scholarly journals Diversity, trait preferences, management and utilization of yams landraces (Dioscorea species): an orphan crop in DR Congo

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Idris I Adejumobi ◽  
Paterne AGRE ◽  
Didy O. Anautshu ◽  
Joseph G. Adheka ◽  
Mokonzi G. Banbanota ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Diversity Management ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Dr Congo ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Germplasm Diversity ◽  
Dioscorea Species ◽  
Soil Status ◽  
Abundance And Distribution ◽  
Orphan Crop

Abstract BackgroundYam ( Dioscorea spp .) is cultivated in many villages of DR Congo as a means to sustain food security and alleviate poverty. However, the extent of the existing diversity has not been studied in details thus, considered as an orphan.MethodologyA survey covering 540 farmers in 54 villages was conducted in six major yam growing territories covering three provinces in DR Congo to investigate the diversity, management and utilization of yam landraces using pre-elaborate questionnaires.ResultsSubject to synonymy, a total of 67 landraces clones from five different species were recorded. Farmers’ challenges limiting yam production were poor tuber qualities (69%), harvest pest attack (7%), difficulty in harvesting (6%), poor soil status (6%). The overall diversity was moderate among the recorded yam germplasm maintained at the household level (1.32) and variability exist in diversity amongst the territories and provinces. Farmers’ in territories of Tshopo and Mongala provinces maintained higher level of germplasm diversity (2.79 and 2.77) compared to the farmers in territories of Bas-Uélé (1.67). Some yam landraces had limited abundance and distribution due to loss of production interest in many villages attributable to poisons contained hence, resulting in possible extinction. Farmers’ most preferred seed source for cultivation were backyard (43%) and exchange with neighboring farmers (31%) with the objective of meeting food security and generating income. In villages where yam production is expanding, farmers are relying on landraces with good tuber qualities and high yield even though they are late maturing.ConclusionThis study revealed the knowledge of yam genetic diversity, constraints to production and farmers’ preferences criteria as a guide for collection and conservation of yam genetic resources for yam improvement intervention.

scholarly journals Plant Diversity And Food Security At Households In Mekong Delta – Viet Nam

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 965-976
Author(s):  
Pham Ngoc NHAN ◽  
Le Tran Thanh Liem
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Plant Diversity ◽  
Mekong Delta ◽  
Diversity Management ◽  
Household Food Security ◽  
Viet Nam ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Household Food ◽  
Market Needs

The research aims at collecting basic data with the participation of farmers in the Mekong Delta – Viet Nam; then proposes solutions to enhance farmers' capability in bio-diversity management, which help ensure household food security for the furture. Also in the research, the group of researchers has focused on agricultural manufacturing efficiency, food security and plant diversity at household level. The PRA - Participatory Rural Appraisal and Questionnaires menthod were used in this research. The result of research showed that the main resource of farmers' income within is from grain rice production, accounted for 95.2% in An Giang province, 74.4% in Hau Giang province and 87.9% in Soc Trang province. The division of labor in terms of gender is relatively reasonable. It has also found out that farmers have considerable knowledge of household food security; that plant diversity is decreasing as agricultural products are subjected to change towards market needs (24.3% in An Giang province, 27.1% in Hau Giang province and 33.3% in Soc Trang province). Besides, the research results also showed the fact of food insecurity and how households to react in case of food insecurity.

The Role of Women in Improving Access to Food at the Household Level in Mandeni Local Municipality, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-155
Author(s):  
Nondumiso Thabisile Mpanza ◽  
Mfaniseni Wiseman Mbatha
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Home Gardens ◽  
Household Food Security ◽  
Exploratory Research ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Role Of Women ◽  
Access To Food

This paper censoriously assesses the role of women in improving access to food at the household level. The role of women is essential in the production of food as caretakers of household food security. However, their role is not well recognised, more especially in policymaking and resource allocation. This study was conducted through a qualitative approach with an exploratory research design. The participants were sampled with convenience sampling and interviewed with semi-structured interviews. Content analysis was employed as a tool for data analysis. The study adopted feminisation of poverty as a primary theory of this paper. Certain aspects of the study reveal that women have been struggling to access food from the diversity of retail vents that are obtainable in town because of low income and limitations of transport service. This is a constraint to women who depend on the off-farm sources of income because their household’s livelihood depends on purchasing food from retail vents. Those who rely on home gardens were experiencing low productivity and the unsustainability of their gardens. This has been caused by water scarcity and climate change. Therefore, women must be provided with training that seeks to develop their skills on how to make effective use of home gardens so that food security can be ensured.

scholarly journals Aligning Programs and Policies to Support Food Security and Public Health Goals in the United States

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 319-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hilary K. Seligman ◽  
Seth A. Berkowitz
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Food System ◽  
The United States ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Health Goals ◽  
Food Insecure Households ◽  
The Life Course ◽  
Access To Food

Food insecurity affects 1 in 8 US households and has clear implications for population health disparities. We present a person-centered, multilevel framework for understanding how individuals living in food-insecure households cope with inadequate access to food themselves and within their households, communities, and broader food system. Many of these coping strategies can have an adverse impact on health, particularly when the coping strategies are sustained over time; others may be salutary for health. There exist multiple opportunities for aligning programs and policies so that they simultaneously support food security and improved diet quality in the interest of supporting improved health outcomes. Improved access to these programs and policies may reduce the need to rely on individual- and household-level strategies that may have negative implications for health across the life course.

scholarly journals KAPASITAS PEREMPUAN TANI UNTUK MEWUJUDKAN KETAHANAN PANGAN RUMAH TANGGA DALAM MENGHADAPI ERA GLOBALISASI DI KOTA PEKANBARU

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 62
Author(s):  
Penti Suryani ◽  
Ahmad Darmawi
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Community Empowerment ◽  
Women Farmers ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Household Food Security ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Household Food ◽  
The City

This study aims to determine 1) the condition of household food security, 2) the factors that affect the capacity of women farmers in food consumption in order to achieve food security at the household level, 3) the factors that affect spending foodstuffs on the level households and 4) the capacity of women farmers to achieve household food security in the era of globalization in the city of Pekanbaru. This study uses a cross-sectional study design, located in four districts in the city of Pekanbaru namely District Tampan, District Marpoyan Damai, District and Sub-district Rumbai and Rumbai Pesisir. Primary data was collected using a questionnaire which was distributed to 100 respondents of women farmers selected by simple random sampling. Factors that affect the capacity of women farmers in achieving food security household level are: income, education and nutrition knowledge of women farmers. Factors that affect spending foodstuffs at the household level women farmers in the city of Pekanbaru is the price of rice, household income, number of household members and the level of education. Capacity of women farmers in food processing is still at the low level. Threats of globalization on food security in Pekanbaru city can be resolved by the farmer community empowerment program. Empowerment of women farmers not only to protect the rice trade, but also to uplift the lives of women farmers through programs that improve local agricultural businesses

scholarly journals Faktor-Faktor yang berhubungan dengan Kejadian Stunting pada Balita Usia 24-59 Bulan dari Keluarga Petani di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Gunung Labu Kabupaten Kerinci

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 293
Author(s):  
Asparian Asparian ◽  
Enda Setiana ◽  
Evy Wisudariani
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Dominant Factor ◽  
Regression Result ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Nutritional Needs ◽  
Farming Families ◽  
Food Needs

Background : Stunting is a state of height index according to age under -2 SD according to WHO standards.  Nutrition problems in farmers can occur due to poverty which is the root of nutrition problems.  The purpose of this study was to determine the factors associated with the incidence of stunting in children aged 24-59 months from farming families in the Gunung Labu Primary Health Care in Kerinci Regency. Method :The design of this study was cross sectional.  The total population in this study was 1,422 toddlers, while the sample in this study was 98 toddlers from farming families.  Analysis used  the Chi-Square test and Multiple Logistic Regression.  Result :This study found the prevalence of stunting in infants 32.34%. Factors related to the incidence of stunting in infants were household level food security and mother's education level.  The most dominant factor related to the incidence of stunting in infants was household-level food security (OR = 4,722; 95% CI = 1,599-13,941).  Households ware encouraged to use home yards as a place to meet food needs and provide a variety of foods and balanced nutrition for infants so that nutritional needs can be met.

Daymamics of Multidimensional Food Security Measurement in Rural Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Adem
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Four Dimensions ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Rural Ethiopia ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Central Statistical ◽  
Food Insecure Households ◽  
Statistical Agency

Abstract Most studies measuring food security have used one or two of the dimensions of food security, with snapshot data at a particular point in time. Policies derived from such measurement might be misleading because of the dynamic nature of food security or insecurity in vulnerable populations. This paper presents a composite food security measure that captures the four dimensions of food security i.e., availability, accessibility, utilization, and stability over time. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is used to reduce the four dimensions into a single index. Data from three rounds of household-level panel data, collected by the Central Statistical Agency (CSA) of Ethiopia in collaboration with the World Bank are used to demonstrate this measurement. The aggregate food security indices result revealed that 44, 57, and 45 percent of households were food secured in 2011, 2013, and 2015 respectively. On the other hand, only 20 percent of households were food secured all the time while 67 percent of households termed as transitory food insecure since they remained food insecure at least in one of the survey periods. The rest 13 percent of households were also termed chronically food insecure since they fall short of food all the time of the study. The finding confirmed a high prevalence of multidimensionally food-insecure households in rural Ethiopia. Therefore, various food security intervention programs that enhance the four dimensions should be introduced.

Food Security Policy Analysis of Household Level

2021 ◽  
pp. 60-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhamad Rusliyadi ◽  
Azaharaini Bin Hj. Mohd. Jamil
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Security Policy ◽  
Security Analysis ◽  
Composite Analysis ◽  
Programme Implementation ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Self Sufficiency ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Impact

The study focuses on analyzing the food self-sufficiency village program at household level in Indonesia. The before and after analysis and food and security composite analysis at household level are used as tools. It involved comparing the implication and impact between indicators before and after the implementation of policy. Quantitative data were used to compare major indicators and qualitative data for minor indicators. In general, the impact of the DMP Programme on the villages was positive. The level of poverty in each village has been significantly reduced by 8-40% after the introduction of the programme. Composite food security analysis at household level shows the positive impacts of DMP Programme implementation. This is shown by several indicators, including the rise of 4-7% availability, reduction in poverty by 8-40%, and decrease in people working fewer than 15 hours per week by 10-20%.

scholarly journals Comparing measures of urban food security in Accra, Ghana

Food Security ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 417-431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cascade Tuholske ◽  
Kwaw Andam ◽  
Jordan Blekking ◽  
Tom Evans ◽  
Kelly Caylor
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Poor Correlation ◽  
Household Food Insecurity ◽  
Urban Food Security ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Household Food ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Food Insecurity Access

AbstractThe urban population in Sub-Saharan Africa is projected to expand by nearly 800 million people in the next 30 years. How this rapid urban transition is affecting household-level urban food security, and reverberating into broader food systems, is poorly understood. To fill this gap, we use data from a 2017 survey (n = 668) of low- and middle-income residents of Accra, Ghana, to characterize and compare the predictors of household-level food security using three established metrics: the Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (HFIAS); the Household Food Insecurity Access Prevalence (HFIAP); and the Food Consumption Score (FCS). According to HFIAP, 70% of sampled households are food insecure, but only 2% fall below acceptable thresholds measured by FCS. Only one household reported sourcing food from modern supermarkets and fewer than 3% produce food for consumption through gardening, farming, or fishing. Instead, households rely on purchased food from traditional markets, local stalls and kiosks, and street hawkers. Results from a suite of general linear models show that household assets, education, and demographic characteristics are significantly associated with food security outcomes according to HFIAS and HFIAP. The poor correlation and weak model agreement between dietary recall such as FCS, and experience-based food security metrics, like HFIAS and HFIAP, highlight limitations of employing historically rural-centric food security measurement approaches within the urban context. Given that Sub-Saharan Africa’s future is urban, our results add empirical evidence in support of the growing chorus of scholars advocating for comprehensive urban-oriented food security research and policy agendas across Sub-Saharan Africa.

Diosgenin Contents and DNA Fingerprint Screening of Various Yam (Dioscorea sp.) Genotypes

2006 ◽  
Vol 61 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 847-855 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oliver Vendl ◽  
Christoph Wawrosch ◽  
Christian Noe ◽  
Carlos Molina ◽  
Günter Kahl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pharmaceutical Research ◽  
Dna Amplification ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Dna Fingerprint ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Steroidal Sapogenin ◽  
Partial Synthesis ◽  
The Past ◽  
World Collection ◽  
Dioscorea Species

Abstract In addition to the importance of many Dioscorea species (yams) as starchy staple food, some representatives are known and still used as a source for the steroidal sapogenin diosgenin, which, besides phytosterols derived from tall-oil, is an important precursor for partial synthesis of steroids for pharmaceutical research and applications. While in edible yams the diosgenin content should be as low as possible, a high yield of the compound is preferable for cultivars which are grown for the extraction of sterols. In the past, miscalculations and insufficiently precise techniques for quantification of diosgenin prevailed. Therefore we set out to re-evaluate the steroid content of a world collection of Dioscorea species, using leaves as sample material. We optimized diosgenin quantification techniques and fingerprinted the whole collection with the DNA amplification fingerprinting (DAF) technique. Total diosgenin contents ranged from 0.04 to 0.93% of dry weight within the collection. Several Dioscorea cultivars can be characterized via their DAF fingerprint patterns.

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