scholarly journals Prognostic factors of time to first abortion after sexual debut among fragile State Congolese women: a survival analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Ekholuenetale ◽  
Charity Ehimwenma Ekholuenetale ◽  
Amadou Barrow
Keyword(s):  
Formal Education ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Sexual Debut ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Unwanted Pregnancy ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy

Abstract Background: Despite the common restrictive abortion laws, abortion remains widespread in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) countries. Women still utilize abortion services and put their lives and health at risk because abortion can only be procured illegally in private facilities such as mid-level or small patent medicine store that may be manned by unskilled providers or through a non-medicated approach. The objective of this study was to determine median years and factors of time to first abortion after sexual debut among Congolese women.Methods: We used data from the most recent Republic of Congo Demographic and Health Survey (DHS). A total sample of 3,622 women aged 15-49 years was analyzed. We estimated the overall prevalence of abortion and median years to first abortion. Furthermore, we examined the factors of time to first abortion after sexual debut using multivariable Cox regression and reported the estimates using adjusted Hazard Ratio (aHR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Statistical significance was determined at p<0.05.Results: The prevalence of abortion was 60.0% and median years of time to first abortion after sexual debut was 9.0. The prominent reasons for abortion were due to too short birth interval (23.8%), lack of money (21.0%) and that husband/partner did not need a child at that time (14.0%). Women’s age and region were notable factors in timing to first abortion. Furthermore, women from poorer, middle, richer and richest households had 34%, 67%, 86% and 94% higher risk of abortion respectively, when compared with women from poorest households (aHR estimates). Women currently in union/living with a man and formerly in union had 41% and 29% reduction in the risk of abortion respectively, when compared with those never in union (aHR estimates). In addition, women with primary and secondary+ education had 42% and 76% higher risk of abortion respectively, when compared with women with no formal education (aHR estimates).Conclusion: There was high prevalence of abortion with short years at first abortion. Abortion was associated with women’s characteristics. There is need for unwanted pregnancy prevention intervention and the improvement in pregnancy care to reduce adverse pregnancy outcomes among women.

scholarly journals Prognostic Factors of Time to First Abortion After Sexual Debut Among Fragile State Congolese Women: A Survival Analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Ekholuenetale ◽  
Charity Ehimwenma Ekholuenetale ◽  
Amadou Barrow
Keyword(s):  
Formal Education ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Sexual Debut ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Unwanted Pregnancy ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy

Abstract Background: Despite the common restrictive abortion laws, abortion remains widespread in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) countries. Women still utilize abortion services and put their lives and health at risk because abortion can only be procured illegally in private facilities such as mid-level or small patent medicine store that may be manned by unskilled providers or through a non-medicated approach. The objective of this study was to determine median years and factors of time to first abortion after sexual debut among Congolese women.Methods: We used data from the most recent Republic of Congo Demographic and Health Survey (DHS). A total sample of 3,622 women aged 15-49 years was analyzed. We estimated the overall prevalence of abortion and median years to first abortion. Furthermore, we examined the factors of time to first abortion after sexual debut using multivariable Cox regression and reported the estimates using adjusted Hazard Ratio (aHR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Statistical significance was determined at p<0.05.Results: The prevalence of abortion was 60.0% and median years of time to first abortion after sexual debut was 9.0. The prominent reasons for abortion were due to too short birth interval (23.8%), lack of money (21.0%) and that husband/partner did not need a child at that time (14.0%). Women’s age and region were notable factors in timing to first abortion. Furthermore, women from poorer, middle, richer and richest households had 34%, 67%, 86% and 94% higher risk of abortion respectively, when compared with women from poorest households. Women currently in union/living with a man and formerly in union had 41% and 29% reduction in the risk of abortion respectively, when compared with those never in union. In addition, women with primary and secondary+ education had 42% and 76% higher risk of abortion respectively, when compared with women with no formal education. Conclusion: There was high prevalence of abortion with short years at first abortion. Abortion was associated with women’s characteristics. There is need for unwanted pregnancy prevention intervention and the improvement in pregnancy care to reduce adverse pregnancy outcomes among women.

scholarly journals Prognostic factors of time to first abortion after sexual debut among fragile State Congolese women: a survival analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Ekholuenetale ◽  
Charity Ehimwenma Ekholuenetale ◽  
Amadou Barrow
Keyword(s):  
Formal Education ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Sexual Debut ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Unwanted Pregnancy ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy

Abstract Background: Despite the common restrictive abortion laws, abortion remains widespread in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) countries. Women still utilize abortion services and put their lives and health at risk because abortion can only be procured illegally in private facilities such as mid-level or small patent medicine store that may be manned by unskilled providers or through a non-medicated approach. The objective of this study was to determine median years and factors of time to first abortion after sexual debut among Congolese women.Methods: We used data from the most recent Republic of Congo Demographic and Health Survey (DHS). A total sample of 3,622 women aged 15-49 years was analyzed. We estimated the overall prevalence of abortion and median years to first abortion. Furthermore, we examined the factors of time to first abortion after sexual debut using multivariable Cox regression and reported the estimates using adjusted Hazard Ratio (aHR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Statistical significance was determined at p<0.05.Results: The prevalence of abortion was 60.0% and median years of time to first abortion after sexual debut was 9.0. The prominent reasons for abortion were due to too short birth interval (23.8%), lack of money (21.0%) and that husband/partner did not need a child at that time (14.0%). Women’s age and region were notable factors in timing to first abortion. Furthermore, women from poorer, middle, richer and richest households had 34%, 67%, 86% and 94% higher risk of abortion respectively, when compared with women from poorest households (aHR estimates). Women currently in union/living with a man and formerly in union had 41% and 29% reduction in the risk of abortion respectively, when compared with those never in union (aHR estimates). In addition, women with primary and secondary+ education had 42% and 76% higher risk of abortion respectively, when compared with women with no formal education (aHR estimates). Conclusion: There was high prevalence of abortion with short years at first abortion. Abortion was associated with women’s characteristics. There is need for unwanted pregnancy prevention intervention and the improvement in pregnancy care to reduce adverse pregnancy outcomes among women.

scholarly journals Prognostic factors of time to first abortion after sexual debut among fragile state Congolese women: a survival analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Ekholuenetale ◽  
Charity Ehimwenma Ekholuenetale ◽  
Amadou Barrow
Keyword(s):  
Formal Education ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Sexual Debut ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Unwanted Pregnancy ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Republic Of Congo ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy

Abstract Background Despite the common restrictive abortion laws, abortion remains widespread in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) countries. Women still utilize abortion services and put their lives and health at risk because abortion can only be procured illegally in private facilities such as mid-level or small patent medicine store that may be manned by unskilled providers or through a non-medicated approach. The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence of abortion, the reasons women had abortions, median years to first abortion after sexual debut and examine the factors of time to first abortion among women of reproductive age in the Republic of Congo. Methods We used data from the most recent Republic of Congo Demographic and Health Survey (DHS). A total sample of 3622 women aged 15–49 years was analyzed. We estimated the overall prevalence of abortion and median years to first abortion. Furthermore, we examined the factors of time to first abortion after sexual debut using multivariable Cox regression and reported the estimates using adjusted Hazard Ratio (aHR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Statistical significance was determined at p < 0.05. Results The prevalence of abortion was 60.0% and median years of time to first abortion after sexual debut was 9.0. The prominent reasons for abortion were due to too short birth interval (23.8%), lack of money (21.0%) and that husband/partner did not need a child at that time (14.0%). Women’s age and region were notable factors in timing to first abortion. Furthermore, women from poorer, middle, richer and richest households had 34, 67, 86 and 94% higher risk of abortion respectively, when compared with women from poorest households (all p < 0.05). Women currently in union/living with a man and formerly in union had 41 and 29% reduction in the risk of abortion respectively, when compared with those never in union (all p < 0.05). In addition, women with primary and secondary+ education had 42 and 76% higher risk of abortion respectively, when compared with women with no formal education (all p < 0.05). Conclusion There was high prevalence of abortion with short years at first abortion. Abortion was associated with women’s characteristics. There is need for unwanted pregnancy prevention intervention and the improvement in pregnancy care to reduce adverse pregnancy outcomes among women.

scholarly journals Levels and socioeconomic correlates of nonmarital fertility in Ghana

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. e0247189
Author(s):  
Samuel H. Nyarko ◽  
Lloyd Potter
Keyword(s):  
Formal Education ◽  
Sexual Debut ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Demographic And Health Surveys ◽  
Nonmarital Fertility ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Poor Households ◽  
Sub Saharan

Childbirth outside marriage has several negative implications for the well-being of children, women, and families globally. In sub-Saharan Africa, however, the phenomenon appears to be under-studied. In this study, we examine the levels and socioeconomic correlates of nonmarital fertility in Ghana. Using pooled data from the 2003, 2008, and the 2014 Ghana Demographic and Health Surveys, logistic regression models were used in determining significantly predictive factors of nonmarital fertility. The results show that nonmarital fertility levels have been on the rise over time without any sign of reduction (24.0%, 33.0%, and 40.0% for 2003, 2008, and 2014, respectively). Some socioeconomic characteristics are linked to nonmarital fertility levels with women without formal education, women from poor households, and self-employed women having significantly higher nonmarital fertility risks. Also, older unmarried women, women who have an early sexual debut, cohabiters, women with unmet need for family planning are all associated with considerably higher risks of nonmarital childbearing. A few significant regional disparities also exist, with the Central Region having higher whereas the Upper West Region has lower risks of nonmarital fertility compared to the Greater Accra Region. Childbirth outside marriage is a social concern among women in Ghana. The findings have possible implications for bridging socioeconomic disparities among unmarried women.

scholarly journals Multiple Mammarenaviruses Circulating in Angolan Rodents

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 982
Author(s):  
Jana Těšíková ◽  
Jarmila Krásová ◽  
Joëlle Goüy de Bellocq
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Area ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Virus Diversity ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Biogeographical Regions ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Rodent Community ◽  
High Virus ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Virus Genomes

Rodents are a speciose group of mammals with strong zoonotic potential. Some parts of Africa are still underexplored for the occurrence of rodent-borne pathogens, despite this high potential. Angola is at the convergence of three major biogeographical regions of sub-Saharan Africa, each harbouring a specific rodent community. This rodent-rich area is, therefore, strategic for studying the diversity and evolution of rodent-borne viruses. In this study we examined 290 small mammals, almost all rodents, for the presence of mammarenavirus and hantavirus RNA. While no hantavirus was detected, we found three rodent species positive for distinct mammarenaviruses with a particularly high prevalence in Namaqua rock rats (Micaelamys namaquensis). We characterised four complete virus genomes, which showed typical mammarenavirus organisation. Phylogenetic and genetic distance analyses revealed: (i) the presence of a significantly divergent strain of Luna virus in Angolan representatives of the ubiquitous Natal multimammate mouse (Mastomys natalensis), (ii) a novel Okahandja-related virus associated with the Angolan lineage of Micaelamys namaquensis for which we propose the name Bitu virus (BITV) and (iii) the occurrence of a novel Mobala-like mammarenavirus in the grey-bellied pygmy mouse (Mus triton) for which we propose the name Kwanza virus (KWAV). This high virus diversity in a limited host sample size and in a relatively small geographical area supports the idea that Angola is a hotspot for mammarenavirus diversity.

scholarly journals High prevalence of Schistosoma haematobium × Schistosoma bovis hybrids in schoolchildren in Côte d'Ivoire

Parasitology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 147 (3) ◽  
pp. 287-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Etienne K. Angora ◽  
Jean-François Allienne ◽  
Olivier Rey ◽  
Hervé Menan ◽  
André O. Touré ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cote D'ivoire ◽  
Schistosoma Haematobium ◽  
Côte D’Ivoire ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Cote D’Ivoire ◽  
Mitochondrial Cox1 ◽  
Fta Cards ◽  
Côte D'ivoire ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Sub Saharan

AbstractSchistosomiasis is a neglected tropical disease, though it is highly prevalent in many parts of sub-Saharan Africa. While Schistosoma haematobium-bovis hybrids have been reported in West Africa, no data about Schistosoma hybrids in humans are available from Côte d'Ivoire. This study aimed to identify and quantify S. haematobium-bovis hybrids among schoolchildren in four localities of Côte d'Ivoire. Urine samples were collected and examined by filtration to detect Schistosoma eggs. Eggs were hatched and 503 miracidia were individually collected and stored on Whatman® FTA cards for molecular analysis. Individual miracidia were molecularly characterized by analysis of mitochondrial cox1 and nuclear internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS 2) DNA regions. A mitochondrial cox1-based diagnostic polymerase chain reaction was performed on 459 miracidia, with 239 (52.1%) exhibiting the typical band for S. haematobium and 220 (47.9%) the S. bovis band. The cox1 and ITS 2 amplicons were Sanger sequenced from 40 randomly selected miracidia to confirm species and hybrids status. Among the 33 cox1 sequences analysed, we identified 15 S. haematobium sequences (45.5%) belonging to seven haplotypes and 18 S. bovis sequences (54.5%) belonging to 12 haplotypes. Of 40 ITS 2 sequences analysed, 31 (77.5%) were assigned to pure S. haematobium, four (10.0%) to pure S. bovis and five (12.5%) to S. haematobium-bovis hybrids. Our findings suggest that S. haematobium-bovis hybrids are common in Côte d'Ivoire. Hence, intense prospection of domestic and wild animals is warranted to determine whether zoonotic transmission occurs.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Anemia and Undernutrition of Adolescent Females in Selected Schools in Ghana

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Marina Aferiba Tandoh ◽  
Abigail Owusuaa Appiah ◽  
Anthony Kwaku Edusei
Keyword(s):  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Adolescent Females ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Health And Wellness ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Poor Nutrition ◽  
Prevalence Of Anemia

Anemia among adolescent females is a major worldwide public health problem which should be given appropriate attention. Half of all anemic cases are caused by iron deficiency. In addition to anemia, poor nutrition is also a challenge in sub-Saharan Africa. This study determined the prevalence of anemia and undernutrition among adolescent females in school. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 151 adolescent females in four basic schools in the Ahafo region of Ghana. The hemoglobin level and anthropometry measures of participants were taken to determine their anemic and nutritional status. The prevalence of anemia among adolescent females in school was 50.3%. Out of the 151 participants, 6.6%, 19.9%, and 23.8% were severely anemic, moderately anemic, or mildly anemic, respectively. Only 2% of the participants were underweight, but the rate of stunting was 26.5%. The notable high prevalence of anemia that was found among adolescent females was correlated with other health and wellness concerns. Anemia and under nutrition negatively affect academic performance, productivity, and general wellbeing of adolescents; therefore, effective measures should be put in place to correct and eradicate these nutritional problems.

scholarly journals Predictors of three-month mortality among hospitalized older adults in Togo

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fifonsi Adjidossi GBEASOR-KOMLANVI ◽  
Martin Kouame TCHANKONI ◽  
Akila Wimima BAKOUBAYI ◽  
Matthieu Yaovi LOKOSSOU ◽  
Arnold SADIO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Hospital Mortality ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Hospitalized Older Adults ◽  
Sub Saharan

Abstract Background: Assessing hospital mortality and its predictors is important as some of these can be prevented through appropriate interventions. Few studies have reported hospital mortality data among older adults in sub-Saharan Africa. The objective of this study was to assess the mortality and associated factors among hospitalized older adults in Togo.Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study from February 2018 to September 2019 among patients ≥50 years admitted in medical and surgical services of six hospitals in Togo. Data were recorded during hospitalization and through telephone follow-up survey within 90 days after admission. The main outcome was all-cause mortality at 3 months. Survival curves were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression analyses were performed to assess predictors of mortality.Results: The median age of the 650 older adults included in the study period was 61 years, IQR: [55-70] and at least one comorbidity was identified in 59.7% of them. The all-cause mortality rate of 17.2% (95%CI: 14.4-20.4) and the majority of death (93.7%) occurred in hospital. Overall survival rate was 85.5% and 82.8% after 30 and 90 days of follow-up, respectively. Factors associated with 3-month mortality were the hospital level in the health pyramid, hospitalization service, length of stay, functional impairment, depression and malignant diseases.Conclusion: Togolese health system needs to adjust its response to an aging population in order to provide the most effective care.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document