scholarly journals Fungus (Alternaria sp.) Mediated Silver Nanoparticles Synthesis, Characterization and Application as Phyto-Pathogens Growth Inhibitor

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theint Theint Win ◽  
Sikandar Khan ◽  
Pengcheng Fu
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Growth Inhibitor ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Phytopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Synthesis Of Nanoparticles ◽  
Alternaria Sp ◽  
Uv Visible

Abstract Background: Biogenic nanoparticles have proved to be effective biocontrol agents for certain plant diseases. It possesses the potential for extensive use for sustainable agriculture. Many attempts have been made to synthesize nano-based antifungal compounds for the management of soil borne pathogenic fungi for crops.Results: In our work, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) was constructed with phytopathogenic fungi (Alternaria sp.) which was isolated from banana cultivated soil. Alternaria sp. was able to grow rapidly and produce highly bioactive compounds as safe antifungal agent against plant pathogenic fungi (Fusarium spp. and Alternaria sp.). The size of synthesized silver nanoparticles ranged between 5-10 nm. Analytic tools, such as UV-visible spectroscopy, Fourier transformed infra-red (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), EDS and elemental mapping were used to visualize the formation of AgNPs. The UV-visible spectra showed the peak at 435 nm. The maximum inhibition zone was observed at 100 µl concentration of AgNPs for Fusarium oxysporum (21 ± 2 mm) following Alternaria sp. (20± 2 mm), suggested that the efficacy of the biosynthesized NPs against the phytopathogenic fungi.Conclusions: The resulting AgNPs showed distinct antifungal activity against selected pathogenic plant fungi. The work indicates that green reduction and biogenic synthesis of nanoparticles with benign fungi is an effective, low cost, sustainable and environmentally friendly approach for prevention of soil borne plant diseases.

scholarly journals Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles by Phyllanthus emblica Plant Extract and Their Antibacterial Activity

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 136-145
Author(s):  
Rajesh Kumar Meena ◽  
Risikesh Meena ◽  
Dinesh Kumar Arya ◽  
Sapana Jadoun ◽  
Renu Hada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Plant Extract ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Green Technology ◽  
Phyllanthus Emblica ◽  
Visible Spectroscopy ◽  
Synthesis Of Nanoparticles ◽  
Resonance Band ◽  
Uv Visible

The silver nanoparticle was successfully synthesized by using the help of Phyllanthus emblica plant extract as a reducing agent and aqueous silver nitrate as the precursor. Moreover, physical and chemical methods are widely used for the synthesis of nanoparticles, but these methods have expensive and not ecofriendly. This study highlights the green, rapid, facile, cost-effective, and ecofriendly synthesis and synthesized nanoparticles also investigate their antibacterial activity. Synthesized silver nanoparticles are analyzed by different techniques of modes like XRD, UV-Visible spectroscopy, TEM, FTIR, and photoluminescence (PL). The prepared AgNPs show characteristic absorption peak in UV-Visible spectroscopy due to SPR (surface plasmonic resonance) band between 400 to 450 nm wavelength, which was confirmed by TEM (transmission electron microscopy) image. X-ray diffraction (XRD) results showed the crystalline nature of AgNPs as well as the size of nanoparticles calculated with the help of TEM (20-25 nm) and XRD (25 nm). ATR spectroscopy identified the functional groups that are involved in the reduction of silver ion to AgNPs and the PL spectrum indicates higher emission in the green region and low emission peak in the UV region. Antibacterial activity of AgNPs analyzed against with the help of E.Coli bacteria and the result shows that a higher concentration of AgNPs is increasing as well as a zone of inhibition increased. This method is environmentally friendly, of low cost, and less expensive method for the fabrication of AgNPs in abundance which can be further helpful for biosensor devices as well as for other applications such as pollutant degradation, pharmaceutical, and hydrogen production, etc therefore can promote the application of green technology for the production of AgNPs.

Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles by Allamanda cathartica L. Leaf Extract and Evaluation for Antimicrobial Activity

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 2260-2268
Author(s):  
M. Linga Rao ◽  
Bhumi G ◽  
Savithramma N
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Fusarium Species ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Green Technology ◽  
Metallic Silver ◽  
Synthesis Of Nanoparticles ◽  
Aqueous Leaf Extract

Silver nanoparticles (SNPs) exhibit tremendous applications in medicine as antimicrobial agent.  The use of different parts of plants for the synthesis of nanoparticles is considered as a green technology as it does not involve any harmful chemicals.  In the present study, we report a rapid biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles from aqueous leaf extract of medicinal plant Allamanda cathartica.  The active phytochemicals present in the plant were responsible for the quick reduction of silver ion to metallic silver nanoparticles. The reduced silver nanoparticles were characterized by using UV-Vis spectrophotometry, Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Energy Dispersive Analysis of X-ray (EDAX) and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM).  The spherical shaped silver nanoparticles were observed and it was found to 19-40 nm range of size.  These phytosynthesized SNPs were tested for their antimicrobial activity and it analyzed by measuring the inhibitory zone. A. cathartica aqueous leaf extract of SNPs showed highest toxicity to Pseudomonas followed by Klebsiella, Bacillus and E. coli and lowest toxicity towards Proteus. In fungal species, highest inhibition zone was noted against Rhizopus followed by Curvularia, Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus niger and minimum inhibition zone was observed against Fusarium species.  These results suggest a promising potential of Indian plant-based green chemistry for production of SNPs for biomedical and nanotechnology applications.

scholarly journals BIOSYNTHESIS OF SILVER NANOPARTICLES USING MARINE MICROALGAE ISOCHRYSIS sp.

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Tevan R ◽  
Saravanan Jayakumar ◽  
Nor Haledah Ahmad Sahimi ◽  
Nur Farah Ain Iqbal ◽  
Iffah Zapri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Metal Nanoparticles ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Spherical Shape ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Marine Microalgae ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Uv Visible ◽  
193 Nm

Biosynthesis of metal nanoparticles has received a remarkable attention due to their eco-friendly and potential applications in pharmaceutical and medical fields. The searches for natural alternatives to replace biosynthetic nanoparticles have resulted in extensive studies of microalgal derived metal nanoparticles. Since there are very limited reports on Isochrysis sp. in synthesising metal nanoparticles, a novel initiative was taken to induce an environmentally friendly and low cost technique to biosynthesise the silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using marine microalgae, Isochrysis sp. Further, the synthesised silver nanoparticles were screened against human pathogen for antimicrobial effects. The characterisation of nanoparticles were confirmed by UV visible spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD). The results obtained from characterisations indicate that the AgNPs have an almost spherical shape with a various size of 98.1 to 193 nm. The synthesised nanoparticles exhibited outstanding antioxidant and antimicrobial activities.

scholarly journals Synthesis of silver nanoparticles: double-green approach of using chitosan and microwave technique towards antimicrobial activity against pathogenic bacteria

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 5918-5922 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Size Range ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Heterogeneous Distribution ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Green Approach ◽  
Dual Mechanism

A double green approach to the synthesis of silver nanoparticles using chitosan as a reducing agent and microwave radiation has been carried out in this study. Chitosan was extracted from marine crab carapace and the morphology of the produced chitosan was characterized using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The production of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) was monitored by the formation of surface plasmon resonance (SPR) at the λmax= 420 nm, indicates the reduction of the oxidation state of Ag+ to Ag0. The XRD data confirms the crystallinity nature of obtained AgNps, while the SEM and TEM revealed the formation of near-spherical shapes, polydisperse, heterogeneous distribution of AgNps with the size range between 7 to 25 nm. The antimicrobial activities of the AgNPs were investigated using The prepared AgNPs demonstrated dual mechanism action with chitosan, which acted as a stabilizer on the surface of AgNPs, and enhance the inhibition zone against E. tarda and E. coli. Therefore, the synthesized AgNPs in this study may have excellent potential for clinical application as it is green, low-cost and eco-friendly.

scholarly journals Effect of silver nanoparticles, synthesized from fleshy stem and leaves extract of Brassica campestrisL., on Alternari lini inhibition

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 86-91
Author(s):  
Syed Awais Hussain Shah
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Field Emission ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Colour Change ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Significant Inhibition ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Linum Usitatissimum L ◽  
Uv Visible

Several fungal pathogens showed resistance against pesticides, plant mediated synthesized silver nanoparticles have been recognized as effective against them. The present research work was an attempt to synthesize silver nanoparticles by using fleshy stem and leaves ex-tract of Brassica compestris L. from silver nitrate, which reduces it to synthesized silver nanoparticles. Biosynthesized AgNP’s were char-acterized by different techniques like UV-visible spectrophotometry and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy and fungal inhibi-tory activity by well diffusion method. The colour change of solution indicated the synthesis of silver nanoparticles. UV-visible spectro-photometer showed the peak between 415 to 455 nm for fleshy stem and leaves extract of B. compestris and Field Emission Scanning Elec-tron Microscope analysis revealed that spherical shaped nanoparti-cles with size 20-65 nm. These synthesized nanoparticles showed in-hibitory activity against fungi, Alternaria lini, a linseed blight patho-gen which causes linseed blight disease in Linum usitatissimum L. The 30 μl concentrations of silver nanoparticles had showed significant inhibition to growth of A. lini. These findings may suggest AgNP’s syn-thesized by B. compestris used against plant pathogenic fungi.

scholarly journals Essential Oils as Potential Alternative Biocontrol Products against Plant Pathogens and Weeds: A Review

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin Raveau ◽  
Joël Fontaine ◽  
Anissa Lounès-Hadj Sahraoui
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Phytopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Present Review ◽  
Traditional Medicines ◽  
Wide Range

Naturally produced by aromatic plants, essential oils (EO) contain a wide range of volatile molecules, including mostly secondary metabolites, which possess several biological activities. Essential oils properties such as antioxidant, antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activities are known for a long time and hence widely used in traditional medicines, cosmetics and food industries. However, despite their effects against many phytopathogenic fungi, oomycetes and bacteria as well as weeds, their use in agriculture remains surprisingly scarce. The purpose of the present review is to gather and discuss up-to-date biological activities of EO against weeds, plant pathogenic fungi, oomycetes and bacteria, reported in the scientific literature. Innovative methods, potentially valuable to improve the efficiency and reliability of EO, have been investigated. In particular, their use towards a more sustainable agriculture has been discussed, aiming at encouraging the use of alternative products to substitute synthetic pesticides to control weeds and plant diseases, without significantly affecting crop yields. An overview of the market and the recent advances on the regulation of these products as well as future challenges to promote their development and wider use in disease management programs is described. Because of several recent reviews on EO insecticidal properties, this topic is not covered in the present review.

scholarly journals Diffusible and Volatile Antifungal Compounds Produced by Pseudomonas chlororaphis subsp. aurantiaca ST-TJ4 against Various Phytopathogenic Fungi

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei-Liang Kong ◽  
Pu-Sheng Li ◽  
Xiao-Qin Wu ◽  
Tian-Yu Wu ◽  
Xiao-Rui Sun
Keyword(s):  
Control Plant ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria ◽  
Phytopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Pseudomonas Chlororaphis ◽  
Headspace Collection ◽  
Rdna Sequences ◽  
16S Rdna Sequences ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting

Abstract Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria can potentially be used as an alternative strategy to control plant disease. In this study, strain ST-TJ4 isolated from the rhizosphere soil of a healthy poplar was found to have strong antifungal activity against 11 phytopathogenic fungi in agriculture and forestry. Strain ST-TJ4 was identified as Pseudomonas chlororaphis subsp. aurantiaca based on 16S rDNA sequences. The bacterium can produce siderophores, cellulase, and protease, and has genes involved in the synthesis of phenazine, 1-phenazinecarboxylic acid, pyrrolnitrin, and hydrogen cyanide. Moreover, the volatile compounds released by strain ST-TJ4 can inhibit the mycelial growth of plant pathogenic fungi more than diffusible substances can. Based on volatile compound profiles of strain ST-TJ4 obtained from headspace collection and GC-MS/MS analysis, 1-undecene was identified. In summary, the results suggested that P. chlororaphis subsp. aurantiaca ST-TJ4 can be used as a biocontrol agent for various plant diseases caused by phytopathogenic fungi.

scholarly journals Antifungal Effects of Silver Nanoparticles Against Various Plant Pathogenic Fungi and its Safety Evaluation on Drosophila melanogaster

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 6587-6596 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Safety Evaluation ◽  
Alternaria Solani ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Corynespora Cassiicola ◽  
Fusarium Spp ◽  
Ag Nps ◽  
Visible Absorption ◽  
Uv Visible

In the present study, silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) were synthesized by a chemical and biological method. Further, nanoparticles were characterized for their morphological feature using techniques like UV-Visible, TEM, XRD, and zeta potential. Sharp UV-visible absorption maximum at 410 was observed for biological synthesized silver nanoparticles (Bio-AgNPs), whereas for chemical synthesized silver nanoparticles (CH-AgNPs) peak was observed at 414 nm. TEM micrograph confirmed the formation of spherical nanoparticles dominantly via both protocols with an average size of nanoparticles was 50 nm and 25 nm for CH-AgNPs and Bio-NPs, respectively. Further, the antimicrobial potential of AgNPs was evaluated at different concentrations (25-100 ppm), against three pathogenic plant fungus plant (Alternaria solani, Corynespora cassiicola, and Fusarium spp.), in two different fungal media in term of inhibition of radial growth. Up to 100% inhibition for Alternaria solani and Fusarium spp. and 85% inhibition for Corynespora cassiicola was observed at 100 ppm AgNPs concentration on potato dextrose agar (PDA). Further, exposure of AgNPs on Drosophila melanogaster confirmed that Bio-AgNPs are nontoxic as compared to CH-AgNPS. Hence it can be concluded that Bio-AgNPs are safe to use due to their nontoxic nature.

Application of Acacia modesta and Dalbergia sissoo gums as green matrix for silver nanoparticle binding

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hira Munir ◽  
Muhammad Shahid ◽  
Fozia Anjum ◽  
Muhammad Nadeem Akhtar ◽  
Sayed M. Badawy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Dalbergia Sissoo ◽  
Visible Spectroscopy ◽  
Green Matrix ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Uv Visible ◽  
Cost Efficient

AbstractA low-cost, efficient, and ecofriendly method for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using gums as reducing agent was performed. The obtained nanoparticles were characterized by UV-visible spectroscopy. The antibacterial activity of the prepared nanoparticles was tested against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. The

Flower-Mediated Phytosynthesis of Silver Nanoparticles from Butea monosperma Lam. and their Evaluation for Antibacterial Activity

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 4718-4723
Author(s):  
Dipika Rathod ◽  
Illa Patel ◽  
Priyanka Chaudhari ◽  
Anita Solanki Solanki
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Metallic Nanoparticles ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Butea Monosperma ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Synthesis Of Nanoparticles ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
Uv Visible ◽  
And Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Silver Metal

The green synthesis of metallic nanoparticles is the simplest, affordable and eco-friendly approach, which attracted researchers because of their immense applications. The plant-mediated synthesis of nanoparticles plays an important role in the field of nanobiotechnology as they devoid of harmful chemicals. Plenty of reports were available on synthesis of silver nanoparticles using the vegetative parts of plant especially foliar/leaf parts but reports on floral/flower parts utilized for silver nanoparticles synthesis were limited. Although flowers were found as potential source of many important phytochemicals which can be used for treatments of many diseases and Butea monosperma Lam. Flowers were utilized for curing several diseases so, here its extract were used for synthesis of silver nanoparticles by using it as capping and stabilizing agent. The present study, deals with synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) from Butea monosperma Lam. Flower extracts through greener approach and then synthesized AgNPs were characterized using UV- visible spectrometry, X-Ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) spectroscopy and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) which confirms its synthesis from silver metal. Further, the anti-bacterial properties of the synthesized silver nanoparticles were studied, and the results revealed that the flower mediated silver nanoparticles had showed strong anti-bacterial activity against Pseudomonas sp., Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus.

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