scholarly journals Urban-Rural Dimension of Fall and its Associated Risk Factors Amongst Community Dwelling Older Adult in Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susiana Nugraha ◽  
Sabarinah Prasetyo ◽  
Indri Hapsari Susilowati ◽  
Tribudi W Rahardjo
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Older People ◽  
Visual Impairment ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
Older Adult ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Risk Of Falling ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Rural And Urban Area

Abstract Background: Falls are common problem among older people, WHO (2014) estimated 424,000 fatal cases of falls occur every year, making fall as the one of the causes of death in the older adult due to accidental injury. This study aimed to assess the risk of falling among community dwelling older adult in rural and urban area. Method: Using a proportional sample size we determine 2 areas that describe rural and urban area in West Java Prefecture. The incidence of fall in the last 12 month is selected as outcome variable. Sociodemographic background, chronic medical condition, fear of falling, visual and hearing impairment, Activity Daily Living (ADL) Barthel index, the physical performance (Short Performance Physical Battery (SPPB)), and living environment were assessed to identify the factor contribute to the incidence of falling. Result: a total of 611 older people participated this study consist of 381 (62%)older persons living in rural area and 230 (38%) person are living in urban area, 70 percent of them at the range of 60-69 years old, and 73% of them are female. The prevalence of fall in rural area (16.5%), is significantly higher than urban area (10.7%). The multiple logistic regression analysis showed, male gender (OR= 0.29;95%CI (0.095 - .882)), chronic illness (OR=3.25 95%CI (1.236 - 8.533) and visual impairment (OR=3.6; 95%CI (1.517 - 8.544)) are associated with risk of fall in among older adult living in urban area. On the other hand, Visual impairment (OR=1.81; 95%CI (1.027– 3.179)) and living environmental (OR=3.36; 95% CI (1.137-9.921)) are significantly associated with fall in among older adult living in rural area. Conclusion: We identify the different risk factors for falls in urban and rural area. The results can be concluded that a different approach is needed to reduce the risk of falling for the older adult in urban and rural areas based on risk factors.

A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON AWARENESS AND HEALTH INSURANCE COVERAGE IN RURALAND URBAN MEERUT

2021 ◽  
pp. 65-67
Author(s):  
Harivansh Chopra ◽  
Tanveer Bano ◽  
Niharika Verma ◽  
Gargi Pandey
Keyword(s):  
Health Insurance ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
Insurance Coverage ◽  
Health Insurance Coverage ◽  
Health Coverage ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Economics Of Health ◽  
Poverty Status ◽  
Rural And Urban Area

Universal Health Coverage aims to provide essential health services to all while providing protection from catastrophic expenditure on health. To mitigate the economics of health expenditure, health insurance is one of the important tool. Hence, this study was conducted to nd out the awareness and practice of health insurance coverage in rural and urban Meerut.90 households were studied in both rural and urban area. Awareness was higher in urban area but coverage was higher in rural area. Awareness and coverage were found to be signicantly associated with poverty status in rural area of Meerut.

scholarly journals A COMPARATIVE DESCRIPTIVE STUDY TO ASSESS THE AWARENESS REGARDING ANTENATAL DIET AMONG PREGNANT WOMEN AT SELECTED RURAL AND URBAN AREA OF JODHPUR

2021 ◽  
pp. 540-544
Author(s):  
Rohit Kumar Chouhan ◽  
Suresh
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Education Status ◽  
Good Nutrition ◽  
Rural And Urban Area ◽  
Source Of Information

INTRODUCTION: Good nutrition is an important part of leading a healthy lifestyle. It is essential for growth and development, health and wellbeing. Eating a healthy diet contributes to preventing future illness and improving the quality and length of life. Good nutrition means your body gets all the nutrients, vitamins, and minerals it needs to work its best. Plan your meals and snacks to include nutrient-dense foods that are also low in calories. AIM OF THE STUDY: Assess the awareness regarding antenatal diet among pregnant women. METERIAL AND METHOD: A descriptive non-experimental comparative study was carried out to assess the awareness of 100 pregnant women selected by purposive sampling, who were pregnant women in rural & urban area in Jodhpur Rajasthan were assessed by using a structured knowledge questionnaire and analyzed by using descriptive and inferential statistics were used for data analysis. RESULT: The finding showed that in rural area majority (64%) of the pregnant women had below-average awareness, while in urban area majority (74%) of the pregnant women had above-average awareness regarding antenatal diet. According to the different aspects of the antenatal diet the awareness score of both rural & urban pregnant women was highest regarding the Micronutrient in diet. However, the majority of the demographic variable of the rural respondents such as age, religion, education status, monthly household, income, type of family, hazardous habits, number of children, source of information were found no significant association with the level of awareness except the number of gravida, where as in urban respondents such as age, religion, education status, monthly household, income, type of family, hazardous habits, number of gravida, number of children, were found no significant association with the level of awareness except the source of information. CONCLUSION: It can be concluded that pregnant women in rural area majority (64%) of the pregnant women had below-average awareness, while in urban area majority (74%) of the pregnant women had above-average awareness regarding antenatal as per current research recommendations. KEY WORDS: Awareness, antenatal diet, pregnant women, rural and urban area

scholarly journals THE EFFECTS OF SOCIAL CAPITAL ON MENTAL HEALTH AMONG JAPANESE OLDER PEOPLE: COMPARISON BETWEEN RURAL AND URBAN AREA

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. 664-664 ◽  
Author(s):  
W Onoguchi ◽  
Y Fukukawa ◽  
M Kabayama ◽  
Y Gondo ◽  
Y Masui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Capital ◽  
Older People ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Rural And Urban Area

scholarly journals Falls and risk factors of falls for urban and rural community-dwelling older adults in China

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Zhang ◽  
Zhihong Ding ◽  
Liya Qiu ◽  
An Li
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Older People ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural China ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
The Government ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Risk Factors For Falls

Abstract Background Falls among older people have become a public health concern due to serious health consequences. Despite abundant literature on falls in older people, little is known about the rural-urban differentials in falls among older people in China. This research fills the voids of prior literature by investigating falls and the associated risk factors among Chinese seniors, with a particular focus on the rural-urban differences. Methods Data are from the 2010 wave of Chinese Longitudinal Survey on Urban and Rural Elderly. The analysis includes 16,393 respondents aged 65 and over, with 8440 and 7953 of them living in urban and rural areas, respectively. Descriptive analyses are performed to examine incidence, locations, circumstances and consequences of falls in older people. Regression analysis is used to investigate the effects of risk factors on falls among older people in urban and rural China. Results The incidence of falls is higher among rural than urban older people. In both settings, older people are more likely to fell outside of home. But common outdoor falls among rural and urban older people differ in terms of locations and circumstances. Urban older people are more likely to report falling on the road whereas their rural counterparts have experienced more falls in the yard. Falls occurring within homes or immediate home surroundings are also common; but few falls occurred in public areas. The rate of hospitalization of urban seniors after falling is higher than that of rural ones. Most risk factors of falls show similar than different effects on rural and urban elders’ risks of falling. Conclusions Incidence, locations, circumstances and consequences of falls vary among Chinese rural and urban older people. But most risk factors for falls show similar effects on rural and urban elders’ odds of falling. Implications drawn from this research provide suggestions for the government and local agencies to develop suitable fall prevention strategies which may well be applicable to other countries.

scholarly journals Kadar glukosa darah dan tekanan darah pada penduduk pedesaan dan perkotaan di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tasmini Tasmini ◽  
Arta Farmawati ◽  
Sunarti Sunarti ◽  
Pramudji Hastuti ◽  
Ahmad Hamim Sadewa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
The Difference

ABSTRAK Sebagian besar penduduk di daerah pedesaan bertaraf ekonomi menengah ke bawah, memiliki keterbatasan akses informasi, dan memiliki mata pencaharian berbeda dibanding penduduk kota. Bantar Kulon merupakan daerah pedesaan dan Kronggahan adalah daerah perkotaan di Yogyakarta. Mengingat terjadinya pergeseran pola penyakit dari penyakit menular ke penyakit tidak menular serta adanya pengaruh lingkungan dan gaya hidup terhadap terjadinya penyakit degeneratif, dilakukan pengkajian mengenai faktor risiko sindroma metabolik di dua daerah tersebut. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui apakah ada perbedaan kadar glukosa darah puasa (GDP) dan tekanan darah (TD), serta keluhan/ penyakit utama pada penduduk di daerah pedesaan dan perkotaan. Sebanyak 71 orang dari Bantar Kulon dan 91 orang dari Kronggahan diperiksa kadar GDP menggunakan GCU Multi-Function Monitoring System (EasyTouch®). Tekanan darah diperiksa menggunakan sphygmomanometer raksa dan otomatis. Faktor risiko GDP dan TD kedua lokasi ditampilkan dalam bentuk deskriptif berdasarkan cut-off (GDP: ≥100mg/dL; TD: ≥140/90 mmHg). Uji t atau Mann Whitney U dilakukan untuk mengetahui perbedaaan nilai variabel antar kedua lokasi. Hasil dinyatakan berbeda bermakna jika p<0,05. Data keluhan kesehatan ditampilkan secara deskriptif. Tidak ada perbedaan kadar GDP antara desa dan kota (p=0,385). Persentase subjek yang memiliki GDP ≥ 100 mg/dL lebih banyak di kota dibanding desa (42,3% vs 26,4%). Persentase hipertensi berdasarkan pemeriksaan lebih tinggi di kota dibanding desa (50,5% vs 33,8%). Berdasarkan wawancara, keluhan/ penyakit tertinggi pada kedua wilayah adalah hipertensi sebanyak 23 orang (33,82%) di desa dan 30 (32,97%) di kota. Disimpulkan bahwa faktor risiko GDP di atas normal lebih banyak ditemukan di desa sedangkan hipertensi lebih banyak ditemukan di kota. Keluhan/ penyakit utama di kedua wilayah adalah hipertensi.KATA KUNCI kadar glukosa darah; penyakit metabolik; hipertensi; pedesaan; perkotaan             ABSTRACT Most people living in rural areas are from lower to middle income class, have limited access to information, and have different occupations compared to those in urban areas. In Yogyakarta, Bantar Kulon is a rural area, while Kronggahan is an urban area. Currently, the pattern of disease is shifting from infectious diseases to non-communicable diseases with environment and lifestyle factors as determinants. Thus, it is necessary to study the trends of risk factors for metabolic syndrome in both areas. This study aimed to seek the difference of  fasting blood glucose (FBG), blood pressure (BP), and major complaints/illness between rural and urban areas. 71 people from Bantar Kulon and 91 people from Kronggahan were examined for FBG levels using GCU Monitoring System (EasyTouch®). Blood pressures were checked using sphygmomanometer. Risk factors for FBG and BP were presented as frequencies based on cut-offs (FBG: ≥100mg/dL; BP: ≥140/90 mmHg). T-test or Mann-Whitney U test were used to analyze the difference in variables between both areas. Results were significantly different if p <0.05. Health complaint data were displayed descriptively. There was no difference in FBG level between rural and urban areas (p = 0.385). The percentage of subjects with  FBG ≥ 100 mg / dL was higher in Kronggahan than in Bantar Kulon (42.3% vs 26.4%). Based on examination, percentage of hypertension was higher in urban than rural areas (50.5% vs. 33.8%). Based on interviews, the top complaint/ disease in both areas was hypertension. The number of subjects who were diagnosed with hypertension were 23 (33,82%) and 30 (32,97%) from Bantar Kulon and Kronggahan respectively. Impaired fasting glucose was more common in Bantar Kulon (rural area) while hypertension is more common in Kronggahan (urban area). The main complaint / disease in both regions is hypertension.KEYWORDS blood glucose; metabolic syndrome; hypertension; rural area; urban area

scholarly journals A study the Personality and achievement Motivation of among High School Students of Jalgaon District

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rani Tripathi
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
High Schools ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
Achievement Motivation ◽  
T Test ◽  
School Students ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Rural And Urban Area

This paper aims to study the achievement motivation and personality of high school students in relation to the type of urban and rural area. The study was conducted on 120 students (60 boys 60 girls) studying in high schools selected purposively from Jalgaon district of Maharashtra state. Intact classes of VIII to X were taken from the four schools. For the collection of necessary information investigator used Personality Inventory (M.P.I.) by Jalota, S.S. and Kapoor, S.D. (1975) (Hindi Version). And Achievement Motivation Test by Gopal Rao (1974). To find the significance of difference between the various groups ‘t’ test was applied. Results indicated that rural and urban area high school students differ significantly on Personality but gender wise and area wise students do not differ significantly on achievement motivation.

'EFFECT OF COVID 19 ON SOCIOECONOMIC AND PSYCHOSOCIAL PARAMETERS AMONG ADULTS RESIDING IN RURAL AND URBAN COMMUNITY, KAMRUP, ASSAM: A COMPARATIVE STUDY'

2021 ◽  
pp. 34-38
Author(s):  
Suman Sultana ◽  
Unmona Borgahain Saikia
Keyword(s):  
Urban Area ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
Urban Community ◽  
Economic Effect ◽  
Moderate Level ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Psychosocial Effect ◽  
Rural And Urban Area

World history has shown that from time to time various pandemics have appeared in the world that have had an enormous impact on the social, economic and psychological life of the entire international community. It has been observed that the spread of Covid 19 poses various challenges in human society as a whole in socio-economic life and psychosocial health. The aim of the study was to assess the effect of covid 19 on socioeconomic and psychosocial parameters among adults residing in rural and urban community, Kamrup, Assam. METHODS AND MATERIALS- Quantitative approach Cross sectional research design was used in this study using Convenience sampling technique. Modied Health promotion model by Nola J Pender was used as a conceptual framework in this study RESULTS- A total of 100 adults (50 each) from selected rural and urban area of Kamrup, Assam participated in each study. In the rural area, most of the adults 23(46%) had mild and moderate level of socio economic effect whereas in the urban area, most of the adults 33(66%) had moderate level of socio economic effect. In the rural area, most of the adults 45(90%) had severe level of psychosocial effect whereas in the urban area, most of the adults 47(94%) had severe level of psychosocial effect. There was signicant difference in the effect of COVID-19 between the adults in rural and urban area. The analysis revealed that for socioeconomic parameters in rural area the demographic variables educational status and source of information whereas urban area religion and monthly income had shown statistically signicant association with level of socio economic effect of COVID-19 among adults. CONCLUSION- Therefore it has aroused the need for health awareness campaign, counseling session and creates a better and healthy community

scholarly journals KERAGAMAN KONSUMSI PANGAN PADA BALITA STUNTING DI WILAYAH PEDESAAN DAN PERKOTAAN KABUPATEN PROBOLINGGO [Dietary Diversity among Stunting Toddlers in Rural and Urban Areas of Probolinggo Regency]

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
Dhita Kusuma Astuti ◽  
Sri Sumarmi
Keyword(s):  
Urban Area ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
The Government ◽  
Rural And Urban Area

One of the main nutritional problems faced by developing countries is stunting. Probolinggo Regency is one of the government priority to overcome stunting problem in Indonesia with prevalence of stunting up to 49.43%. Rural area have higher prevalence of stunting compare to urban area. Dietary diversity associate with stunting. This study aimed to analyze the diff erences of dietary diversity among stunting toddlers in rural and urban area of Probolinggo Regency. A cross sectional study design was used with total sample as much as 44 stunting toddlers aged 12-59 months in rural and 44 stunting toddlers with the same age in urban area. Sample was determined by multistage cluster sampling. Data were collected using IDDS instrument and rated twice with minimum consumption of 10 grams. Data were analyzed using T-test. Result showed that there were no signifi cant diff erences on dietary diversity (p=0.106) among stunting toddlers in rural and urban area. Dietary diversity among stunting toddlers in urban area are slightly better than rural area. Based on 9 food groups, stunting toddlers both in rural and urban area were not consuming organ meat. It was concluded that dietary diversity among stunting toddlers in rural area was not diff erent from dietary diversity among stunting toddlers in urban areas. Mother should give more diverse food to their children, especially fruits, vegetables, nuts and seeds, milk and milk products, and introduce organ meat such as chicken liver.

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