scholarly journals Sustainable Biocomposites Produced From Cotton Stalk Wastes: Effect of Heat Treatment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiyan Gu ◽  
Lanlan Chang ◽  
Qingfa Zhang ◽  
Hongzhen Cai ◽  
Ruji Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Adverse Effect ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Flexural Properties ◽  
Mechanical Interlocking ◽  
Interface Bonding ◽  
Cotton Stalk ◽  
Relaxation Resistance ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The novelty of this study is to explore the effect of heat treatment of CS on the properties of biocomposites. 200°C, 300°C, 500°C, and burning of 500°C were selected to heat treat CS to obtain CS fillers, and the biocomposites were prepared using CS fillers and LLDPE. The heat treatment of CS can improve the interface bonding and compatibility of biocomposites by the results of FTIR, SEM, and CA. The crystal planes were not changed by the addition of CS fillers. The heat treatment of CS promoted crystallization, improved the heat resistance of LLDPE. In addition, the flexural properties, tensile properties, stiffness, elasticity, creep resistance and, stress relaxation resistance were all increased by the heat treatment of CS, although it exhibits an adverse effect on the impact strength of LLDPE. The best flexural properties (13.00 MPa and 0.75 GPa) were obtained in 200CSB-L due to the enhancement of CS rigidity by 200°C heat treatment, and the best tensile properties (10.89 MPa and 0.26 GPa) were obtained in 500CSB-L due to its mechanical interlocking structure. The results of this study indicate that heat treatment will play an important role in biocomposites in terms of the benefit in mechanical properties.

CONDULOY

Alloy Digest ◽  
1953 ◽  
Vol 2 (10) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Copper Alloy ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Age Hardening ◽  
Beryllium Copper ◽  
Hardening Heat Treatment

Abstract CONDULOY is a low beryllium-copper alloy containing about 1.5% nickel. It responds to age-hardening heat treatment for improved mechanical properties. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties. It also includes information on casting, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: Cu-11. Producer or source: Brush Beryllium Company.

ALUMINUM 319.0

Alloy Digest ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Shear Strength ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Rear Axle ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
General Purpose ◽  
Temperature Performance

Abstract ALUMINUM 319.0 is a general-purpose foundry alloy that is moderately responsive to heat treatment. It has excellent casting characteristics and good mechanical properties. Among its many uses are crankcases, housings, engine parts, typewriter frames and rear-axle housings. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, tensile properties, and compressive and shear strength as well as creep and fatigue. It also includes information on low and high temperature performance as well as casting, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: Al-256. Producer or source: Various aluminum companies.

The Effect of Aging Heat Treatment on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of 10Cr20Ni25Mo1.5NbN Austenitic Steel

2016 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiyuan Liang ◽  
Wanhua Sha ◽  
Qinxin Zhao ◽  
Chongbin Wang ◽  
Jianyong Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Austenitic Steel ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Aging Treatment ◽  
Secondary Phases ◽  
Aging Heat Treatment ◽  
Microstructure And Mechanical Properties ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThe effect of aging heat treatment on the microstructure and mechanical properties of 10Cr20Ni25Mo1.5NbN austenitic steel was investigated in this article. The microstructure was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectrometry and transmission electron microscopy. Results show that the microstructure of 10Cr20Ni25Mo1.5NbN austenitic is composed of austenite. This steel was strengthened by precipitates of secondary phases that were mainly M23C6 carbides and NbCrN nitrides. As aging treatment time increased, the tensile strength first rose (0–3,000 h) and then fell (3,000–5,000 h) due to the decrease of high density of dislocations. The impact absorbed energy decreased sharply, causing the sulfides to precipitate at the grain boundary. Therefore, the content of sulfur should be strictly controlled in the steelmaking process.

Application of Tailored Heat Treated Blanks under Quasi Series Conditions

2007 ◽  
Vol 344 ◽  
pp. 383-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marion Merklein ◽  
Uwe Vogt
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Local Heat ◽  
Strength Distribution ◽  
Process Window ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Forming Process ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Impact

Tailored Heat Treated Blanks (THTB) are blanks that exhibit locally different strength specifically optimized for the succeeding forming process. The strength distribution is set by a local, short-term heat treatment modifying the mechanical properties of the material. Hence, THTB allow enhancing forming limits significantly leading to shorter and more robust manufacture process chains. In order to qualify the use of THTB under quasi series conditions, the interdependencies of the blank’s local heat treatment and the entire process chain of the car body manufacture have to be analyzed. In this respect, the impact of a short-term heat treatment on the mechanical properties of AA6181PX, a commonly used aluminum alloy in today’s car bodies, was studied. Also the influence of a short-term heat treatment on the coil lubricant, usually already applied by the material supplier, was given a closer look. Based on these experiments process restrictions for the application of THTB in an industrial automotive environment were derived and a process window for the THTB design was set up. In conclusion, strategies were defined how to enhance the found process boundaries leading to a more robust process window.

Effects of microcrystalline cellulose on the mechanical properties of low-density polyethylene composites

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 297-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yousef Ahmad Mubarak ◽  
Raghda Talal Abdulsamad
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Elastic Modulus ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Microcrystalline Cellulose ◽  
Weight Fraction ◽  
Low Density Polyethylene ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Ldpe Composites ◽  
The Impact

This work was intended to provide an understanding of the effect of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) on the mechanical properties of low-density polyethylene (LDPE). The impact resistance and the tensile properties of low-density LDPE/MCC composites were investigated. The weight fraction of MCC was varied at (0, 0.5, 1, 2.5, 5, 10, 20, and 30 wt%). The obtained blends were then used to prepare the required tensile and impact testing samples by hot compression molding technique. It has been found that MCC has a strong influence on the mechanical properties of LDPE. At a low MCC weight fraction, there was a little improvement in the ultimate strength, fracture stress, and elongation at break, but at a high MCC weight fraction, the tensile properties were deteriorated and reduced significantly. The addition of 1 wt% MCC to LDPE enhanced the mentioned properties by 10, 25, and 6%, respectively. While at 30 wt% MCC, these properties were lowered by 36, 25, and 96%. The elastic modulus of LDPE composites was improved on all MCC weight fractions used in the study, at 20 wt% MCC, an increase in the elastic modulus by 12 folds was achieved. On the other hand and compared with the impact strength of pure LDPE, the addition of MCC particles enhanced the impact strength, the highest value obtained was for LDPE composites filled with 10 wt% MCC where the impact strength enhanced by two folds.

Effect of Non-Conventional Aging Treatments on the Tensile Properties of Non-Hipped Castings of Aluminum Alloy 354

2014 ◽  
Vol 875-877 ◽  
pp. 1397-1405 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Dinesh Babu ◽  
M. Nageswara Rao
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Aluminum Alloy ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Artificial Aging ◽  
Natural Aging ◽  
Single Step ◽  
Cast Aluminum Alloy ◽  
Cast Aluminum ◽  
Automobile Components

Cast aluminum alloy 354 is used extensively for production of critical automobile components, owing to its excellent castability and attractive combination of mechanical properties after heat-treatment. With the advent of higher performance engines, there has been a steady demand to further improve the mechanical behavior of the castings made of the alloy, among others, through improvements in processing. The present study explores the possibility of improving tensile properties of the alloy by adopting certain non-conventional aging treatments. The non-conventional treatments include aging cycles similar to T6I4 and T6I6 referred to in the published literature, artificial aging in two steps instead of in single step and artificial aging preceded by various natural aging times. The results show that none of these non-conventional treatments leads to improvement of all tensile properties compared to the standard T61 treatment. Significant hardening takes place in the alloy due to natural aging. Changing the time of natural aging preceding artificial aging was found to have little effect on tensile properties.

scholarly journals Through-Thickness Residual Stresses, Microstructure, and Mechanical Properties of Electron Beam-Welded CA6NM Martensitic Stainless Steel after Postweld Heat Treatment

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Sheida Sarafan ◽  
Priti Wanjara ◽  
Jean-Benoît Lévesque ◽  
Javad Gholipour ◽  
Henri Champliaud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Electron Beam ◽  
Residual Stresses ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Martensitic Stainless Steel ◽  
Postweld Heat Treatment ◽  
Image Correlation ◽  
Postweld Heat

In this study, the integrity of electron beam- (EB-) welded CA6NM—a grade of 13% Cr-4% Ni martensitic stainless steel—was assessed through the entire joint thickness of 90 mm after postweld heat treatment (PWHT). The joints were characterized by examining the microstructure, residual stresses, global mechanical properties (static tensile, Charpy impact, and bend), and local properties (yield strength and strain at fracture) in the metallurgically modified regions of the EB welds. The applied PWHT tempered the “fresh” martensite present in the microstructure after welding, which reduced sufficiently the hardness (<280 HV) and residual stresses (<100 MPa) to meet the requirements for hydroelectric turbine assemblies. Also, the properties of the EB joints after PWHT passed the minimum acceptance criteria specified in ASME sections VIII and IX. Specifically, measurement of the global tensile properties indicated that the tensile strengths of the EB welds in the transverse and longitudinal directions were on the same order as that of the base metal (BM). Evaluation of the local tensile properties using a digital image correlation (DIC) methodology showed higher local yield strengths in the fusion zone (FZ) and heat-affected zone (HAZ) of 727 MPa and 740 MPa, respectively, relative to the BM value of 663 MPa. Also, the average impact energies for the FZ and HAZ were 63 J and 148 J, respectively, and attributed to the different failure mechanisms in the HAZ (dimples) versus the FZ (quasi-cleavage consisting of facets and dimples). This study shows that the application of PWHT plays an important role in improving the weld quality and performance of EB-welded CA6NM and provides the essential data for validating the design and manufacturing process for next-generation hydroelectric turbine products.

Influence of the conditions of casting and heat treatment on the structure and mechanical properties of the AlMg10 alloy

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (83) ◽  
pp. 26-32
Author(s):  
P. Kordas
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Liquid State ◽  
Precipitation Hardening ◽  
Solidification Rate ◽  
Dendritic Structure ◽  
Grain Structure ◽  
Alloy Castings ◽  
Die Castings ◽  
The Impact

Purpose: Assessment of the possibilities of shaping the structure and improvement of mechanical properties of casting from AlMg10 alloy through a selection of casting technology and precipitation hardening. Design/methodology/approach: the work evaluated the impact of casting and heat treatment technology on the mechanical properties and structure of AlMg10 alloy castings. The tests were performed on 200 mm × 100 mm × 25 mm plate castings produced by gravity casting methods for sand and metal moulds and by a liquid state press moulding technology. Castings made with these technologies solidify in substantially different heat- evaporation conditions and exhibit varying degrees of primary structure fragmentation. Metallographic and strength tests were performed on raw castings and after heat treatment. Findings: The changes in the morphology and size of primary crystals and the dispersion of the reinforcing phase according to the casting solidification rate and the precipitation hardening treatment were analyzed. Solidifying castings in the form of sand show a globular structure, whereas in die and press castings, a typically dendritic structure occurs, with the dendritic crystals in pressed castings being much smaller in size than the die castings. In castings which were not heat-treated, the reinforcing phase of Al3Mg2 occurs in interdendritic spaces, and its dispersion increases with the rate of cooling. After supersaturation and ageing treatments, the phase α has a grain structure in all samples. The largest dispersion of reinforcing molecules is characterized by press castings. In a raw state, the highest mechanical properties are shown by castings made in the form of sand and the method of pressing in a liquid state. Heat treatment of AlMg10 alloy castings significantly influences the increase of mechanical indexes in all castings investigated. The highest features of Rm are approx. 330 MPa and A5 above 10% is obtained in castings made by the press method. Research limitations/implications: Particular attention should be paid to the avoidance of the effects of slag inclusion, shrinkage and magnesium oxidation during casting of AlMg10 alloys. In die castings of a plate type, due to own stresses, a significant decrease in mechanical properties occurs. Practical implications: The most advantageous mechanical properties of AlMg10 alloy castings are obtained by using liquid-state pressing technology. In addition, this technology makes it possible to produce thin-walled castings of high dimensional accuracy, high air- tightness, fine grain structure, lack of surface defects and low roughness. Originality/value: The paper presents the possibility of improving the mechanical properties of AlMg10 castings by applying heat treatment. It has been proven that the casting method has a significant effect on the mechanical properties of the castings.

Effect of Heat Treatment Hardness of Al-Cu-Mg-Li-Zr, Al-Mg-Si and and Al-Mg-Zn Alloys-Experimental Correlation Using Factorial DOE and ANOVA Methods

2014 ◽  
Vol 881-883 ◽  
pp. 1317-1329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmoud M. Tash ◽  
Saleh Alkahtani
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Cold Work ◽  
Solution Treatment ◽  
Statistical Design ◽  
Aging Treatment ◽  
Fractional Factorial ◽  
Statistical Design Of Experiments ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Zn Alloys

The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of heat treatment on the aging and mechanical behavior of Al-Cu-Mg-Li-Zr , Al-Mg-Si and and Al-Mg-Zn alloys (8090 , 6082 and 7075). The effect of cold work after solution treatment, aging parameters (time and temperature) on the microstructure and mechanical properties were studied. Attempts are made to determine the combined effect of cold work and aging treatment on the hardness, UTS and microstructure for these alloys. By study the impact of different heat treatments for Al-Mg-Si alloys (6082), Al-Cu-Mg-Li-Zr (8090) and Al-Mg-Zn (7075) aluminum alloys on the hardness and mechanical properties, it is possible to determine conditions necessary to achieve better mechanical properties and the maximum levels of hardness and values corresponding to those considered suitable for commercial applications of these alloys.Design of Experiment (DOE) method in Minitab is used to measure the impact of various factors and how they relate. Correlation between the hardness and different metallurgical factors for these alloys at both quantitative and qualitative are investigated and analysed. A statistical design of experiments (DOE) approach using fractional factorial design was applied to determine the influence of controlling variables of cold work and heat treatment parameters and any interactions between them on the hardness of the above alloys. A mathematical model is developed to relate the alloy hardness with the different metallurgical parameters to acquire an understanding of the effects of these variables and their interactions on the hardness of wrought Al-alloys. It is noticed that cold work, following solution treatment, accelerates the precipitation rate leading to a rise in strength

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