scholarly journals Hydrophilic Quaternary Trimethyl Chitosan Stabilized Silver Nanoparticles: Synthesis, Characterization and Antimicrobial Activity.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yakubu Adekunle Alli ◽  
Sheriff Adewuyi ◽  
Saliu Alao Amolegbe ◽  
Sabu Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Morphological Difference ◽  
Attenuated Total Reflection ◽  
Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Spectroscopic Techniques ◽  
Reductive Methylation ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Trimethyl Chitosan ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal Activities

Abstract Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) endangers the effective management of an increasing range of bacterial and fungal infections, alternative antimicrobial drugs are thus, expedient. In this study, Quaternary Trimethyl Chitosan (QTMC) was prepared by improved two step reductive methylation of Chitosan (CTS) employed as a capping agent for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (QTMC-AgNPs). The hydrophilic QTMC and QTMC-AgNPs were characterized using various analytical and spectroscopic techniques. The Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ( 1 HNMR) was used to determine the degree of quaternization (DQ) and degree of dimethylation (DT) of QTMC as 63.33 and 11.75 % respectively. The Ultraviolet-Visible (Uv-Vis), Attenuated Total Reflection Fourier Transform Infrared (ATR-FTIR), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDS) and X-ray Photoelectron (XPS) Spectroscopic results evidently indicated high degree of quaternization of CTS and configured QTMC-AgNPs. Thermogravimetric Analysis/Derivative Thermogravimetry (TGA/DTG) were used to study the decomposition process of QTMC and QTMC-AgNPs. The surface morphological difference of QTMC and QTMC-AgNPs was explored via Scanning Electron and High-Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopies (SEM and HR-TEM) whereas particle size distribution was analyzed using Dynamic Light Scattering. Furthermore, HR-TEM indicated QTMC stabilized AgNPs with average nanoparticulate size of 10 nm while DLS revealed 12.5 nm. This well-tailored QTMC-AgNPs exhibited strong antibacterial and antifungal activities against the tested bacteria and fungi infections.

scholarly journals Silver Nanoparticles from Oregano Leaves’ Extracts as Antimicrobial Components for Non-Infected Hydrogel Contact Lenses

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (7) ◽  
pp. 3539
Author(s):  
Anastasia Meretoudi ◽  
Christina N. Banti ◽  
Panagiotis K. Raptis ◽  
Christina Papachristodoulou ◽  
Nikolaos Kourkoumelis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Contact Lenses ◽  
Attenuated Total Reflection ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
X Ray ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Polymer Hydrogels ◽  
20 Nm ◽  
And Staphylococcus Aureus

The oregano leaves’ extract (ORLE) was used for the formation of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs(ORLE)). ORLE and AgNPs(ORLE) (2 mg/mL) were dispersed in polymer hydrogels to give the pHEMA@ORLE_2 and pHEMA@AgNPs(ORLE)_2 using hydroxyethyl–methacrylate (HEMA). The materials were characterized by X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction analysis (XRPD), thermogravimetric differential thermal analysis (TG-DTA), derivative thermogravimetry/differential scanning calorimetry (DTG/DSC), ultraviolet (UV-Vis), and attenuated total reflection mode (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopies in solid state and UV–Vis in solution. The crystallite size value, analyzed with XRPD, was determined at 20 nm. The antimicrobial activity of the materials was investigated against Gram-negative bacterial strains Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) and Escherichia coli (E. coli). The Gram-positive ones of the genus of Staphylococcus epidermidis (S. epidermidis) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) are known to be involved in microbial keratitis by the means of inhibitory zone (IZ), minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). The IZs, which developed upon incubation of P. aeruginosa, E. coli, S. epidermidis, and S. aureus with paper discs soaked in 2 mg/mL of AgNPs(ORLE), were 11.7 ± 0.7, 13.5 ± 1.9, 12.7 ± 1.7, and 14.3 ± 1.7 mm. When the same dose of ORLE was administrated, the IZs were 10.2 ± 0.7, 9.2 ± 0.5, 9.0 ± 0.0, and 9.0 ± 0.0 mm. The percent of bacterial viability when they were incubated over the polymeric hydrogel discs of pHEMA@AgNPs(ORLE)_2 was interestingly low (66.5, 88.3, 77.7, and 59.6%, respectively, against of P. aeruginosa, E. coli, S. epidermidis, and S. aureus) and those of pHEMA@ORLE_2 were 89.3, 88.1, 92.8, and 84.6%, respectively. Consequently, pHEMA@AgNPs(ORLE)_2 could be an efficient candidate toward the development of non-infectious contact lenses.

scholarly journals Conjugation of Penicillin-G with Silver(I) Ions Expands Its Antimicrobial Activity against Gram Negative Bacteria

Antibiotics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioannis Ketikidis ◽  
Christina N. Banti ◽  
Nikolaos Kourkoumelis ◽  
Constantinos G. Tsiafoulis ◽  
Christina Papachristodoulou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Attenuated Total Reflection ◽  
Penicillin G ◽  
Therapeutic Window ◽  
Spectroscopic Techniques ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ft Ir

Conjugation of penicillin G (PenH) with silver(I) ions forms a new CoMeD (conjugate of metal with a drug) with formula [Ag(pen)(CH3OH)]2 (PenAg). PenAg was characterized by a plethora of physical and spectroscopic techniques, which include in the solid state m.p.; elemental analysis; X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectroscopy; scanning electron microscopy (SEM); energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX); FT-IR; and in solution: attenuated total reflection spectroscopy (FT-IR-ATR), UV–Vis, 1H NMR, and atomic absorption (AA). The structure of PenAg was determined by NMR spectroscopy. Silver(I) ions coordinate to the carboxylic group of PenH, while secondary intra-molecular interactions are developed through (i) the nitrogen atom of the amide group in MeOD-d4 or (ii) the sulfur atom in the thietane ring in deuterated dimethyl sulfoxide DMSO-d6. The antibacterial activities of PenAg and the sodium salt of penicillin (PenNa) (the formulation which is clinically used) against Gram positive (Staphylococcus epidermidis (S. epidermidis) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus)) and Gram negative (Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeuroginosa PAO1)) bacteria were evaluated by the means of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), and inhibition zone (IZ). PenAg inhibits the growth of the Gram negative bacterial strain P. aeuroginosa with a MIC value of 23.00 ± 2.29 μM, in contrast to PenNa, which shows no such activity (>2 mM). The corresponding antimicrobial activities of PenAg against the Gram positive bacteria S. epidermidis and S. aureus are even better than those of PenNa. Moreover, PenAg exhibits no in vivo toxicity against Artemia salina at concentration up to 300 μΜ. The wide therapeutic window and the low toxicity, make PenAg a possible candidate for the development of a new antibiotic.

scholarly journals Sustainable Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Marine Algae for Catalytic Degradation of Methylene Blue

Catalysts ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1377
Author(s):  
Chandra Kishore Somasundaram ◽  
Raji Atchudan ◽  
Thomas Nesakumar Jebakumar Immanuel Edison ◽  
Suguna Perumal ◽  
Rajangam Vinodh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Marine Algae ◽  
Dye Degradation ◽  
Catalytic Degradation ◽  
Attenuated Total Reflection ◽  
Face Centered Cubic ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy

Herein, Sargassum coreanum (marine algae)-mediated silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were successfully synthesized by a simple reduction method. The synthesized AgNPs were characterized using ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, attenuated total reflection Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffractometry, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) with energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy, and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) analysis. The acquired colloidal AgNPs were strongly absorbed around 420 nm and displayed brown color under visible light. The XRD pattern of AgNPs exposed their face-centered cubic geometry along with crystalline nature. The HRTEM images of synthesized AgNPs confirmed the mean particle size of 19 nm with a distorted spherical shape, and the calculated interlayer distance (d-spacing value) was about 0.24 nm. Further, the catalytic degradation of methylene blue using sodium borohydride and AgNPs was monitored using UV–vis spectroscopy. The result revealed that AgNPs performed as a superior catalyst, which completely degraded MB in 20 min. The rate constant for MB degradation was calculated to be 0.106 min−1, demonstrating that the marine algae-mediated AgNPs had outstanding catalytic activity. This approach is easy and environmentally benign, which can be applied for environmental-based applications such as dye degradation and pollutant detoxification.

scholarly journals Silver nanoparticles from insect wing extract: Biosynthesis and evaluation for antioxidant and antimicrobial potential

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. e0241729
Author(s):  
Parameshwar Jakinala ◽  
Nageshwar Lingampally ◽  
Bee Hameeda ◽  
R. Z. Sayyed ◽  
Yahya Khan M. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Plasmon Band ◽  
Insect Wing ◽  
Antifungal Activities ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal Activities ◽  
Agricultural Potential ◽  
Antioxidant And Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectroscopy ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are among the most widely synthesized and used nanoparticles (NPs). AgNPs have been traditionally synthesized from plant extracts, cobwebs, microorganisms, etc. However, their synthesis from wing extracts of common insect; Mang mao which is abundantly available in most of the Asian countries has not been explored yet. We report the synthesis of AgNPs from M. mao wings extract and its antioxidant and antimicrobial activity. The synthesized AgNPs were spherical, 40–60 nm in size and revealed strong absorption plasmon band around at 430 nm. Highly crystalline nature of these particles as determined by Energy-dispersive X-ray analysis and X-ray diffraction further confirmed the presence of AgNPs. Hydrodynamic size and zeta potential of AgNPs were observed to be 43.9 nm and -7.12 mV, respectively. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy analysis revealed the presence of characteristic amide proteins and aromatic functional groups. Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and Gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) analysis revealed the presence of fatty acids in the wings extract that may be responsible for biosynthesis and stabilization of AgNPs. Further, SDS-PAGE of the insect wing extract protein showed the molecular weight of 49 kDa. M. mao silver nanoparticles (MMAgNPs) exhibit strong antioxidant, broad-range antibacterial and antifungal activities, (66.8 to 87.0%), broad-range antibacterial and antifungal activities was found with maximum zone of inhibition against Staphylococcus aureus MTCC 96 (35±0.4 mm) and Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ricini (86.6±0.4) which signifies their biomedical and agricultural potential.

scholarly journals Green synthesis of Silk Sericin Embedded Silver Nanoparticles and their Antibacterial Application Against Multidrug Resistant Pathogens

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Abdullah Al Masud ◽  
Hamid Shaikh ◽  
Md. Shamsul Alam ◽  
M. Minnatul Karim ◽  
M. Abdul Momin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Bombyx Mori ◽  
Nitrate Solution ◽  
Attenuated Total Reflection ◽  
Diffraction Measurement ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Visible Spectroscopy ◽  
Silk Sericin ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Uv Visible

Abstract Silk sericin (SS) was extracted from Bombyx mori silkworm cocoons in an aqueous medium. 17 w/w% of dry sericin powder with respect to the cocoon’s weight was obtained by freeze drying. The extracted sericin exhibited excellent hydrophilicity, biodegradability, and reducing properties. Furthermore, silver nanoparticles conjugated to sericin, i.e., SS-capped silver nanoparticles (SS-AgNPs) were synthesized by easy, cost effective, and environment-friendly methods. The synthesized SS-AgNPs were characterized by UV-visible spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared-attenuated total reflection (FTIR-ATR) spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and X-ray diffraction measurement. It has been found from the absorbance of UV-visible spectroscopy that a higher parent of SS-AgNPs was obtained at a higher concentration of silver nitrate solution. FTIR-ATR spectra showed that the carboxylate groups obtained from silk sericin act as a reducing agent for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles, while NH2 + and COO- act as a stabilizer of AgNPs. The X-ray diffractogram of SS-AgNPs was quite different to that for AgNO3 and sericin due to a change in crystal structure. The diameter of AgNPs was around 20–70 nm observed using TEM. The synthesized SS-AgNPs exhibited strong anti-bacterial activity against multi-drug-resistant pathogens, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Minimal inhibitory/bactericidal concentrations against E. coli and P. aeruginosa were 20 µg/mL. This study encourages the use of Bombyx mori for the ecofriendly synthesis of SS-AgNPs to control multi-drug-resistant microorganisms.

scholarly journals Insect wing extract: A novel source for green synthesis of nanoparticles of antioxidant and antimicrobial potential

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parameshwar Jakinala ◽  
Nageshwar Lingampally ◽  
Bee Hameeda ◽  
R. Z. Sayyed ◽  
M Yahya Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Plasmon Band ◽  
Insect Wing ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Synthesis Of Nanoparticles ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal Activities ◽  
Agricultural Potential ◽  
Antioxidant And Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectroscopy ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal

AbstractSilver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are among the most widely synthesized and used nanoparticles (NPs). AgNPs have been traditionally synthesized from plant extracts, cobwebs, microorganisms, etc. However, their synthesis from wing extracts of common insect; Mang mao which is abundantly available in most of the Asian countries has not been explored yet. We report the synthesis of AgNPs from M. mao wings extract and its antioxidant and antimicrobial activity. The synthesized AgNPs were spherical, 40–60 nm in size and revealed strong absorption plasmon band around at 430 nm. Highly crystalline nature of these particles as determined by Energy-dispersive X-ray analysis and X-ray diffraction further confirmed the presence of AgNPs. Hydrodynamic size and zeta potential of AgNPs were observed to be 43.9 nm and −7.12 mV, respectively. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy analysis revealed the presence of characteristic amide proteins and aromatic functional groups. Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and Gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) analysis revealed the presence of fatty acids in the wings extract that may be responsible for biosynthesis and stabilization of AgNPs. Further, SDS-PAGE of the insect wing extract protein showed the molecular weight of 49 kDa. M. mao silver nanoparticles (MMAgNPs) exhibit strong antioxidant, broad-range antibacterial and antifungal activities, which signifies their biomedical and agricultural potential.

scholarly journals Synthesis, Antibacterial, and Antifungal Activities of Hybrid Molecules Based on Alzheimer Disease Drugs and Bearing an Amino Acid Fragment

Proceedings ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Radoslav Chayrov ◽  
Aleksandra Tencheva ◽  
Hristina Sbirkova-Dimitrova ◽  
Boris Shivachev ◽  
Anna Kujumdzieva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Alzheimer Disease ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal Activities ◽  
Acid Fragment ◽  
Hybrid Molecules ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal

The objective of the current study was to develop novel compounds–memantine derivatives with antimicrobial activity designed for application in treatment of bacterial and fungal infections in patients suffering from Alzheimer’s disease. To realize this objective, a series of six memantine hybrid molecules were synthesized, characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, MS, X-ray, and tested for their biological properties as anti-Alzheimer agents and their antimicrobial potential.

scholarly journals Design, Synthesis, and Antibacterial and Antifungal Activities of Novel Trifluoromethyl and Trifluoromethoxy Substituted Chalcone Derivatives

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 375
Author(s):  
Surendra Babu Lagu ◽  
Rajendra Prasad Yejella ◽  
Richie R. Bhandare ◽  
Afzal B. Shaik
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Normal Liver ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Spectroscopic Techniques ◽  
Normal Liver Cell ◽  
Olefinic Carbon ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal Activities ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal

Despite the availability of many drugs to treat infectious diseases, the problems like narrow antimicrobial spectrum, drug resistance, hypersensitivities and systemic toxicities are hampering their clinical utility. Based on the above facts, in the present study, we designed, synthesized and evaluated the antibacterial and antifungal activity of novel fluorinated compounds comprising of chalcones bearing trifluoromethyl (A1–A10) and trifluoromethoxy (B1–B10) substituents. The compounds were characterized by spectroscopic techniques and evaluated for their antimicrobial activity against four pathogenic Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis) and Gram-negative (Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis) bacterial and fungal (Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger) strains. In this study, the compounds with trifluoromethoxy group were more effective than those with trifluoromethyl group. Among the 20 fluorinated chalcones, compound A3/B3 bearing an indole ring attached to the olefinic carbon have been proved to possess the most antimicrobial activity compared to the standard drugs without showing cytotoxicity on human normal liver cell line (L02). Further, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for A3/B3 was determined by serial tube dilution method and showed potential activity. These results would provide promising access to future study about the development of novel agents against bacterial and fungal infections.

scholarly journals Morphology, composition and structure of the fibers of a Chimu culture textile

MOMENTO ◽  
2022 ◽  
pp. 39-53
Author(s):  
Miguel A. Valverde-Alva ◽  
Jhenry F. Agreda-Delgado ◽  
Wilder Aldama-Reyna ◽  
Luis M. Angelats-Silva ◽  
Guillermo Gayoso-Bazán ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Attenuated Total Reflection ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Structural Quality ◽  
Spectroscopic Techniques ◽  
Northern Coast ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Composition And Structure ◽  
Cellulose Iβ ◽  
Microscopy Images

In this work we studied the microfibers of a textile (T-shirt) of the Chimú culture. This culture developed on the northern coast of Peru. To determine the raw material and structural quality of the microfibers, the results of the Chimú textile were compared with the corresponding results for the microfibers of cotton from the northern coast of Peru (native cotton). Scanning electron microscopy images revealed that the Chimú textile yarns are composed of a set of interwoven microfibers. Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and pulsed laser-induced plasma spectroscopy techniques allowed the identification of characteristic cellulose atoms in the microfibers of Chimú textile and native cotton. Only for the Chimú textile, these spectroscopic techniques allowed the identification of atoms corresponding to natural dyes and powder residues. Attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy identified the same molecular bonds for the microfibers of Chimú textile and native cotton. For the microfibers of Chimú textile and native cotton, the X-ray diffractograms showed peaks characteristic of the cellulose Iβ polymorphism of  of monoclinic P21 structure. The raw material of the Chimú textile is cotton and the microfibers of this material show significant structural stability.

scholarly journals Catalytic Activity of Hybrid Iron Oxide Silver Nanoparticles in Methyl Methacrylate Polymerization

Catalysts ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 422
Author(s):  
Sanaa M. Solyman ◽  
Mohamed S.A. Darwish ◽  
Jungwon Yoon
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Iron Oxide ◽  
Methyl Methacrylate ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Catalytic Systems ◽  
X Ray

One of the challenges in the preparation of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) is to develop new catalytic systems with improved efficiency. A hybrid iron oxide silver catalyst holds promise in solving this issue. Catalysts were prepared at room temperature by a two-step technique. First, iron oxide nanoparticles were prepared by the reduction of FeCl3 using sodium borohydride (NaBH4) at room temperature. Second, magnetic nanoparticles doped with a series of Ag nanoparticles (Ag, Ag/3 –amino propyltriethoxysilane (APTES) and Ag/poly(ethyleneimine) (PEI)). The prepared catalysts were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDX), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The catalytic activity of Fe, Ag/Fe, PEI–Ag/Fe, and APTES–Ag/Fe in methyl methacrylate (MMA) polymerization was investigated in the presence of O2, N2, NaHSO3, and benzoyl peroxide in bulk or solution conditions. The produced polymer was characterized by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) and proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1HNMR). The structures of PEI–Ag/Fe and APTES–Ag/Fe are assumed. The conversion efficiency was 100%, 100%, 97.6%, and 99.1% using Fe, Ag/Fe, PEI–Ag/Fe, and APTES–Ag/Fe catalysts at the optimum conditions, respectively. Hybrid iron oxide silver nanoparticles are promising catalysts for PMMA preparation.

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