0.25–0.97).Conclusion: Our study found that having felt discriminated against decreases the prevalence of receiving treatment for chronic diseases by approximately 50% compared to those who did not report having been discriminated against. Future studies are necessary to evaluate the consistency of the results, with a larger population of Venezuelans residing in Peru.

scholarly journals Perceived discrimination as a barrier for the adequate treatment of chronic diseases in Venezuelan migrants from Peru

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolina Delgado-Flores ◽  
Oscar Soto Cutire ◽  
Aleksandar Cvetkovic-Vega ◽  
Wendy Nieto-Gutierrez
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Poisson Regression ◽  
Perceived Discrimination ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Poisson Regression Model ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adequate Treatment ◽  
Multistage Sampling

ABSTRACT: Objective: To determine the association between perceived discrimination and receiving adequate treatment for chronic diseases in Venezuelan migrants. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was performed. This is a secondary analysis of the ENPOVE national survey from Peru. The association between the perceived discrimination and receiving adequate treatment for chronic diseases was evaluated using a Poisson regression model, considering the adjusted effect of the multistage sampling. Results: A total of 865 migrants were evaluated (age: 36.6 ± 0.7 years and 58.2% women). Of these, 54.8% perceived discrimination, and 89.2% did not receive adequate treatment for chronic diseases. Perceived discrimination was significantly associated with a lower prevalence of receiving adequate treatment for chronic diseases (PRa = 0.49; 95%CI 0.25 – 0.97). Conclusion: This study evidenced that perceived discrimination decreases the prevalence of receiving adequate treatment for chronic diseases by approximately 50% compared with those who did not perceive discrimination.

scholarly journals Socioeconomic Factors and Health Status Disparities Associated with Difficulty in ADLs and IADLs among Long-Lived Populations in Brazil: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 004695802110072
Author(s):  
Júlia Cristina Leite Nóbrega ◽  
Juliana Barbosa Medeiros ◽  
Tácila Thamires de Melo Santos ◽  
Saionara Açucena Vieira Alves ◽  
Javanna Lacerda Gomes da Silva Freitas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Socioeconomic Factors ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Objective: To evaluate the association between socioeconomic factors, health status, and Functional Capacity (FC) in the oldest senior citizens in a metropolis and a poor rural region of Brazil. Method: Cross-sectional study of 417 seniors aged ≥80 years, data collected through Brazil’s Health, Well-being and Aging survey. FC assessed by self-reporting of difficulties in Activities of Daily Living (ADLs) and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADLs). Chi-square tests and multiple logistic regression analyses were performed using “R” statistical software. Results: Socioeconomic and demographic inequalities in Brazil can influence FC in seniors aged 80 years and older. Comparatively, urban long-lived people had a higher prevalence of difficulties for ADLs and rural ones showed more difficulties for IADLs. Among urban oldest seniors, female gender and lower-income were correlated with difficulties for IADLs. Among rural oldest seniors, female gender, stroke, joint disease, and inadequate weight independently were correlated with difficulties for ADLs, while the number of chronic diseases was associated with difficulties for IADLs. Conclusion: Financial constraints may favor the development of functional limitations among older seniors in large urban centers. In poor rural areas, inadequate nutritional status and chronic diseases may increase their susceptibility to functional decline.

scholarly journals Prevalence of anxiety in patients admitted to a university hospital in southern Brazil and associated factors

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 644-657 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inês Gullich ◽  
Andrews Barcellos Ramos ◽  
Tiago Rafael Anschau Zan ◽  
Cíntia Scherer ◽  
Raúl Andrés Mendoza-Sassi
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Clinical Ward ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Prevalence Ratios

Objective: To identify the prevalence of anxiety in adults hospitalized in the clinical ward of a university hospital and to analyze the possible associated factors. Method: A cross-sectional study was performed in a university hospital. All interviewees answered a specific questionnaire and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. A Poisson regression was used to calculate prevalence ratios with 95% confidence intervals. Results: 282 patients were enrolled. The prevalence of anxiety was 33.7% (95%CI 28.2 - 39.3). Characteristics associated with the outcome were female gender (RP 2.44), age ≥ 60 years (PR 0.65), consultation in primary health care (PR 2.37), estimated time of contact between patient and student > 30 min (RP 1.36), high blood pressure (PR 1.57), diabetes mellitus (PR 1.43), and obesity (RP 1.43). Conclusion: This study found prevalence of high anxiety. It may be associated with certain characteristics of the patients (gender, age, chronic diseases); the medical appointment in primary care and time (estimated by the patient) that the student remained with this patient. The need for a focused approach to mental health care within the hospital has been discussed for a long time. The particularity of this study refers to the environment of a university hospital and to what extent the environment and the patient's relationship with the student are associated with higher prevalence of anxiety.

Factors Associated With Informational Support in Transitional Care for Older Adults With Chronic Diseases: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 105477382110518
Author(s):  
Gui-Ling Geng ◽  
Wen-Wen Yang ◽  
Xiao-Liu Shi ◽  
Jia-Ning Hua ◽  
Min Cui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Transitional Care ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Informational Support ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Care Survey ◽  
Strobe Statement ◽  
Care Study

To evaluate the current situation and associated factors of informational support for older adults with chronic diseases in transitional care. Study was conducted in five hospitals of five different cities in Jiangsu Province, China. A random cluster sample of 800 older adults with chronic diseases responded to the informational support questionnaire of transitional care survey. Descriptive analysis, t-tests, variance analysis, and stepwise multiple linear regression were used to analyze data. The STROBE statement for observational studies was applied. Total score of ISQTC for older adults with chronic diseases was (44.05 ± 17.21). Marital status, educational level, past occupation, close friends, medical insurance, complications, and exercise habits were significantly correlated with informational support. The level of informational support in transitional care for older adults with chronic diseases was low. Clinical staff should periodically and primarily assess their informational support, help find information resources for those who have low initial informational support, and identify which information they preferred to carry out accurate transitional care.

Abstract 13362: Socio-ecological Variables Influenced Moderate-to-vigorous Intensity Physical Activity Levels Amongst Hospital-based Nurses: A Multi-site Study

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (Suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Law ◽  
daniele chirico ◽  
Tasuku Terada ◽  
Stephanie Prince Ware ◽  
jordan bernick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analyses ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Ecological Variables ◽  
Vigorous Intensity ◽  
Common Barriers

Introduction: Previous research has shown that nurses are not meeting recommended moderate-to-vigorous intensity PA (MVPA) guidelines (≥150 minutes/week) for optimal cardiovascular disease risk reduction. Socio-ecological approaches have been used to explore the determinants of PA levels. We examined personal, social and environmental factors associated with the MVPA levels of Canadian nurses. Methods: Secondary analysis of data from a multi-site cross-sectional study was undertaken. Nurses were recruited from 14 hospitals in Ontario, Canada. An accelerometer (ActiGraph GT3X) was used to measure MVPA levels (minutes/day). Socio-ecological variables were derived from sociodemographic, anthropometric and cardiometabolic data, and questionnaires assessing determinants of PA (Table 1). Multivariate generalized estimating equations (GEE) were used to explore associations between socio-ecological variables and MVPA levels while accounting for hospital sites. Variables were selected for multivariate analyses if they were significant ( p <0.05) in univariate analyses. Results: A total of 257 nurses (42±12 years) had complete accelerometer (≥10 hours of wear time for ≥4 days) and questionnaire data. Of these nurses, 54% were overweight/obese and 6% were smokers. Multivariate analyses showed positive associations between MVPA levels and high perceived capability to exercise despite common barriers (e.g. poor weather; β=0.13, p =0.02) and feeling connected to their exercise peers (β=1.34, p =0.01). Greater shiftwork associated daytime sleepiness and/or insomnia were inversely associated with MVPA levels (β=-4.87, p <0.01). Conclusion: Future endeavors to accentuate nurses’ PA levels should address modifiable socio-ecological variables such as encouraging exercise despite common barriers, and with peers to whom they feel connected. Nurses should consider increasing time spent engaging in MVPA to minimize the negative effects of shiftwork.

scholarly journals Association between a vegetarian diet and emotional symptoms: a cross-sectional study among adolescents in four developing countries

2018 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandra Santivañez-Romani ◽  
Valeria Carbajal-Vega ◽  
Reneé Pereyra-Elías
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Global Analysis ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Vegetarian Diet ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Sentinel Site ◽  
Emotional Symptoms ◽  
Cross Sectional

AbstractBackgroundStudies assessing the association between vegetarianism and mental health have found divergent results. Evidence from adolescents in developing countries is scarce.ObjectiveTo evaluate the association between a vegetarian diet and emotional symptoms in 15-year-old adolescents from Ethiopia, India, Peru and Vietnam.MethodsA cross-sectional, secondary analysis of the Young Lives cohort study was used. The exposure variable was the self-report of being a vegetarian (yes or no). The outcome was the level of emotional symptoms, numerically evaluated using the score obtained in the subscale “Emotional Symptoms” of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). We calculated crude and adjusted coefficients (β) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs), using generalized linear models of the Gaussian family, considering each sentinel site as a cluster. The analysis was stratified by country. Additionally, we made a global analysis including the four countries.ResultsA total of 3484 adolescents were analyzed. The overall prevalence of vegetarianism was 4.4%, but it varied between countries (from 0.4% in Vietnam to 11.5% in India). The average emotional symptoms score was 3.5 [standard deviation (SD) 2.3] points. The scores were not statistically different between vegetarians and non-vegetarians (p > 0.05). In the adjusted analysis, in Vietnam, vegetarians had lower emotional symptoms scores on average than non-vegetarians [β: −1.79; 95% CI: −3.05 to −0.55]. No differences were found neither in the other countries nor in the overall sample.ConclusionThere was no association between a vegetarian diet and emotional symptoms in the analyzed adolescents of four developing countries.

scholarly journals Trends, Coverage and Influencing Determinants of Influenza Vaccination in the Elderly: A Population-Based National Survey in Spain (2006–2017)

Vaccines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 327
Author(s):  
Silvia Portero de la Cruz ◽  
Jesús Cebrino
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Vaccination ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Vaccination Coverage ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Public Health

Influenza is a significant public health problem and the elderly are at a greater risk of contracting the disease. The vaccination coverage of the elderly is below the Spanish target of 65% for each influenza season. The aims of this study were to report the coverage of influenza vaccination in Spain among the population aged ≥65 years and high-risk groups for suffering chronic diseases, to analyze the time trends from 2006 to 2017 and to identify the factors which affect vaccination coverage. A nationwide cross-sectional study was conducted including 20,753 non-institutionalized individuals aged ≥65 years who had participated in the Spanish National Health Surveys in 2006, 2011/2012, and 2017. Sociodemographic, health-related variables, and influenza vaccination data were used. A logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the variables associated with influenza vaccination. Influenza vaccination coverage was 60%. By chronic condition, older people with high cholesterol levels and cancer had the lowest vaccination coverage (62.41% and 60.73%, respectively). This coverage declined from 2006 to 2017 in both groups. Higher influenza vaccination was associated with males, Spanish nationality, normal social support perceived, polypharmacy, worse perceived health, participation in other preventive measures, and increasing age and the number of chronic diseases.

scholarly journals Edentulism, Severe Tooth Loss and Lack of Functional Dentition in Elders: A Study in Southern Brazil

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 345-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camila Garcez Ribeiro ◽  
Andreia Morales Cascaes ◽  
Alexandre Emídio Ribeiro Silva ◽  
Lenise Menezes Seerig ◽  
Gustavo Giacomelli Nascimento ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tooth Loss ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Prosthetic Rehabilitation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Functional Dentition ◽  
Prevalence Ratios ◽  
Degrees Of Severity

Abstract The aim of this study was to estimate self-reported prevalence of edentulism, severe tooth loss and lack of functional dentition in elders, and to identify potential associated factors. A population based cross-sectional study was carried out with 1,451 elders (≥60 years), in Pelotas, RS, Brazil. Crude and adjusted prevalence ratios were estimated using Poisson regressions. The prevalence of edentulism, severe tooth loss and lack of functional dentition was 39.3%, 60.9% and 82.7%, respectively. The factors positively associated with tooth loss in the three-degree severity were sex (females), older individuals, low familial income, low level of schooling and having the last dental visit longer than 24 months ago. The high prevalence of tooth loss in its different degrees of severity and the association with preventable factors highlight the need of programs focused on elders, emphasizing the prevention of tooth loss and need for prosthetic rehabilitation.

scholarly journals Cataract among elderly in Sri Lanka

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.A. Nilanga Nishad ◽  
S.A. Hewage ◽  
K. Arulmoly ◽  
M.S. Amaratunge ◽  
J de Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Screening Programme ◽  
National Level ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Younger Age

AbstractOut of 39 billion people who are blind around the world, 20 billion (51.3%) is due to cataract, which is preventable. This study intended to assess the prevalence and factors associated with cataract among elderly in a divisional secretariat area in Sri Lanka. This community based cross sectional study assessed randomly selected470 adults over 60 years of age. Diagnosis of cataract was made by a slit lamp examination by medical officers, and classified according to Oxford Lens Opacity Classification system (LOCS III). Majority was between 60-69 age groups and 71% was females. The prevalence of cataract was estimated to be 80.6% including operated eye and 73.6% excluding the operated eye, with a female preponderance in lower age categories. Commonest type of cataract was the nuclear type (n=422; 44.9%), with a majority in grade 2 (218; 23.2%). The prevalence of cataract surgery in the diseased population was as low as 7%. Cataract leading to blindness is very prevalent among adults over 60 years of age in the studied area. Females tend to develop the disease at an early age than males. These findings warrant screening programme for elderly at community level, targeting females at a younger age than males. Future studies are recommended to assess the coverage and barriers for cataract surgeries at national level, which would be immensely useful in planning and improving health services.

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