A Vibration Sensor Approach to Detect Intra-Articular Needle Tip Placement in the Knee Joint

Abstract Background: Intra-articular injection in the dry knee joint is technically challenging particularly for the beginners. The aim of this study was to investigate the possible use of the vibration sensor to detect if the needle tip was at the knee intra-articular position by characterizing the frequency component of the vibration signal during empty syringe air injection.Methods: Two milliliters of air were injected supero-laterally at extra- and intra-articular positions of a cadaveric knee joint, using needles of size 18, 21 and 24 gauge. Ultrasonography was used to confirm the positions of needle tip. A piezoelectric accelerometer was mounted medially on the knee joint to collect the vibration signals which were analyzed to characterize the frequency components of the signals during injections. Results: The vibration frequency band power in the range of 500-1,500 Hertz was visually observed to potentially localize the needle tip placement during air injection whether they were at the knee extra-articular or intra-articular positions, as demonstrated by the higher band power (over -40 decibel or dB) for all the needle sizes. The differences of frequency band power between extra- and intra-articular positions were 18.1 dB, 26.4 dB and 39.2 dB for the needle size 18, 21 and 24 gauge respectively. The most obvious difference was found in the smallest needle diameter.Conclusions: A vibration sensor approach was preliminarily proved to distinguish the intra-articular from extra-articular needle placement in the knee joint. This study demonstrated a possible alternative electronic device implementation of this technique to detect the intra-articular knee injection.

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A vibration sensor approach to detect intra-articular needle tip placement in the knee joint: a proof-of-concept study

BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽

10.1186/s12891-021-04836-y ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Rit Apinyankul ◽

Kritsada Siriwattanasit ◽

Kakanand Srungboonmee ◽

Witchaporn Witayakom ◽

Weerachai Kosuwon

Keyword(s):

Knee Joint ◽

Frequency Band ◽

Electronic Device ◽

Spectral Power ◽

Vibration Signal ◽

Frequency Component ◽

Air Injection ◽

Vibration Sensor ◽

Needle Size ◽

Band Power

Abstract Background Intra-articular injection in the dry knee joint is technically challenging particularly for the beginners. The aim of this study was to investigate the possible use of the vibration sensor to detect if the needle tip was at the knee intra-articular position by characterizing the frequency component of the vibration signal during empty syringe air injection. Methods Two milliliters of air were injected supero-laterally at extra- and intra-articular positions of a cadaveric knee joint, using needles of size 18, 21 and 24 gauge (G). Ultrasonography was used to confirm the positions of needle tip. A piezoelectric accelerometer was mounted medially on the knee joint to collect the vibration signals which were analyzed to characterize the frequency components of the signals during injections. Results The vibration frequency band power in the range of 500–1500 Hz was visually observed to potentially localize the needle tip placement during air injection whether they were at the knee extra-articular or intra-articular positions, as demonstrated by the higher band power (over − 40 dB or dB) for all the needle sizes. The differences of frequency band power between extra- and intra-articular positions were 18.1 dB, 26.4 dB and 39.2 dB for the needle size 18G, 21G and 24G respectively. The largest difference in spectral power was found in the smallest needle diameter (24G). Conclusions A vibration sensor approach was preliminarily proved to distinguish the intra-articular from extra-articular needle placement in the knee joint. This study demonstrated a possible implementation of an alternative electronic device based on this technique to detect the intra-articular knee injection.

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Limitation of Distortion in Friction Stir Welded (FSW) Panels Using Needle Peening

Materials Science Forum ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.638-642.1203 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 638-642 ◽

pp. 1203-1208 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Simon Larose ◽

Laurent Dubourg ◽

C. Perron ◽

Mohammad Jahazi ◽

Priti Wanjara

Keyword(s):

Residual Stresses ◽

Shot Peening ◽

Sheet Material ◽

Travel Speed ◽

Needle Size ◽

Friction Stir ◽

Average Value ◽

Aa 2024 ◽

Induced Stresses ◽

Needle Diameter

Friction stir welding (FSWing) induces residual stresses and distortions in welded structures. Such residual stresses reduce the fatigue life of welded components, while the induced distortions prevent the welding of large or thin components. In the present study, needle peening was used to induce additional residual stresses in 2.3-mm thick (FSWed) aluminum alloy (AA) 2024-T3 sheets. This was done with the objective to counterbalance the welding-induced stresses and thus reduce the overall stresses and distortions. The needle peening process, which stems from shot peening, consists of hammering a surface using cylindrical spherical ended shots sliding back and forth in a treatment head. An instrumented needle peening machine was used to carry out peening on as-received (or bare) and bead-on-plate FSWed AA2024-T3 material. In both cases, the width of the peening area corresponded to that of a typical weld. The influence of the peening process parameters such as needle size, applied power and travel speed on the surface quality and magnitude of the induced distortions were evaluated. The results indicate that, by increasing the needle diameter from 1.2 mm to 2.0 mm, the peening-induced deflection on bare sheet material increased by an average value of 27% while the roughness average, Ra, decreased by an average value of 47%. It was also found that a surface finish qualitatively similar to that of conventional shot peening could be obtained by using appropriate needle peening trajectories. Finally, needle peening with an applied power of 10% was sufficient for eliminating 37% of the welding-induced transverse curvature and 82% of the welding-induced longitudinal curvature.

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Estimation of Flow Rate Through Analysis of Pipe Vibration

Acta Mechanica et Automatica ◽

10.2478/ama-2018-0045 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 12 (4) ◽

pp. 294-300 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Santhosh K. Venkata ◽

Bhagya R. Navada

Keyword(s):

Neural Network ◽

Fluid Flow ◽

Flow Rate ◽

Back Propagation ◽

Vibration Signal ◽

Vibration Sensor ◽

Percentage Error ◽

Fluid Flow Rate ◽

Bee Colony ◽

Neural Network Algorithm

Abstract In this paper, implementation of soft sensing technique for measurement of fluid flow rate is reported. The objective of the paper is to design an estimator to physically measure the flow in pipe by analysing the vibration on the walls of the pipe. Commonly used head type flow meter causes obstruction to the flow and measurement would depend on the placement of these sensors. In the proposed technique vibration sensor is bonded on the pipe of liquid flow. It is observed that vibration in the pipe varies with the control action of stem. Single axis accelerometer is used to acquire vibration signal from pipe, signal is passed from the sensor to the system for processing. Basic techniques like filtering, amplification, and Fourier transform are used to process the signal. The obtained transform is trained using neural network algorithm to estimate the fluid flow rate. Artificial neural network is designed using back propagation with artificial bee colony algorithm. Designed estimator after being incorporated in practical setup is subjected to test and the result obtained shows successful estimation of flow rate with the root mean square percentage error of 0.667.

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Emotional face recognition and EEG measures

Neuropsychological Trends ◽

10.7358/neur-2007-001-mahl ◽

2007 ◽

Author(s):

Walter Mahler ◽

Sandra Reder

Keyword(s):

Face Recognition ◽

Selective Attention ◽

Frequency Band ◽

Cognitive Processes ◽

Stimulus Type ◽

Face Stimulus ◽

Emotional Stimuli ◽

Relevant Stimulus ◽

Band Power ◽

Emotional Face

Twenty one adults looked at emotional (sad, happy, fearful) or neutral faces. EEG measures showed that emotional significance of face (stimulus type) modulated the amplitude of EEG, especially for theta and delta frequency band power. Also, emotional discrimination by theta was more distributed on the posterior sites of the scalp for the emotional stimuli. Thus, this frequency band variation could represent a complex set of cognitive processes whereby selective attention becomes focused on an emotional-relevant stimulus.

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Research on Control Technologies for a High-Precision Multi-Source Vibration Simulation System

Energies ◽

10.3390/en11112956 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 11 (11) ◽

pp. 2956

Author(s):

Xibin Ma ◽

Zhangwei Chen ◽

Huinong He ◽

Yugang Zhao

Keyword(s):

Reference Point ◽

Narrow Band ◽

Vibration Signal ◽

Frequency Component ◽

Filter Method ◽

Control Technology ◽

Vibration Signals ◽

Simulation Control ◽

Vibration Simulation ◽

Tracking Filter

Vehicles commonly suffer from the narrow-band noises and vibrations, usually a superposition of multiple sinusoidal signals, due to the excitations of engines, electrical motors, gear boxes, and other rotating mechanical parts. These excitations are transmitted to a reference point of some structure with certain transmission paths. The vibration signal measured at the reference point can be used for power system monitoring, fault diagnosis, modal analysis, noise analysis, etc. For convenience, researchers in a laboratory usually use shakers to generate expected narrow-band vibration signals acting on the vehicle structure reference points to simulate the vibration signals. However, there is a prominent difficulty in ensuring the amplitude and phase accuracy of each sub-frequency component simultaneously. In order to improve the accuracy of generating the expected vibration signal, this paper presents a multi-source vibration simulation control technology based on the tracking filter method. The main idea is to use the tracking filter to estimate the amplitude and phase of the target sub-frequency component accurately. Further, on the target sub-frequency, the drive signal of shakers is then corrected based on the amplitude and phase errors to achieve a more accurate target vibration signal. The amplitude and phase of each sub-frequency component in the excitation signal can be controlled independently. Compared with other Fast Fourier Transform (FFT)-based frequency domain analysis algorithms and numerical methods by solving the equations, the tracking filter method has a higher frequency resolution and higher accuracy. It can be easily realized in real time applications due to its simplicity. Finally, verification experiments are completed. The experimental results show that the multi-source vibration simulation control technology presented in this paper can achieve high-precision amplitude and phase on each sub-frequency component of the target vibration signals, which contain up to eight sub-frequency components.

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Narrow Band Power Line Communication (NB-PLC) frequency band review under residential load noise

Journal of Physics Conference Series ◽

10.1088/1742-6596/1402/3/033102 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 1402 ◽

pp. 033102

Author(s):

K G H Mangunkusumo ◽

N W Priambodo ◽

K M Tofani ◽

G Supriyadi

Keyword(s):

Frequency Band ◽

Narrow Band ◽

Power Line ◽

Power Line Communication ◽

Band Power ◽

Load Noise

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Feature extraction of latent fault components of rolling bearing based on self-learned sparse atomics and frequency band entropy

Journal of Vibration and Control ◽

10.1177/1077546320925665 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 107754632092566 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

HongChao Wang ◽

WenLiao Du

Keyword(s):

Feature Extraction ◽

Frequency Band ◽

Vibration Signal ◽

Rolling Bearing ◽

Band Pass Filter ◽

Pass Filter ◽

Sparse Decomposition ◽

Vibration Data ◽

Fault Features ◽

Band Pass

As the key rotating parts in machinery, it is crucial to extract the latent fault features of rolling bearing in machinery condition monitoring to avoid the occurrence of sudden accidents. Unfortunately, the latent fault features are hard to extract by using the traditional signal processing method such as envelope demodulation because the effect of envelope demodulation is influenced strongly by the degree of background noise. Sparse decomposition, as a new promising method being able of capturing the latent fault feature components buried in the vibration signal, has attracted a lot of attentions, especially the predefined dictionary-based sparse decomposition methods. However, the feature extraction effect of the predefined dictionary-based sparse decomposition depends on whether the prior knowledge of the analyzed signal is sufficient or not. To overcome the above problems, a feature extraction method of latent fault components of rolling bearing based on self-learned sparse atomics and frequency band entropy is proposed in the article. First, a self-learned sparse atomics method is applied on the early weak vibration signal of rolling bearing and several self-learned atomics are obtained. Then, the self-learned atomics owing bigger kurtosis values are selected and used to reconstruct the vibration signal to remove the other interference signals. Subsequently, the frequency band entropy method is used to analyze the reconstructed vibration signal, and the optimal parameter of band-pass filter could be calculated. At last, the reconstructed vibration signal is filtered using the optimal band-pass filter, envelope demodulation on the filtered signal is applied, and better fault feature is extracted. The feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method are verified through the vibration data of the accelerated fatigue life test of rolling bearing. Besides, the analysis results of the same vibration data using Autogram and spectral kurtosis methods are also presented to highlight the superiority of the proposed method.

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Planetary Gearbox Fault Diagnosis Using Envelope Manifold Demodulation

Shock and Vibration ◽

10.1155/2016/3952325 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-13 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Weigang Wen ◽

Robert X. Gao ◽

Weidong Cheng

Keyword(s):

Fault Diagnosis ◽

Frequency Band ◽

Manifold Learning ◽

Planetary Gear ◽

Vibration Signal ◽

Planetary Gearbox ◽

Characteristic Extraction ◽

Gear Fault ◽

Planet Gear ◽

Fault Characteristic

The important issue in planetary gear fault diagnosis is to extract the dependable fault characteristics from the noisy vibration signal of planetary gearbox. To address this critical problem, an envelope manifold demodulation method is proposed for planetary gear fault detection in the paper. This method combines complex wavelet, manifold learning, and frequency spectrogram to implement planetary gear fault characteristic extraction. The vibration signal of planetary gear is demodulated by wavelet enveloping. The envelope energy is adopted as an indicator to select meshing frequency band. Manifold learning is utilized to reduce the effect of noise within meshing frequency band. The fault characteristic frequency of the planetary gear is shown by spectrogram. The planetary gearbox model and test rig are established and experiments with planet gear faults are conducted for verification. All results of experiment analysis demonstrate its effectiveness and reliability.

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A new method to access information for underground omni-dimensional vibration vector

Sensor Review ◽

10.1108/sr-11-2013-750 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 35 (1) ◽

pp. 125-132 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Jian Li ◽

Ying Liu ◽

Yan Han ◽

Xianhui Chen

Keyword(s):

Vibration Signal ◽

Vibration Sensor ◽

New Method ◽

Underground Explosion ◽

Sensor Calibration ◽

Signal Acquisition ◽

Element Analysis ◽

Content Type ◽

Sensor Structure ◽

Vector Signal

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to propose a new method to achieve omni-directional vibration vector signal acquisition, and use this method to improve the accuracy of the underground explosion point localization. Design/methodology/approach – Following an introduction, this paper describes the design principle of a sensor structure, and discusses the rationality of the spherical structure of the sensor through finite element analysis. The sensor prototype is designed according to the above method, and its performance is tested by the sensor calibration experiment. Finally, applications are also discussed. Findings – This paper shows that the method for underground omni-directional vibration signal acquisition is reasonable and feasible. The vibration sensor, designed by this method, of which the triaxial dynamic characteristics are consistent, and the three-dimensional vibration information acquired by this sensor can achieve high-precision localization for an underground explosion point. Originality/value – The paper describes a new method for omni-directional vibration vector signal acquisition. The vibration sensor is developed based on this method, which has a broad application prospect in the positioning of an underground explosion point, the evaluation of explosive power and other underground projects.

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