scholarly journals Factors Associated With Death in Confirmed Cases of COVID-19 in the State of Rio De Janeiro

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcella Cini Oliveira ◽  
Tatiana de Araujo Eleuterio ◽  
Allan Bruno de Andrade Corrêa ◽  
Lucas Dalsenter Romano da Silva ◽  
Renata Coelho Rodrigues ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skin Color ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Severe Form ◽  
The State ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Unified Health System ◽  
Independent Variable

Abstract Background: We analyzed the factors associated with death in confirmed cases of COVID-19 in the state of Rio de Janeiro. This cross-sectional study evaluated the association between individual demographic, clinical, and epidemiological variables and the outcome (death) using data from the Unified Health System information systems.Methods: We used the extreme boosting gradient (XGBoost) model to analyze the data, which uses decision trees weighted by the estimation difficulty. To evaluate the relevance of each independent variable, we used the SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) metric. From the probabilities generated by the XGBoost model, we transformed the data to the logarithm of odds to estimate the odds ratio for each independent variable.Results: This study showed that older individuals of black race/skin color with heart disease or diabetes who had dyspnea or fever were more likely to die.Conclusions: The early identification of patients who may progress to a more severe form of the disease can help improve the clinical management of patients with COVID-19 and is thus essential to reduce the lethality of the disease.

scholarly journals Fatores associados ao óbito em casos confirmados de COVID-19 no estado do Rio de Janeiro

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcella Cini Oliveira ◽  
Tatiana de Araujo Eleuterio ◽  
Allan Bruno de Andrade Corrêa ◽  
Lucas Dalsenter Romano da Silva ◽  
Renata Coelho Rodrigues ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skin Color ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Severe Form ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Unified Health System ◽  
Health System Information ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
Using Data

Abstract Background COVID-19 can occur asymptomatically, as influenza-like illness, or as more severe forms, which characterize severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). Its mortality rate is higher in individuals over 80 years of age and in people with comorbidities, so these constitute the risk group for severe forms of the disease. We analyzed the factors associated with death in confirmed cases of COVID-19 in the state of Rio de Janeiro. This cross-sectional study evaluated the association between individual demographic, clinical, and epidemiological variables and the outcome (death) using data from the Unified Health System information systems. Methods We used the extreme boosting gradient (XGBoost) model to analyze the data, which uses decision trees weighted by the estimation difficulty. To evaluate the relevance of each independent variable, we used the SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) metric. From the probabilities generated by the XGBoost model, we transformed the data to the logarithm of odds to estimate the odds ratio for each independent variable. Results This study showed that older individuals of black race/skin color with heart disease or diabetes who had dyspnea or fever were more likely to die. Conclusions The early identification of patients who may progress to a more severe form of the disease can help improve the clinical management of patients with COVID-19 and is thus essential to reduce the lethality of the disease.

scholarly journals Use of the Brazilian People’s Pharmacy Program by older adults

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa Iribarrem Avena Miranda ◽  
Anaclaudia Gastal Fassa ◽  
Rodrigo Dalke Meucci ◽  
Bárbara Heather Lutz
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Skin Color ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Occupational Status ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Unified Health System

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To assess the prevalence and factors associated with the use of the expanded Brazilian People’s Pharmacy Program among older adults and the reasons for not using it. METHODS In this population-based cross-sectional study conducted in the urban area of Pelotas, RS, Southern Brazil, we evaluated 1,305 older adults (aged 60 years or over) who had used medication in the last 15 days. Independent variables were socioeconomic factors, economic status, household income in minimum wages, educational attainment in years of schooling and occupational status. Demographic variables were sex, age, marital status, and self-reported skin color/race. Poisson regression was employed to analyze the factors associated with the use of the program. RESULTS The prevalence of use was 57.0% whilst the prevalence of knowledge of the program was 87.0%. In individuals aged 80 years or over, use of the program was 41.0%. As to the origin of the prescriptions used by older adults, 46.0% were from the Brazilian Unified Health System. The main reasons for not using the program were: difficulty in getting prescriptions, medication shortage, and ignorance about the medications offered and about the program. Higher age, lower income, presence of chronic diseases, and use of four or more medications were associated with use of the program. CONCLUSIONS It is necessary to expand the knowledge and use of the Brazilian People’s Pharmacy Program, especially among older adults, and to improve the dissemination of its list of medications to users and physicians. Thus it will be possible to reduce spending on long-term medications, which are especially important for this population.

scholarly journals Prevalence and factors associated with nutritional deviations in women in the pre-pregnancy phase in two municipalities of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniele Marano ◽  
Silvana Granado Nogueira da Gama ◽  
Rosa Maria Soares Madeira Domingues ◽  
Paulo Roberto Borges de Souza Junior
Keyword(s):  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
The State ◽  
The Body ◽  
Nutritional Risk ◽  
Institute Of Medicine ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated

OBJECTIVE: To assess the prevalence and potential factors associated with pre-pregnancy nutritional status of women. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study carried out between December 2007 and November 2008 with 1,535 women in the first trimester of pregnancy and randomly selected in health units of the Brazilian public health system (SUS) in the municipalities of Queimados and Petrópolis in the State of Rio de Janeiro. The diagnosis of nutritional deviations was based on the Body Mass Index, according to the classification of the Institute of Medicine, and the following categories were obtained: underweight, normal weight, overweight and obesity. In the statistical analysis, the multinomial logistic regression model was used and an odds ratio and confidence interval of 95% were estimated. RESULTS: The sample included women between 13 and 45 years. The prevalence of underweight, overweight and obesity were 10, 18 and 11%, respectively. Women living in Queimados, adolescents, women who did not live with a partner and smokers had a higher proportion of low pre-pregnancy weight. There was an association between hypertension, overweight and obesity. Adolescents presented lower chance to overweight and obesity. Living in Queimados reduced the odds of overweight. CONCLUSION: The proportion of pre-pregnancy nutritional deviations was high, and recognizing factors that lead to them is very important for an early identification of women at nutritional risk, with view to interventions to reduce the adverse effects of malnutrition on maternal and child health.

scholarly journals Incidence of variant hemoglobins in newborns attended by a public health laboratory

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Flávia Mylla de Sousa Reis ◽  
Renata Rodrigues de Oliveira Castelo Branco ◽  
Amanda Mota Conceição ◽  
Letícia Paula Benvindo Trajano ◽  
José Felipe Pinheiro do Nascimento Vieira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neonatal Screening ◽  
Skin Color ◽  
Population Distribution ◽  
Sickle Cell Trait ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The State ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Entre Rios

ABSTRACT Objective To evaluate the incidence of variant hemoglobins in different health regions. Methods A descriptive, observational, and cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach based on secondary data in the internal records of the neonatal screening service - Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública do Estado do Piauí (PI, Brazil). The variables related to sex, ethnicity and positive diagnosis for variant hemoglobins were analyzed, with further population distribution of hemoglobinopathies among the macroregions of the state. Results A total of 69,180 samples of newborns were analyzed, and 3,747 were diagnosed as hemoglobinopathies, from February 1st, 2014 and December 31st, 2015. Sickle cell trait was the most frequent (4.1%), followed by hemoglobinopathy C in 0.9%; homozygous hemoglobin S cases 0.1% stood out and there were no cases of hemoglobinopathy D in the state. It is also worth noting that the highest frequencies of hemoglobin alterations in Piauí were in males (49.8%) and of parda skin color (38.5%). The region of Piauí presenting the highest incidence of heteroygous variant hemoglobins was Tabuleiros do Alto Parnaíba and Vale do Sambito, due to importance of the region's population Entre Rios. Conclusion Neonatal screening programs are important for screening, orientations regarding health actions and monitoring of families with hemoglobinopathies, in order to reduce morbidity and mortality rates.

scholarly journals Factors associated with career intention in primary health care among medical students

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Camila Zamban de Miranda ◽  
Frantchesca Fripp dos Santos ◽  
Karina Cenci Pertile ◽  
Simone de Melo Costa ◽  
Antônio Prates Caldeira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Career Intention ◽  
Unified Health System ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Career Options

Abstract: Introduction: Health assistance reorganization has been oriented, since the Unified Health System (SUS) creation, by a proposal of expansion and strengthening of Primary Health Care (PHC). In this context, the scarcity of trained professionals is considered one of the main challenges for PHC consolidation. Among the career options after graduation, most physicians choose to seek focal specializations to work in other health care levels. Objective: Therefore, this quantitative study aims to analyze the prevalence and associated factors of medical students’ interest in following a career in PHC. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted with medical students attending the last two years in four medical schools in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. A total of 524 students participated by answering a self-administered questionnaire, which was prepared by the authors, including questions regarding sociodemographic and economic profile, interaction with PHC during undergraduate school, career intention and intention to attend the Family and Community Medicine Residency (FCMR) program. Results: The results showed that 26.3% of the respondents indicated interest in following a career in PHC, a higher percentage when compared to previous studies. Regarding PHC being a temporary work choice, 79,3% of the participants indicated that they intend to work in this field after graduation. Ten percent of the students informed they intend to attend the FCMR program. Among the factors associated with the intention to work in PHC, a successful PHC experience during undergraduate school stands out. Conclusion: The results should be taken into consideration by health and medical education managers, fostering strategies that promote successful PHC experiences, encouraging learning-service integration and including students in a consolidated PHC network during undergraduate school. Initiatives such as increasing the workload in PHC during undergraduate school, increasing the number of FMC specialized teachers and health network improvement in the municipalities where these Higher Education Institutions are located can be powerful actions toward increasing the graduating students’ interest to work in PHC.

scholarly journals Vaccination against influenza among pregnant women in southern Brazil and associated factors

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (12) ◽  
pp. 4655-4664
Author(s):  
Raúl Andrés Mendoza-Sassi ◽  
Angélica Ozório Linhares ◽  
Franciane Maria Machado Schroeder ◽  
Nathalia Matties Maas ◽  
Seiko Nomiyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prenatal Care ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Public Service ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Tetanus Vaccination ◽  
Independent Variable

Abstract This article aims to identify the prevalence and factors associated with influenza vaccination in pregnant women. This is a cross-sectional study conducted in a municipality in the southernmost region of Brazil, which included all women giving birth in 2016. The outcome was having received the vaccine against influenza during pregnancy. Sociodemographic, behavioral and prenatal care characteristics and morbidities were analyzed. The analysis included sample description, the prevalence of vaccination for each independent variable and a multivariate analysis. Two thousand six hundred ninety-four pregnant women were interviewed, of which 53.9% reported having been vaccinated. Factors associated with increased prevalence of vaccination were mother’s higher schooling, prenatal care, tetanus vaccination and prenatal care performed in a public service. On the other hand, prenatal care onset after the first quarter reduced the prevalence of vaccination. The results point to the need to reinforce the importance of vaccination against influenza among pregnant women and among health professionals, regardless of the severity of the current epidemiological setting.

Prevalence and Associated Factors of Playing-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders in Brazilian Violin Players

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederico B Kochem ◽  
Julio G Silva
Keyword(s):  
Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The State ◽  
Dash Score ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Musical Activity ◽  
Pain Symptoms

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the prevalence of playing-related musculoskeletal disorders (PRMD) and associated factors among violinists from the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 106 violinists from eight cities in the state of Rio de Janeiro. Sociodemographic and musical characteristic data, pain symptoms, and upper-limb functionality were collected using the DASH and the Standardized Nordic Questionnaires. The associations between musculoskeletal complaints and possible predictors were analyzed by binary logistic regression. RESULTS: Of the 106 surveyed violin players, 86.8% reported at least one painful area in the last 12 months and 77.4% in the last week. These symptoms were responsible for the temporary interruption of musical activity in 8.1% of musicians. More than 50% of violinists showed dysfunctional upper limbs according to the DASH optional module. Women were more likely to develop musculoskeletal disorders (OR 4.4, CI 1.9–10.0, p<0.001). In addition, older musicians were more likely to report pain in the last 7 days (OR 3.3, CI 5.1–10.97; p=0.04) and also had higher scores on the DASH (OR 1.8, CI 1.1–3.1; p=0.01). Other factors associated with the development of PRMD were body mass index, practice hours per week, and final DASH score. CONCLUSION: Violinists living and working in the state of Rio de Janeiro have a high prevalence of PRMD, especially women and older musicians.

scholarly journals Factors associated with non-adherence to prescribed iron supplement use: a study with pregnant women in the city of Rio de Janeiro

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberta Pereira Niquini ◽  
Sonia Duarte de Azevedo Bittencourt ◽  
Elisa Maria de Aquino Lacerda ◽  
Cláudia Saunders ◽  
Maria do Carmo Leal
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
National Health System ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Multiple Regression Model ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Supplement Use ◽  
Basic Care

Abstract Objectives: to identify factors associated with non-use of iron supplements (IS) by pregnant women attending National Health System (SUS) prenatal care in the Municipality of Rio de Janeiro. Methods: a cross-sectional study was conducted in 2007/2008 with a representative sample of pregnant women using SUS hospitals and basic care in the Municipality of Rio de Janeiro. The group that had gestational age of ≥ 20 weeks at the time of the interview and who had been prescribed IS (n=1407) was subjected to a Poisson multiple regression model to estimate the association between use and independent variables. Results: of the 1407 pregnant women, 65% reported use of IS. Younger age, black skin/race, larger number of births, not having received guidance on use of IS, not having tried to obtain IS at the SUS (with a stronger association between pregnant women with lower levels of education and lower household assets indicator - HAI) and not having been able to obtain them at the SUS (amongpregnant women with lower HAI) were significantly associated with non-use. Conclusions: the guidance of health professionals regarding use of IS and their regular availability may increase adherence to prescription among pregnant women and prevent iron deficiency anemia.

scholarly journals Prevalence and factors associated to cervical changes in units from the Single Health System

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Indianara Carlotto Treco ◽  
Valquíria Kulig Vieira ◽  
Janaína Carla da Silva ◽  
Fernando Rodrigo Treco ◽  
Lirane Elize Defante Ferreto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health System ◽  
Oral Contraceptives ◽  
Pap Smear ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Unified Health System ◽  
Cervical Intraepithelial Lesion ◽  
Intraepithelial Lesion

ABSTRACT Objective: To estimate the prevalence and risk factors associated with cytopathological changes in the uterine cervix of women treated by the Unified Health System. Method: This is a cross-sectional study carried out with 350 women, between 14 and 79 years old who underwent pap smear tests in heath units in Francisco Beltrão, Paraná. Cervical cytopathological analyses and a questionnaire were applied to obtain socioeconomic information, as well as data on sexual behavior, gynecological aspects, and life habits. Chi-square test and logistic regression with p <0.05 were applied for statistical analysis. Results: The prevalence of cervical changes was 3.4% and the main categories found were low-grade cervical intraepithelial lesion, high-grade cervical intraepithelial lesion, and atypical cells of undetermined significance. From these, the first were present in 16.6% of women under 25 years old. The multivariate analysis pointed at associations between previous results of the cytopathology test (OR = 25.693), smoking (OR = 7.576), and oral contraceptives (OR = 5.265) and the outcome. Conclusion: Women with a history of previous cervical cytopathological abnormality, use of oral contraceptives, and smokers were more likely to have an abnormal result in the pap smear test.

scholarly journals Factors associated with the quality of the diet of residents of a rural area in Southern Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 6s ◽  
Author(s):  
Mayra Pacheco Fernandes ◽  
Renata Moraes Bielemann ◽  
Anaclaudia Gastal Fassa
Keyword(s):  
Rural Area ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated

OBJECTIVE: To identify factors associated with a better quality of the diet of residents of a rural area in Southern Brazil. METHODS: This is a population-based, cross-sectional study with individuals aged 18 years or over living in the rural area of Pelotas, State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Food consumption was evaluated by a food frequency questionnaire of thirteen items, related to the consumption in the last week. We evaluated quality of the diet using the Adult Diet Quality Index (IQD-A). Healthy food received increasing scores while unhealthy food received decreasing scores, according to consumption frequency, amounting to scores from zero to 30. The total score was divided into tertiles. Individuals of the third tertile were classified with better quality of the diet. We investigated the association between quality of the diet and independent variables using multinomial logistic regression. RESULTS: We interviewed 1,519 individuals with mean IQD-A of 17.1 points (SD = 3.3) and a median of 17.0 (range of 10 to 25 points). Although the population studied kept the consumption of staple foods, the intake of industrialized food such as soft drinks, artificial juices, and unhealthy foods such as sweets was high. Older individuals presented seven times (95%CI 4.20–12.48) more chance of having a better quality of the diet. Women, individuals with higher economic status, those who worked in the sale of animals, or those who had diabetes were approximately twice as likely to be in the group with the best quality of the diet. Individuals whose families worked with fishing presented a 70% lower chance of being in the group of better quality of the diet. CONCLUSIONS: We identified that men, younger adults, individuals of lower socioeconomic level, and fishing families were in the group of higher vulnerability for the consumption of a diet with worse quality. Thus, public policies, especially educational policies, are needed to promote healthy eating in this group.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document