scholarly journals Metal speciation and pollution assessment across a small-scale mining creek system tributary

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elmer S Austria ◽  
Ericho Jeanne M. Fuentes ◽  
Rheo Baguio Lamorena-Lim
Keyword(s):  
Metal Speciation ◽  
Total Concentration ◽  
Sediment Quality ◽  
Toxic Metal ◽  
Colloidal Suspensions ◽  
Pollution Assessment ◽  
Anthropogenic Sources ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Environmental Index ◽  
Metal Concentrations

Abstract Sediment and water samples along Acupan creek were examined to assess the degree of toxic metal pollution due to anthropogenic wastes from small-scale gold mining activity in the area. Samples were collected from five different locations representing the upstream, midstream and downstream areas of the creek. The total concentration of As, Cd, Cu and Pb in the sediment and aqueous matrix were determined. Chemical speciation of the target metals in the creek system was performed using geochemical software PHREEQC. The metal concentrations in the sediments of midstream and downstream were higher compared to the average shale value (ASV) and toxicological reference values (TRV). Similarly, the total metal concentrations of As and Cu in creek water exceeded the local guidelines set for effluent waters. Speciation results identified HAsO42−, Cd2+, CuOH+ and PbOH+ as the major species of the target metals. Metal supersaturation in sediment and low solubility in the aqueous matrix point out to re-suspension and transport of metals as colloidal suspensions. The enrichment factor and geo-accumulation index values indicate significant levels of enrichment and pollution in the midstream and downstream area. The pollution load index confirmed the progressive deterioration of the sediment quality along the creek. Speciation and environmental index results confirmed that anthropogenic sources in the midstream were transported to the downstream catchment.

scholarly journals Sediment Metal Contamination, Bioavailability, and Oxidative Stress Response in Mangrove Avicennia marina in Central Red Sea

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdullahi Bala Alhassan ◽  
Mohammed Othman Aljahdali
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Enzyme ◽  
Red Sea ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Sediment Quality ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Avicennia Marina ◽  
Anthropogenic Sources ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Metal Concentrations ◽  
Mangrove Ecosystems

Anthropogenic activities have been on the increase in the urban environment and have led to contamination of the environment with toxic metals. However, mangrove plants’ response to heavy metal stress due to anthropogenic activities explains the metal bioavailability and its potential ecotoxicological effect. We carried out a multi-approach study to investigate i) if the concentrations of metals (Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Mo, Cd, Pb, Sr, and V) in mangroves at the central Red Sea are due to the anthropogenic influence and are above the sediment quality guidelines and ii) if an increase in metal concentration influences height and antioxidant enzyme (catalase, CAT; glutathione S-transferase, GST; and superoxide dismutase, SOD) activities in Avicennia marina. There were significant variations (p < 0.05) in metal concentrations and antioxidants across the six mangrove ecosystems with higher concentrations at Al Lith (LT) and south Jeddah (SJ). Even though the concentrations of metals in mangrove leaves are slightly higher in LT than SJ, principal component analysis showed that higher concentrations of Cr, Co, Zn, Cd, and Pb in mangrove leaves from SJ influence higher antioxidant enzyme activities and the lowest average mangrove height (2.01 m). This suggests that higher metal concentrations be factors for the biggest stress in these mangrove ecosystems. However, among the 13 metals, Cr (82.07 mg/kg), Cu (41.29 mg/kg), and As (10.30 mg/kg) in sediments have values within the ERL range of probable effect, while Ni (53.09 mg/kg) was above the ERM threshold. Hence, there is need to focus on monitoring these metals in mangrove sediments and their anthropogenic sources.

scholarly journals PENGGUNAAN EKSTRAKSI SEKUENSIAL UNTUK SPESIASI LOGAM BERAT DI SEDIMEN

OSEANA ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Lestari .
Keyword(s):  
Sequential Extraction ◽  
Metal Speciation ◽  
Total Concentration ◽  
Anthropogenic Sources ◽  
Rapid Evaluation ◽  
Environment Effect ◽  
Single Extraction ◽  
Extraction Procedures ◽  
Sequential Extraction Procedures ◽  
Sediment Metals

THE USE OF SEQUENTIAL EXTRACTION PROCEDURES FOR HEAVY METAL SPECIATION IN SEDIMENT. Metals accumulation in sediments from both natural and anthropogenic sources occurs in the same way, making it difficult to identify and determine the origin of heavy metals present in the sediments. Moreover, the total concentration of metals often does not accurately represent their characteristics and toxicity. In order to overcome the mentioned obstacles, it is necessary to evaluate the environment effect. Single extraction is thus used generally to provide a rapid evaluation of the exchangeable metal fraction in sediments. However, complicated sequential extraction procedures are used to provide more detailed information regarding different metal phase associations.

scholarly journals A Multi-Index Analysis Approach to Heavy Metal Pollution Assessment in River Sediments in the Ponce Enríquez Area, Ecuador

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 590 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alby Aguilar Pesantes ◽  
Elizabeth Peña Carpio ◽  
Tomas Vitvar ◽  
Manuel María Mahamud López ◽  
Juan Menéndez-Aguado
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Sediment Quality ◽  
Contamination Factor ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Metal Concentrations ◽  
Geochemical Composition ◽  
Multi Index ◽  
Heavy Metal Concentrations ◽  
Subsurface Sediments

The area of Ponce Enríquez, Southern Ecuador, is one of the most important artisanal and small scale gold mining (ASGM) areas in the country, where informal mining operations can be found using amalgamation technique, even though it has been prohibited since 2010. Considering the potential impact of these mining operations, the present research focused on heavy metal pollutants in subsurface sediments at 214 sampling locations from several detailed sampling campaigns in the rivers Fermín, Fermín Norte, Guanache, Villa, and Siete. Four parameters were calculated to evaluate the geochemical composition of the river sediment and heavy metal concentrations: The enrichment factor (EF), the geo-accumulation index (Igeo), the contamination factor (Cf) and the pollution load index (PLI). The analyzed elements were Cu, Pb, Zn, Ni, As, Cd, Sb, Sr, and Hg. Due to the lack of standards for pollution levels in sediments in Ecuador, Canadian guidelines were used as interim sediment quality guidelines (ISQG) in this research for comparison with the obtained results in subsurface sediments. The multi-index geochemical analysis indicated elevated heavy metal concentrations in all subsurface sediments in the studied river ecosystems.

scholarly journals Geochemical Pollution Assessment of Sediment Metal from Lower Region of the Ogun River, Nigeria

2014 ◽  
pp. 13-18
Author(s):  
Anslem Diayi ◽  
Michael Gbadebo
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Sediment Quality ◽  
Pollution Assessment ◽  
Particle Size Analysis ◽  
Index Formula ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Metal Concentrations ◽  
Lower Region ◽  
Sediment Samples ◽  
Ogun River

From depths of 0-5 cm, 5-10 cm and 10-15 cm, sediment samples were collected from three locations in the lower region of the Ogun River Basin, namely Mokoloki, Oke-Oko and Kara. The samples were obtained using Van Veen sediment grab after which they were stored in well labeled polythene bags for onward transportation to the laboratory. For pH and conductivity, samples were determined in-situ using standard methods by the American Public Health Association of 1992 while Organic Carbon was determined by the Wakley Method. The sediments were then air dried before analysis for particle size and metal concentration. Induced Couple Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP/MS) was used to determine metal concentrations. Data obtained were used to determine the geochemical pollution intensities for the various sediment samples. The results of physicochemical analyses revealed all sediment samples to be alkaline, while particle size analysis showed that the sediments were sandy. All metal concentrations for Cu, Pb, As, Zn, Hg, Cd, and Cr were lower than the Environment Canada Sediment Quality Guideline standards of 35.70 ppm, 35.00 ppm, 0.60 ppm, 123.00 ppm, 5.90 ppm, 0.17 ppm and 37.50 ppm, respectively. The low metal concen-trationsobtained from the trace metal analyses were confirmed with an ‘unpolluted status’ obtained for all sediment samples analyzed using the geochemical accumulation index formula. Results showed that metal concentrations in these areas are low and do not pose a threat to the survival of living organisms living in sediments or the surrounding environment.

Chemical Composition and Metal Speciation in Porewaters from the Upper Qu’Appelle River Basin, Saskatchewan

1993 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard E. Farrell ◽  
Jae E. Yang ◽  
P. Ming Huang ◽  
Wen K. Liaw
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Trace Metal ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Drainage Basin ◽  
Metal Speciation ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Metal Concentrations ◽  
Carbonate Equilibria ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Porewater samples from the upper Qu’Appelle River basin in Saskatchewan, Canada, were analyzed to obtain metal, inorganic ligand and amino add profiles. These data were used to compute the aqueous speciation of the metals in each porewater using the computer program GEOCHEM-PC. The porewaters were classified as slightly to moderately saline. Metal concentrations reflected both the geology of the drainage basin and the impact of anthropogenic activities. Whereas K and Na were present almost entirely as the free aquo ions, carbonate equilibria dominated the speciation of Ca. Mg and Mn (the predominant metal ligand species were of the type MCO3 (s). MCO30. and MHCO3+). Trace metal concentrations were generally within the ranges reported for non-polluted freshwater systems. Whereas the speciation of the trace metals Cr(III) and Co(II) was dominated by carbonate equilibria, Hg(II)-, Zn(II)- and Fe(II)-speciation was dominated by hydroxy-metal complexes of the type M(OH)+ and M(OH)2°. The speciation of Fe(III) was dominated by Fe(OH)3 (s). In porewaters with high chloride concentrations (> 2 mM), however, significant amounts of Hg(II) were bound as HgCl20 and HgClOH0. The aqueous speciation of Al was dominated by Al(OH)4− and Al2Si2O4(OH)6 (s). Total concentrations of dissolved free amino acids varied from 15.21 to 25.17 umole L−1. The most important metal scavenging amino acids were histidine (due to high stability constants for the metal-histidine complexes) and tryptophan (due to its relatively high concentration in the porewaters. i.e., 5.96 to 7.73 umole L−1). Secondary concentrations of various trace metal-amino add complexes were computed for all the porewaters, but metal-amino acid complexes dominated the speciation of Cu(II) in all the porewaters and Ni(II) in two of the porewaters.

Dose-Related Toxicity of Copper and Cadmium in Striped Bass Larvae from the Chesapeake Bay: Field Considerations

1988 ◽  
Vol 20 (6-7) ◽  
pp. 39-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
David A. Wright
Keyword(s):  
Chesapeake Bay ◽  
Striped Bass ◽  
Toxic Metal ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Metal Concentrations ◽  
Frequency Distributions ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Toxic Concentrations ◽  
And Control ◽  
Spawning Tributaries

Copper and cadmium monitoring in Chesapeake Bay sediments indicates that metal contamination exists in nursery areas for striped bass (Moronesaxatilis), which has been in serious decline over the last 17 years. Whole water metal concentrations in one spawning river were within an order of magnitude of published acutely toxic concentrations. Larval striped bass were exposed in the laboratory to copper and cadmium concentrations which were acutely toxic over a 96h period (24 and 19 µg L−1, respectively), and to sub-lethal concentrations of these metals over a three week period. Larvae from acutely toxic metal treatments, sub-lethal metal concentrations and control tanks were analyzed for cadmium and copper and the frequency distribution of metal body burdens was compared with field data. The distribution of copper concentrations in laboratory-exposed larvae was completely within the range of field specimens, and there was considerable overlap in cadmium frequency distributions from laboratory and field larvae. These results together with other published data suggest that environmental metal concentrations in some spawning tributaries of the Chesapeake Bay may pose a threat to striped bass, and the suggestion is made that greater efforts should be made to link laboratory and field toxicological data.

scholarly journals Little Akaki River sediment enrichment with heavy metals, pollution load and potential ecological risks in downstream, Central Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Deshu Mamo Mekuria ◽  
Alemnew Berhanu Kassegne ◽  
Seyoum Leta Asfaw
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
River Sediment ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Sediment Quality ◽  
Contamination Factor ◽  
Anthropogenic Sources ◽  
Ecological Risks ◽  
Pollution Load ◽  
Akaki River

Abstract Addis Ababa City’s river ecosystem is under extreme pressure as a result of inappropriate practices of dumping domestic and industrial wastes; thus, threatening its ability to maintain basic ecological, social and economic functions. Little Akaki River which drains through Addis Ababa City receives inorganic and organic pollutants from various anthropogenic sources. Most of inorganic pollutants such as toxic heavy metals released into the river are eventually adsorbed and settle in the sediment. The objective of this study was to evaluate the enrichment levels, pollution load and ecological risks of selected heavy metals (Zn, Cr, Cd and Pb) using various indices. The mean concentrations of heavy metals in Little Akaki River sediment were: Zn (78.96 ± 0.021–235.2 ± 0.001 mg/kg); Cr (2.19 ± 0.014–440.8 ± 0.003 mg/kg); Cd (2.09 ± 0.001–4.16 ± 0.0001 mg/kg) and Pb (30.92 ± 0.018–596.4 ± 0.066 mg/kg). Enrichment factor values indicated that sediments were moderate to significantly enriched with Zn and Cr; moderate to very highly enriched with Pb, and very highly enriched in all sampled sites with Cd. Geo-accumulation index and contamination factor values indicated that the sediments were moderate to very highly contaminated with toxic Cd and Pb. The decreasing order of pollution load index (PLI) in downstream was: (S9) > (S4) > (S8) > (S3) > (S6) > (S10) > (S5) > (S2) > (S7) > (S1). PLI and hierarchical cluster analysis revealed that the highest pollution load occurred in the lower course of the river (S9) which may be due to metals inputs from anthropogenic sources. The ecological risk (RI = 350.62) suggested that the contaminated Little Akaki River sediment can pose considerable ecological risks of pollution. The concentrations of Zn, Cr, Cd and Pb in Little Akaki River sediment surpassed eco-toxicological guideline limits of USEPA (threshold effect concentration) and CCME (Interim Sediment Quality Guidelines). Thus, the contaminated sediments can pose adverse biological effects on sediment dwelling organisms.

Effect of small-scale illegal mining on surface water and sediment quality in Ghana

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-26
Author(s):  
Humphrey Ferdinand Darko ◽  
Anthony Yaw Karikari ◽  
Anthony Appiah Duah ◽  
Bismark Awinbire Akurugu ◽  
Victor Mante ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Sediment Quality ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Illegal Mining ◽  
Water And Sediment ◽  
Water And Sediment Quality

Metal Speciation in Separate Stormwater Systems

1990 ◽  
Vol 22 (10-11) ◽  
pp. 53-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. M. P. Morrison ◽  
D. M. Revitt ◽  
J. B. Ellis
Keyword(s):  
Organic Material ◽  
Metal Speciation ◽  
Anodic Stripping Voltammetry ◽  
Toxic Metal ◽  
Stripping Voltammetry ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Suspended Solid ◽  
Metal Species ◽  
The Road ◽  
Organic Complexes

Biogeochemical processes, affecting metal speciation in a gullypot system and at stormwater outfalls, are investigated. Ionic Pb and Cu species released from road sediments by add rain are scavenged by dissolved organic material and suspended solids as a result of a rise in pH through the road/gullypot system. Cadmium and Zn tend to remain in the dissolved phase. Bacterial activity and add dissolution produce increases in dissolved metal in the gullypot liquor and it is these metals which contribute to the early storm profile. Metals in basal gullypot sediments are readily mobilised during high volume/intensity storms. The resulting stormwater contains dissolved ionic forms of Cd and Zn, while Pb is mostly adsorbed to suspended solid surfaces. Copper also binds to solids, although approximately 50% is transported by dissolved organic material (molecular weight ≈ 1000-5000). For the separation of directly toxic metal species, anodic stripping voltammetry at polymer coated electrodes is preferred. Lead and Cu are present as iron/humic colloids and organic complexes respectively, which are not directly toxic to algae. Cadmium is predominantly ionic and inorganically complexed and therefore directly toxic. It is recommended that the highly toxic lipid soluble metal species should be analysed in stormwater.

scholarly journals Trace Metal Contamination Characteristics and Health Risks Assessment ofCommelina africanaL. and Psammitic Sandflats in the Niger Delta, Nigeria

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nsikak U. Benson ◽  
Paul A. Enyong ◽  
Omowunmi H. Fred-Ahmadu
Keyword(s):  
Trace Metal ◽  
Niger Delta ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Hazard Quotient ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Sediment Quality ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Metal Concentrations ◽  
Metal Levels

The purpose of this study was to investigate and quantify trace metal concentrations inCommelina africanaL. and psammitic sandflats from an intertidal coastal ecosystem in Niger Delta, Nigeria, and to evaluate their spatial distribution, degree of contamination, and source apportionment. The environmental risks associated with soil contamination were elaborately assessed using potential ecological risk index, sediment quality guidelines, and enrichment relative to background levels. The mean concentrations of Cd, Cr, Ni, Pb, and Zn in sandflat soil samples are0.76±9.0×10-2,7.39±8.7×10-1,2.28±0.35,0.024±4.0×10-3, and74.51±2.55 mg/kg, respectively. Metal levels indicate strong variability with sampling sites. The order of trace metal concentrations in theCommelina africanaL. samples isZn>Ni>Cr>Pb>Cd. The concentrations varied with the sample locations; and the levels of Pb (0.05 to 0.08 mg/kg) at all locations are found to be significantly below permissible level of 0.3 mg/kg. Potential sources of metal loadings may be associated with localised or diffused anthropogenic activities. The average carcinogenic risks are below1.0×10-6threshold values, and the sandflat soils are not considered to pose significant health effects to children and adult males and females. However, the carcinogenicity and noncarcinogenicity risks ranking decrease following the orderchildren>adult  males>adult  females. Comparatively, the hazard quotient and hazard index indicate that the psammitic sandflats might pose a health risk to children in future.

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