Highly Sensitive THz Refractive Index Sensor Based on Folded Split-Ring Metamaterial Graphene Resonators

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad-Reza Nickpay ◽  
Mohammad Danaie ◽  
Ali Shahzadi
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Biomedical Application ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Peak Frequency ◽  
Refractive Index Sensor ◽  
Split Ring ◽  
Perfect Absorption ◽  
Sensing Applications ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Dc Bias

Abstract A highly sensitive absorption-based sensor based on folded split-ring metamaterial graphene resonators (FSRMGRs) is designed, and its biomedical application in terahertz (THz) spectrum is investigated. The sensor has a nearly perfect absorption with a spectral absorption coefficient of 99.75% at 4 THz, with a high Q-factor (average) of 13.76. The resonance peak frequency is sensitive to the refractive index (RI) of the test medium (analyte) and a fairly high sensitivity of 851 GHz/RIU has been obtained. The specifications of the sensor can be tuned by an external DC-bias voltage applied to the graphene layer. According to the obtained results, the developed absorber appears to be a good candidate bio-sensing applications.

scholarly journals Hybrid Grating in Reduced-Diameter Fiber for Temperature-Calibrated High-Sensitivity Refractive Index Sensing

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1923
Author(s):  
Biqiang Jiang ◽  
Zhen Hao ◽  
Dingyi Feng ◽  
Kaiming Zhou ◽  
Lin Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Simultaneous Measurement ◽  
Surrounding Medium ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Fiber Grating ◽  
Bragg Resonance ◽  
Core Mode ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Sensing Applications ◽  
Highly Sensitive

We propose and experimentally demonstrate a hybrid grating, in which an excessively tilted fiber grating (Ex-TFG) and a fiber Bragg grating (FBG) were co-inscribed in a reduced-diameter fiber (RDF). The hybrid grating showed strong resonances due to coupling among core mode and a set of polarization-dependent cladding modes. This coupling showed enhanced evanescent fields by the reduced cladding size, thus allowing stronger interaction with the surrounding medium. Moreover, the FBG’s Bragg resonance confined by the thick cladding was exempt from the change of the surrounding medium’s refractive index (RI), and then the FBG can work as a temperature compensator. As a result, the Ex-TFG in RDF promised a highly sensitive RI measurement, with a sensitivity up to ~1224 nm/RIU near the RI of 1.38. Through simultaneous measurement of temperature and RI, the temperature dependence of water’s RI is then determined. Therefore, the proposed hybrid grating with a spectrum of multi-peaks embedded with a sharp Bragg resonance is a promising alternative for the simultaneous measurement of multi-parameters for many RI-based sensing applications.

scholarly journals Highly compact refractive index sensor based on stripe waveguides for lab-on-a-chip sensing applications

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 751-757 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chamanei Perera ◽  
Kristy Vernon ◽  
Elliot Cheng ◽  
Juna Sathian ◽  
Esa Jaatinen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Linear Response ◽  
Lab On A Chip ◽  
Refractive Index Sensor ◽  
Label Free ◽  
Output Intensity ◽  
Sensing Applications ◽  
Index Analysis ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Index Unit

In this paper we report the design and experimental realisation of a novel refractive index sensor based on coupling between three nanoscale stripe waveguides. The sensor is highly compact and designed to operate at a single wavelength. We demonstrate that the sensor exhibits linear response with a resolution of 6 × 10−4 RIU (refractive index unit) for a change in relative output intensity of 1%. Authors expect that the outcome of this paper will prove beneficial in highly compact, label-free and highly sensitive refractive index analysis.

scholarly journals A Highly Sensitive Refractive Index Sensor Based on a V-Shaped Photonic Crystal Fiber with a High Refractive Index Range

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
pp. 3782
Author(s):  
Xin Yan ◽  
Rao Fu ◽  
Tonglei Cheng ◽  
Shuguang Li
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Photonic Crystal ◽  
Photonic Crystal Fiber ◽  
High Refractive Index ◽  
Refractive Index Sensor ◽  
Chemical Production ◽  
Refractive Index Sensitivity ◽  
Crystal Fiber ◽  
Sensing Applications ◽  
Highly Sensitive

This paper proposes a highly sensitive surface plasmon resonance (SPR) refractive index sensor based on the photonic crystal fiber (PCF). The optical properties of the PCF are investigated by modulating the refractive index of a liquid analyte. The finite element method (FEM) is used to calculate and analyze the PCF structure. After optimization, the fiber can achieve high linearity of 0.9931 and an average refractive index sensitivity of up to 14,771.4 nm/RIU over a refractive index range from 1.47 to 1.52, with the maximum wavelength sensitivity of 18,000.5 nm/RIU. The proposed structure can be used in various sensing applications, including biological monitoring, environmental monitoring, and chemical production with the modification and analysis of the proposed structure.

scholarly journals A Theoretical Terahertz Metamaterial Absorber Structure with a High Quality Factor Using Two Circular Ring Resonators for Biomedical Sensing

Inventions ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 78
Author(s):  
Sagnik Banerjee ◽  
Uddipan Nath ◽  
Purba Dutta ◽  
Amitkumar Vidyakant Jha ◽  
Bhargav Appasani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Quality Factor ◽  
Metamaterial Absorber ◽  
Circular Ring ◽  
Ring Resonators ◽  
Radiation Absorption ◽  
Refractive Index Sensor ◽  
Perfect Absorption ◽  
Biomedical Sensing ◽  
Sensing Applications

Metamaterial absorbers, on account of their inherent property of electromagnetic radiation absorption, have become a center of attraction for many researchers in recent times. This paper proposes a unique design of a terahertz metamaterial absorber that can be used to sense biomedical samples. The proposed design consists of two identical circular ring resonators (CRRs) made of aluminum on top of a gallium arsenide (GaAs) substrate. On account of its high field confinement in the sensing regime, a near-to-perfect absorption rate of 99.50% is achieved at a frequency of 2.64 THz, along with a large quality factor (Q-Factor) of 44. The design is highly sensitive to the refractive index changes in the encompassing medium. Hence, the proposed absorber can be used as a refractive index sensor exhibiting a reasonable sensitivity of 1500 GHz/RIU and a figure of merit (FoM) of 25. The refractive index range has been varied in the range of 1.34 to 1.39. As many biomedical samples, including cancerous cells, reside within this range, the proposed sensor can be used for biomedical sensing applications.

scholarly journals Study on the Nanosensor Based on a MIM Waveguide with a Stub Coupled with a Horizontal B-Type Cavity

Photonics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 125
Author(s):  
Shubin Yan ◽  
Haoran Shi ◽  
Xiaoyu Yang ◽  
Jing Guo ◽  
Wenchang Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Spectral Characteristics ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Refractive Index Sensor ◽  
Plasmonic Sensors ◽  
Sensing Applications ◽  
Compact Size ◽  
Metal Insulator Metal ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Mim Waveguide

Due to their compact size and high sensitivity, plasmonic sensors have become a hot topic in the sensing field. A nanosensor structure, comprising the metal–insulator–metal (MIM) waveguide with a stub and a horizontal B-Type cavity, is designed as a refractive index sensor. The spectral characteristics of proposed structure are analyzed via the finite element method (FEM). The results show that there is a sharp Fano resonance profile, which is excited by a coupling between the MIM waveguide and the horizontal B-Type cavity. The normalized HZ field is affected by the difference value between the outer radii R1 and R2 of the semi-circle of the horizontal B-Type cavity greatly. The influence of every element of the whole system on sensing properties is discussed in depth. The sensitivity of the proposed structure can obtain 1548 nm/RIU (refractive index unit) with a figure of merit of 59. The proposed structure has potential in nanophotonic sensing applications.

scholarly journals An Electrically Tunable Dual-Wavelength Refractive Index Sensor Based on a Metagrating Structure Integrating Epsilon-Near-Zero Materials

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
pp. 2301
Author(s):  
Zhenya Meng ◽  
Hailin Cao ◽  
Run Liu ◽  
Xiaodong Wu
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Indium Tin Oxide ◽  
Figure Of Merit ◽  
Refractive Index Sensor ◽  
Perfect Absorption ◽  
Metal Insulator ◽  
Sensing Platform ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Metal Insulator Metal ◽  
Epsilon Near Zero

In this paper, a reconfigurable sensing platform based on an asymmetrical metal-insulator-metal stacked structure integrating an indium tin oxide (ITO) ultrathin film is proposed and investigated numerically. The epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) mode and antisymmetric mode can be resonantly excited, generating near-perfect absorption of over 99.7% at 1144 and 1404 nm, respectively. The absorptivity for the ENZ mode can be modulated from 90.2% to 98.0% by varying the ENZ wavelength of ITO by applying different voltages. To obtain a highly sensitive biosensor, we show that the proposed structure has a full-width at half-maximum (FWHM) of 8.65 nm and a figure-of-merit (FOM) of 24.7 with a sensitivity of 213.3 nm/RI (refractive index) for the glucose solution. Our proposed device has potential for developing tunable biosensors for real-time health monitoring.

scholarly journals High-Sensitivity Terahertz Refractive Index Sensor in a Multilayered Structure with Graphene

Nanomaterials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiao Tang ◽  
Yunyang Ye ◽  
Jiao Xu ◽  
Zhiwei Zheng ◽  
Xiangliang Jin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Multilayered Structure ◽  
Monolayer Graphene ◽  
Refractive Index Sensor ◽  
Optical Resonance ◽  
Graphene Layers ◽  
Terahertz Band ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Terahertz Frequencies

In this paper, we propose a high-sensitivity optical sensor at terahertz frequencies based on a composite structure containing a one-dimensional photonic crystal (1D PC) coated with a layer of monolayer graphene. Between the 1D PC and the graphene there is a sensing medium. This high-sensitivity phenomenon originates from the excitation of optical resonance between the graphene and the 1D PC. The proposed sensor is highly sensitive to the Fermi energy of graphene, the thickness and refractive index of the sensing medium, and the number of graphene layers. By selecting appropriate parameters, the maximum sensitivity ( 407.36 ∘ / RIU ) is obtained. We believe the proposed configuration is promising for fabricating graphene-based biosensor- or gas-sensor devices and other related applications in the terahertz band.

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