Edentulism, Severe Tooth Loss and Lack of Functional Dentition in Elders: A Study in Southern Brazil

Abstract The aim of this study was to estimate self-reported prevalence of edentulism, severe tooth loss and lack of functional dentition in elders, and to identify potential associated factors. A population based cross-sectional study was carried out with 1,451 elders (≥60 years), in Pelotas, RS, Brazil. Crude and adjusted prevalence ratios were estimated using Poisson regressions. The prevalence of edentulism, severe tooth loss and lack of functional dentition was 39.3%, 60.9% and 82.7%, respectively. The factors positively associated with tooth loss in the three-degree severity were sex (females), older individuals, low familial income, low level of schooling and having the last dental visit longer than 24 months ago. The high prevalence of tooth loss in its different degrees of severity and the association with preventable factors highlight the need of programs focused on elders, emphasizing the prevention of tooth loss and need for prosthetic rehabilitation.

Download Full-text

Are normal-weight adolescents satisfied with their weight?

Sao Paulo Medical Journal ◽

10.1590/1516-3180.2015.01850912 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 134 (3) ◽

pp. 219-227 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Mariana Contiero San Martini ◽

Daniela de Assumpção ◽

Marilisa Berti de Azevedo Barros ◽

Ana Maria Canesqui ◽

Antonio de Azevedo Barros Filho

Keyword(s):

Population Based ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Normal Weight ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

High Prevalence ◽

Health Related ◽

Prevalence Of Obesity ◽

The City ◽

Prevalence Ratios ◽

Domestic Appliances

ABSTRACT: CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: The high prevalence of obesity has led to public policies for combating it. People with normal weight may gain greater awareness of this issue and change their perceptions of their weight. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of body weight dissatisfaction among normal-weight adolescents, according to demographic and socioeconomic variables, health-related behavior and morbidities. DESIGN AND SETTING: Population-based cross-sectional study that used data from a health survey conducted in the city of Campinas, São Paulo, in 2008-2009. METHODS: The prevalence and prevalence ratios of weight dissatisfaction were estimated according to independent variables, by means of simple and multiple Poisson regression. RESULTS: 573 normal-weight adolescents aged 10 to 19 years (mean age 14.7 years) were analyzed. The prevalence of weight dissatisfaction was 43.7% (95% confidence interval, CI: 37.8-49.8). Higher prevalences of weight dissatisfaction were observed among females, individuals aged 15 to 19 years, those whose households had eight or more domestic appliances, former smokers, individuals who reported alcohol intake and those who had one or more chronic diseases. Lower prevalence of dissatisfaction was observed among adolescents living in substandard housing. Among the normal-weight adolescents, 26.1% wished to lose weight and 17.6% wished to gain weight. CONCLUSION: The results from this study indicate that even when weight is seen to be within the normal range, a high proportion of adolescents express dissatisfaction with their weight, especially females, older adolescents and those of higher socioeconomic level.

Download Full-text

Minerals Intake Distributions in a Large Sample of Iranian at-Risk Population Using the National Cancer Institute Method: Do They Meet Their Requirements?

International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research ◽

10.1024/0300-9831/a000232 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 85 (3-4) ◽

pp. 129-144 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Zahra Heidari ◽

Awat Feizi ◽

Leila Azadbakht ◽

Nizal Sarrafzadegan

Keyword(s):

At Risk ◽

National Cancer Institute ◽

Population Based ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Normal Function ◽

Dietary Intakes ◽

Middle Aged ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Nutritional Interventions ◽

High Prevalence

Abstract. Background: Minerals are required for the body’s normal function. Aim: The current study assessed the intake distribution of minerals and estimated the prevalence of inadequacy and excess among a representative sample of healthy middle aged and elderly Iranian people. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, the second follow up to the Isfahan Cohort Study (ICS), 1922 generally healthy people aged 40 and older were investigated. Dietary intakes were collected using 24 hour recalls and two or more consecutive food records. Distribution of minerals intake was estimated using traditional (averaging dietary intake days) and National Cancer Institute (NCI) methods, and the results obtained from the two methods, were compared. The prevalence of minerals intake inadequacy or excess was estimated using the estimated average requirement (EAR) cut-point method, the probability approach and the tolerable upper intake levels (UL). Results: There were remarkable differences between values obtained using traditional and NCI methods, particularly in the lower and upper percentiles of the estimated intake distributions. A high prevalence of inadequacy of magnesium (50 - 100 %), calcium (21 - 93 %) and zinc (30 - 55 % for males > 50 years) was observed. Significant gender differences were found regarding inadequate intakes of calcium (21 - 76 % for males vs. 45 - 93 % for females), magnesium (92 % vs. 100 %), iron (0 vs. 15 % for age group 40 - 50 years) and zinc (29 - 55 % vs. 0 %) (all; p < 0.05). Conclusion: Severely imbalanced intakes of magnesium, calcium and zinc were observed among the middle-aged and elderly Iranian population. Nutritional interventions and population-based education to improve healthy diets among the studied population at risk are needed.

Download Full-text

Status and disparities of diabetes among urban and rural residents aged 40 years and older: insight from a population-based study in northeast China, 2017–2019

Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health ◽

10.1136/jech-2020-213755 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. jech-2020-213755

Author(s):

Liying Xing ◽

Yuanmeng Tian ◽

Li Jing ◽

Min Lin ◽

Zhi Du ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Northeast China ◽

Population Based ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Haemoglobin A1c ◽

Rural Residents ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

High Prevalence

ObjectivesTo evaluate the up-to-date epidemiology of diabetes in northeast China.MethodsThe cross-sectional study was conducted between September 2017 and March 2019 using a multistage, stratified and cluster random sampling method. 18 796 participants (28.9% urban and 71.1% rural) aged ≥40 years were enrolled. Diabetes and pre-diabetes were diagnosed according to the history, fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and glycosylated haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels.ResultsThe prevalence of diabetes was 17.1%, higher in urban than in rural residents (20.2% vs 15.8%, p<0.001). Meanwhile, the prevalence of pre-diabetes was 44.3%, higher in rural than in urban areas (49.4% vs 31.8%, p<0.001). The overall FPG and HbA1c were 6.10±1.94 mmol/L and 5.59%±1.08%. The FPG level was higher in rural area than in urban areas (6.15±1.83 mmol/L vs 5.97±2.18 mmol/L, p<0.001). Among participants with diabetes, 47.5% were aware of their diabetes condition; 39.5% were taking antidiabetic medications and 36.8% of people had their diabetes controlled. The awareness and treatment rates in rural areas were lower than those in urban areas (47.3% vs 57.5%, 34.4% vs 49.5%, p<0.001). Patients with diabetic, especially those in rural areas, tended to have multiple risk factors including hypertension (71.7%), overweight or obesity (69.6%) and dyslipidaemia (52.8%).ConclusionA considerable burden of diabetes was observed in northeast China, with high percentage of untreated diabetes, high prevalence of pre-diabetes, high overall FPG level and multiple uncontrolled risk factors in patients with diabetics. Therefore, region-specific strategies on prevention and management of diabetes should be emphasised.

Download Full-text

Locked Mouths: Tooth Loss in a Women’s Prison in Northeastern Brazil

The Scientific World JOURNAL ◽

10.1155/2014/587469 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Iris Sant’ Anna Araújo Rodrigues ◽

Ingrid Thays de Melo Silveira ◽

Magaly Suênya de Almeida Pinto ◽

Alidianne Fabia Cabral Xavier ◽

Thaliny Batista Sarmento de Oliveira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oral Health ◽

Tooth Loss ◽

Statistical Tests ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Health Condition ◽

Northeastern Brazil ◽

Prosthetic Rehabilitation ◽

Dental Services ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Women's Prison

Background. Prisoners, in general, exhibit unsatisfactory oral conditions, especially with regard to the large number of missing teeth and with untreated caries. The aim of this study was to assess tooth loss, use of and need for prosthetic rehabilitation, and use of dental services among inmates. A cross-sectional study involving 65 inmates was developed at the Regional Women’s Prison of Campina Grande, Brazil. Data regarding sociodemographic and sentencing profile, use of dental services, dental morbidity, and self-perceived oral health impacts were investigated. Chi-square, Pearson, and Kruskal-Wallis (P<0.05) statistical tests were used. The mean tooth loss was 11.3 teeth. Significant association between tooth loss and oral health satisfaction (P=0.049), self-perceived need for dental prosthesis (P<0.001), uncomfortable teeth brushing (P=0.005), difficult speaking (P=0.002), and difficulty in performing routine tasks (P=0.025) was observed. It was observed that 29.2% of inmates were using some type of prosthesis, all deemed unsuitable for use, and 78.5% of inmates needed prosthetic rehabilitation. The oral health condition of the population studied was found to be poor, and prisoners showed significant tooth loss and need for dentures, with the aggravation of having tooth extraction as the major reason for seeking dental care.

Download Full-text

The prevalence of lower eyelid epiblepharon and its association with refractive errors in Chinese preschool children: a cross-sectional study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-51866/v3 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Deyi Zhuo ◽

Si Chen ◽

Xiaofang Ren ◽

Bingsong Wang ◽

Linbo Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Preschool Children ◽

Lower Eyelid ◽

Population Based ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Refractive Errors ◽

Slit Lamp ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

High Prevalence ◽

Beijing China

Abstract Background: To assess the prevalence and demographics of lower eyelid epiblepharon in Chinese preschool children and to evaluate its association with refractive errors.Methods: In this population-based, cross-sectional study, a total of 3,170 children aged 3 to 6 years from Beijing, China underwent examinations including weight, height, cycloplegic autorefraction and slit-lamp examination of external eyes. The prevalence of lower eyelid epiblepharon in preschool children was evaluated and its association with age, sex, body mass index (BMI), and refractive errors was analyzed using logistic regression analysis.Results: The prevalence of lower eyelid epiblepharon was 26.2%, which decreased with age, with prevalence in 3-, 4-, 5-, and 6-year-olds of 30.6%, 28.0%, 15.0%, and 14.3%, respectively. Boys had a higher risk of having epiblepharon than girls (OR = 1.41; 95%CI, (1.20-1.66)) and no significant correlation was detected between BMI and epiblepharon after adjusting for age and sex (p = 0.062). Epiblepharon was significantly associated with a higher risk of refractive errors, including astigmatism (OR = 3.41; 95% CI, (2.68-4.33)), myopia (OR = 3.55; 95% CI, (1.86-6.76)), and hyperopia (OR = 1.53; 95% CI, (1.18-1.99)). Conclusions: There is a high prevalence of lower eyelid epiblepharon in Chinese preschool children, particularly among boys and younger children. Preschoolers with lower eyelid epiblepharon are subject to a higher risk of developing astigmatism, myopia, and hyperopia, than those without. Increased attention should be paid to this eyelid abnormality in the preschool population.

Download Full-text

The prevalence of lower eyelid epiblepharon and its association with refractive errors in Chinese preschool children: a cross-sectional study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-51866/v2 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Deyi Zhuo ◽

Si Chen ◽

Xiaofang Ren ◽

Bingsong Wang ◽

Linbo Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Preschool Children ◽

Lower Eyelid ◽

Population Based ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Refractive Errors ◽

Slit Lamp ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

High Prevalence ◽

Beijing China

Abstract Background: To assess the prevalence and demographics of lower eyelid epiblepharon in Chinese preschool children and to evaluate its association with refractive errors. Methods: In this population-based, cross-sectional study , a total of 3,170 children aged 3 to 6 years from Beijing, China underwent examinations including weight, height, cycloplegic autorefraction and slit-lamp examination of external eyes. The adjusted odds ratios (AORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated to evaluate. The prevalence of lower eyelid epiblepharon in preschool children and its association with refractive errors were analyzed. Results: The prevalence of lower eyelid epiblepharon was 26.2%, which decreased with age with 3-, 4-, 5-, and 6-year-old being 30.6%, 28.0%, 15.0%, and 14.3%, respectively. Boys had a higher risk of having epiblepharon than girls with ORs = 1.41 (95%CI, 1.20-1.66) and no significant correlation was detected between BMI and epiblepharon after adjustment of age and sex. Epiblepharon was associated with significantly higher risk of refractive errors including astigmatism (OR = 3.41; 95% CI, (2.68-4.33)), myopia (OR = 3.55; 95%CI, (1.86-6.76)), and hyperopia (OR = 1.53; 95% CI, (1.18-1.99)). Among astigmatic epiblepharon preschoolers, with-the-rule is predominant (80.9%) and epiblepharon severity was associated with astigmatism severity (p = 0.019). Conclusions: There is a high prevalence of lower eyelid epiblepharon in Chinese preschool children, particularly among boys and the youngers. Preschoolers with lower eyelid epiblepharon are subject to higher risk of developing astigmatism, myopia, and hyperopia, than those without. An increased attention should be paid to this eyelid abnormality in preschool population.

Download Full-text

VITAMIN E INTAKE AND FOOD SOURCES IN ADOLESCENT DIET: A CROSS-SECTIONAL POPULATION-BASED STUDY

Revista Paulista de Pediatria ◽

10.1590/1984-0462/2021/39/2019295 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 39 ◽

Author(s):

Karyne Sumico de Lima Uyeno Jordão ◽

Daniela de Assumpção ◽

Marilisa Berti de Azevedo Barros ◽

Antonio de Azevedo Barros Filho

Keyword(s):

Vitamin E ◽

Nutrient Content ◽

Population Based ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Food Sources ◽

Food Groups ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Relative Contribution ◽

High Prevalence

ABSTRACT Objective: To assess vitamin E intake and its relationship with sociodemographic variables, and to identify the main dietary sources of the nutrient in the diet of adolescents. Methods: This is a population-based cross-sectional study that used data from 891 adolescents living in Campinas, SP, participating in ISACamp 2014/15 (Health Survey) and ISACamp-Nutri 2015/16 (Food Consumption and Nutritional Status Survey). The nutrient intake averages were estimated using the Generalized Linear Model, adjusted for the total energy of the diet. Dietary sources of vitamin E were identified from the calculation of the relative contribution. Results: The average vitamin E intake was 3.2 mg for adolescents aged 10 to 13 years and 3.5 mg for those aged 14 to 19 years, results far below the recommended values of 9 and 12 mg, respectively. The prevalence of inadequacy was 92.5%. Ten foods/food groups represented 85.7% of vitamin E present in the adolescents’ diet; the vegetable oils group accounted for more than a quarter of the contribution (25.5%), followed by cookies (9.1%) and beans (8.9%). Conclusions: There were a low intake and a high prevalence of inadequate vitamin E intake among adolescents in Campinas, with vegetable oil as the main source. For the total number of adolescents, almost 33% of the nutrient content was derived from foods of poor nutritional quality such as cookies, packaged snacks, and margarine. The results of this study can guide public health actions that aim to improve the quality of adolescents’ diets.

Download Full-text

The association between individual and contextual factors and functional dentition status among adults in Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil: a multilevel study

Cadernos de Saúde Pública ◽

10.1590/s0102-311x2011000100018 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 27 (1) ◽

pp. 173-182 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Annie Pozeczek Koltermann ◽

Jessye Melgarejo do Amaral Giordani ◽

Marcos Pascoal Pattussi

Keyword(s):

Urban Areas ◽

Tooth Loss ◽

Contextual Factors ◽

Level Structure ◽

Total Sample ◽

Population Based ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Younger Adults ◽

Population Based Study ◽

Functional Dentition

Functional dentition plays an important role in maintaining masticatory function, which is closely related to the number of teeth present in the mouth. The objective of this study was to investigate the association between individual and contextual factors and functional dentition (defined as the presence of at least 20 teeth) in Brazilian adults. This was a multilevel cross-sectional population-based study with a two-level structure and a total sample of 10,407 adults from 84 municipalities (counties). The exposures at both levels were demographic, socioeconomic, and oral health treatment-related. Multivariate analyses showed that higher prevalence rates of functional dentition were associated (p < 0.01) with municipalities having higher mean income and fluoridated water supply and with individuals living in urban areas, younger adults, males, those with more schooling and higher income, those that reported having visited the dentist in the previous 12 months, and those with access to information on prevention. The findings suggest that research on tooth loss and functional dentition should take different socioeconomic factors into account.

Download Full-text

A Cross-Sectional Study to Find Prevalence and Risk Factors for Childhood Asthma in Pune City, India

ISRN Public Health ◽

10.5402/2012/361456 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Maria Cheraghi ◽

Alireza Dadgarinejad ◽

Sundeep Salvi

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Public Schools ◽

Childhood Asthma ◽

Population Based ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Current Prevalence ◽

High Prevalence ◽

Potential Risk Factors ◽

History Of

We aimed to determine current prevalence of asthma and risk factors associated with it in Pune, India. Methods. This was a cross-sectional school-population-based study in which parents of school children aged 6-7 and 13-14 were administered an ISAAC questionnaire and an additional set of questions that detected the presence of potential risk factors known to be associated with asthma during 2008-2009 academic years. Results. Prevalence of current asthma was 6.7% (7% amongst 6-7-year olds and 6.3% amongst 13-14 year olds. Asthma was more common amongst boys (8.1%) than girls (4.9%) and more frequent in students studying in private schools (7.3%) than in those studying in public schools (5.8%). Risk factors such as family history of atopy, caesarian delivery, use of biomass fuel for cooking, absence of separate kitchen, absence of exclusive breastfeeding during the first 6 months of life, preterm birth, snoring, dampness at home, male sex, and parental smoking were significantly associated with asthma. Conclusion. There was a high prevalence of childhood asthma in Pune, India, which was associated with genetic and environmental risk factors.

Download Full-text

Use of prescribed and non-prescribed medications among children living in poor areas in the city of Salvador, Bahia State, Brazil

Cadernos de Saúde Pública ◽

10.1590/s0102-311x2011001000016 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 27 (10) ◽

pp. 2032-2040 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Djanilson Barbosa dos Santos ◽

Mauricio Lima Barreto ◽

Helena Lutescia Luna Coelho

Keyword(s):

Prescription Drugs ◽

Population Based ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Population Based Study ◽

Head Of Household ◽

High Prevalence ◽

Poor Children ◽

Systemic Antibiotics ◽

The City

A cross-sectional study of children living in poor areas in the city of Salvador, Bahia State, Brazil, was carried out in 2006 to investigate the prevalence of use of prescribed and non-prescribed medication. This population-based study included 1,382 children aged 4-11 years. The use prescribed and non-prescribed medication during the 15 day period preceding the interview was adopted as the dependent variable. Of the 1,382 children, 663 (48%) had used at least one type of medication in the 15 days prior to the interview: in 267 cases (40.3%), mothers reported that the child had taken prescribed medication, while in 396 cases (59.7%), the child had taken medication that had not been prescribed by a physician. The most commonly prescribed drugs were analgesics (42.3%), systemic antibiotics (21.3%) and antiasthmatic (16.5%). With respect to non-prescribed drugs, the most common were analgesics (65.2%), antitussives (15.7%) and vitamins (9.3%). The results show a high prevalence of the use of non-prescription drugs among poor children, and large drug purchases of drugs by the head of household, highlighting deficiencies in coverage of the health system.

Download Full-text