scholarly journals The Influence of Acculturation Strategies, Ethnic Identity and Cultural Distance on the Socio-cultural Adaptation of Arab Students

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
VERA FEDOTOVA
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Identity ◽  
Cultural Adaptation ◽  
Cultural Distance ◽  
Sociocultural Adaptation ◽  
Acculturation Strategies ◽  
Correlation And Regression Analysis ◽  
The Social ◽  
Arab Students ◽  
Study Methodology ◽  
Acculturation Attitudes

Abstract Background. Adaptation to the educational space of a university is a process that is a prerequisite and a way of socialization, allowing international students to actively engage in various elements of the social environment. This process can be made more complicated as a result of existing linguistic, every day, climatic, intercultural, interethnic, and motivational barriers. This research studies the relationship between acculturation strategies, socio-cultural adaptation, ethnic identity, cultural distance among students from arabic countries (Morocco, Syria, Egypt).Methods. The questionnaire included scales for assessing acculturation attitudes, ethnic identity, cultural distance, and sociocultural adaptation. The following techniques were used during the study: methodology of J. Finney, measuring the severity of ethnic identity (Phinney, 1992; Phinney & Ong, 2007), scales for measuring cultural distance (Wark & Galliher, 2007), questionnaire measuring acculturation strategies for migrants (Berry, 1997; Berry, 2005), scales for measuring sociocultural adaptation (Ward, Kennedy, 1999). The overall number of respondents was 248 (56 from Syria, 84 from Egypt, 108 from Morocco). The average age of the respondents is 28 years (min – 20, max – 34 years).Conclusion. Using correlation and regression analysis, we found that cultural distance is interconnected with sociocultural adaptation. However, among young migrants from arabic countries,ethnic identity and acculturation strategies are not linked to sociocultural adaptation. As a whole, our research shows the specific of adaptation of young arabs in relation to their host country.

scholarly journals Relationship between Trust and Acculturation Attitudes (With Ukrainians in Russia and Russians in Latvia as an Example)

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.N. Tatarko
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Group ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Generalized Trust ◽  
Acculturation Strategies ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
The Social ◽  
Societal Level ◽  
Acculturation Attitudes ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Separation Strategy

This research focuses on the relationship between various types of trust and acculturation strategies (according to J. Berry’s model) in ethnic minorities and migrants. Trust is a major resource both of an individual and society. On the individual level it is considered as a component of the social psychological capital of personality, and on the societal level — as a core part of the social capital of the society. This study aimed to test the assumption that generalized trust in migrants or minorities is related to their preferred acculturation strategies and that this relationship is mediated by more particular types of trust, such as trust in representa- tives of own ethnic group and trust in representatives of other ethnic groups. The study involved Russians living in Riga, Latvia (N=336) and Ukrainian migrants who have been living in Moscow for approximately 1,5 years (N=80). The outcomes show that generalized trust and trust in representative of non-ethnic groups correlate with the choice of acculturation strategies aimed at integration with the society. Trust in representatives of own ethnic group correlates positively with the choice of the “Separation” strategy.

Cross-cultural Adaptation Index of Chinese Expatriates in Malaysia: Extended Location-Specific Advantages

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 09-17
Author(s):  
Kui Ming Tiong ◽  
Ming Yu Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Adaptation ◽  
Cultural Distance ◽  
Psychological Adaptation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Sociocultural Adaptation ◽  
Cross Cultural Adaptation ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Adaptation Index ◽  
Oli Paradigm

Objective - In the fast changing globalizing and liberalizing world, the concern is not only on the location-specific advantages of a host country but also on how multinational enterprises manage to survive ex-post entry in a different environment. The cultural distance between the home and host countries thus plays an important role in this context. Empirical studies have shown that cultural distance and cross-cultural adaptation are interrelated, and there is a moderating role played by cultural distance on the cross-cultural adaptation. The cross-cultural adaptation is thus an important dimension to be considered in order to extend the L-advantages. Many studies have been conducted to build a cultural distance scale. Yet only a few studies have been conducted to construct a cross-cultural adaptation scale. This study thus aims to build a cross-cultural adaptation index. Methodology/Technique - The index is built based on the data collected from Chinese expatriates through in-depth interviews and questionnaire surveys. Findings - Two simple cross-cultural adaptation scales were built. These are the Simple Sociocultural Adaptation Scale (SSAS) and Psychological Adaptation Scale (SPAS) with seven pillars. An average index score was computed for each pillar. Living (78.79), interaction (69.19), regulative (64.02), work (85.61), psychological well-being (68.33), satisfaction (63.64), and intention to stay (62.12). The sociocultural adaptation index scored 76.57, while the psychological adaptation index scored 65.91. Novelty - This study provides insights for better understanding of Malaysian cultural environment to investors, expatriates, and policymakers as well as to extend and enrich the OLI paradigm. Type of Paper: Empirical Keywords: Extended location-specific advantages; Cross-cultural adaptation index; Sociocultural adaptation; Psychological adaption; OLI paradigm. JEL Classification: F21, G14, Z13.

scholarly journals The effect of cultural distance on sociocultural adaptation and academic performance of international studentsKültürel mesafenin uluslararası öğrencilerin sosyokültürel adaptasyonlarına ve akademik başarılarına etkisi

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 3951 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alpaslan Okur ◽  
Rıza Batır
Keyword(s):  
Academic Performance ◽  
Academic Success ◽  
International Students ◽  
Cultural Adaptation ◽  
Foreign Students ◽  
Cultural Distance ◽  
Cultural Dimensions ◽  
Sociocultural Adaptation ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Malaysian Students

Living in a foreign environment is a compelling experience for sojourners. A person’s ability to function effectively in a new society depends on his or her cultural adaptation. In their 1990 study on Singaporean and Malaysian students studying in Malaysia, Ward and Searle claimed that cultural adaptation consists of 2 separate dimesions, namely psychological and sociocultural adaptation. According to the researchers, one of the key factors affecting the sociocultural adaptation of an individual is cultural distance. According to Ward and Searle, the more distant the two cultures are, the more difficult is the person’s socio-cultural adaptation. Other studies in the field have also shown that perceieved cultural distance is just as important as real cultural distance. Students, an important group of sojourners whose numbers have been rising both in the world and in Turkey, are also affected by cultural distance. Cultural distance between the homeland and the country in which the international students are studying is thought to have an adverse effect on the foreign students’ socio-cultural adaptation. Cultural distance is also thought to affect negatively international students’ academic success by hindering their cultural adaptation. Dutch researcher Hofstede’s studies, which concretise cultural distance, have divided societies into 4 dimensions. According to the researcher, because different societies have different roles for teachers and students, students studying in a country that has different cultural dimensions than their own will have problems. Teachers may improve their student’s adaptation and academic performance by acknowledging the cultural dimensions of the students’ homelands and designing lesson plans accordingly. ÖzetAlışık olmadıkları yabancı bir kültürde yaşamak kültürel geçiş yapan bireyler için zorlayıcı bir deneyimdir. Bireyin yeni toplumda etkin bir şekilde var olabilmesi yeni kültüre kültürel adaptasyonuna bağlıdır. 1990 yılında Malezya’da eğitim gören Singapurlu ve Malezyalı öğrenciler ile ilgili yaptıkları çalışmalarında Ward ve Searle kültürel adaptasyonun psikolojik ve sosyokültürel olmak üzere 2 boyuttan meydana geldiğini iddia etmişlerdir. Araştırmacılara göre kişinin yeni toplumdaki sosyal olarak uyum sağlaması anlamına gelen sosyokültürel adaptasyonunu etkileyen faktörlerden bir tanesi de kültürel mesafedir. Araştırmacılara göre, kişinin geldiği toplumla, girdiği toplum arasındaki kültürel mesafe ne kadar çoksa bireyin sosyokültürel adaptasyonu o ölçüde zor olmaktadır. Alanda yapılan diğer araştırmalar da sadece görülen kültürel mesafenin değil, aynı zamanda bireyin algıladığı kültürel mesafenin de en az gerçek kültürel mesafe kadar önemli olduğunu göstermiştir. Kültürlerarası geçiş yapan gruplar içinde önemli bir yere sahip, son yıllarda dünyada ve ülkemizde sayıları önemli ölçüde artan uluslararası öğrenciler de kültürel mesafeden etkilenmektedirler. Yabancı ülkelerden gelen uluslararası öğrencilerin geldikleri toplumların, eğitim aldıkları topluma olan kültürel uzaklığının, öğrencilerin sosyokültürel uyumlarının üzerinde olumsuz bir etkiye sahip olduğu düşünülmektedir. Kültürel mesafe aynı zamanda öğrencilerin sosyokültürel olarak uyumlarını zorlaştırıp, dolaylı olarak akademik başarılarını da düşürebilmektedir. Kültürel mesafeyi somutlaştıran Hollandalı araştırmacı Hofstede’nin çalışmaları toplumları 4 boyuta ayırmış ve toplumların sahip oldukları kültürel boyutların sınıf içindeki etkisini araştırmıştır. Araştırmacıya göre, toplumların öğretmen ve öğrencilere yüklediği roller farklılık gösterdiğinden, kendi kültürlerinden farklı bir kültürel boyuta sahip bir topluma giren öğrenciler, özellikle öğretmen ve öğrenci ilişkisi alanında zorluk yaşacaklardır. Kültürel olarak karışık sınıflarda öğrencilerin geldikleri toplumların kültürel boyutların bilinmesi ve öğretmenlerin ders işleyiş şekillerini ona göre düzenlemesi, öğrencilerin eğitim aldıkları topluma sosyokültürel uyumlarını ve akademik başarılarını artıracaktır.  

scholarly journals Intercultural Attitudes as Predictors of Student’s Prejudices Towards Refugees

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petia Genkova ◽  
Anna Groesdonk
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Social Identity ◽  
Intercultural Competence ◽  
Migration Background ◽  
Acculturation Strategies ◽  
The Social ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
Integration Of Immigrants ◽  
Acculturation Attitudes ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractOne of the major challenges for modern western societies is the reduction of prejudice in order to achieve a sufficient level of integration of immigrants and especially refugees. The current literature thus presents a multitude of approaches to understand and reduce prejudices. Therefore, the following paper investigates the relationships between ethnic identity, acculturation attitudes, intercultural competence, and prejudice and how contact experiences shape these relationships for students in Germany with and without migration background. The results show that there is a significant relationship between prejudice and the social identity, cultural intelligence, and acculturation strategies. Furthermore, the results indicate that the experienced contact quality and quantity to refugees moderate the effect of acculturation strategies on overt prejudice and xenophobia. However, the relationship between acculturation strategies and covert prejudice is only moderated by contact quantity. Because of the relatively weak manifestations of the dependent variables in the study at hand, alternative instruments should be used for investigation. Based on the obtained results, this paper finally tries to give some guidance for the facilitation of diversity and reduction of prejudice at higher education institutions.

The functions of Code-switching in a Korean Sunday School

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sun-Young Shin
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Identity ◽  
Sunday School ◽  
Code Switching ◽  
Cultural Identities ◽  
Social Ideology ◽  
The Social ◽  
Community People ◽  
Korean Ethnic Identity ◽  
Relative Status

In a bilingual community, people often switch from one language to another in their daily conversations and the use of code-switching often reflects the social or cultural identities of the speakers. The switch to a particular language in the bilingual discourse can also be employed as an effective vehicle to signal ethnic identity. This paper seeks to explore the functions of code-switching in a Korean Sunday school through an analysis of codeswitching data. I identify situation-related code-switching by examining participants’ talk and the particular situations which prompt the use of Korean. I also demonstrate how Korean is used in particular conversational acts, for example in directives, to invoke figures of authority and how Korean may also be used to avoid saying things which might be found offensive. In this vein, I argue that the use of Korean in bilingual discourse may index Korean ethnic identity by evoking the traditional social ideology of relative status and increasing solidarity.

scholarly journals Preparing teachers for HIV/AIDS education: integrated and interdisciplinary pre-service teacher education

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda Van Laren
Keyword(s):  
Teacher Education ◽  
Intermediate Phase ◽  
Aids Education ◽  
Integrated Models ◽  
The Social ◽  
Self Study ◽  
Study Methodology ◽  
Faculty Of Education ◽  
Pre Service Teacher ◽  
Hiv Aids

This article focuses on the views of pre-service teachers regarding an appropriate model for integrating HIV/AIDS education at a Faculty of Education. The final-year foundation and intermediate phase teachers were introduced to integrating HIV/AIDS education in Mathematics education and reflected on their four years of training. By using self-study methodology, the opinions and experiences of pre-service teachers of the two models of HIV/AIDS education in teacher preparation were explored, aiming to improve the manner in which pre-service teachers could be prepared to teach in the social and educational context of HIV/AIDS. The pre-service teachers indicated that they are under-prepared to teach in this context. Pre-service teachers were of the opinion that they could, however, be better prepared through HIV/AIDS teacher education that includes both discipline/subject and integrated models of teacher education

scholarly journals Ranking of Regions of Russia by the Demographic Situation Considering the Level of Development of Social Infrastructure

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 96-109
Author(s):  
R. V. Fattakhov ◽  
M. M. Nizamutdinov ◽  
V. V. Oreshnikov
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Social Infrastructure ◽  
Demographic Situation ◽  
Correlation And Regression Analysis ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Medicine Education ◽  
Regions Of Russia ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

The article discusses the formation of the demographic situation in Russia, considering the influence on them of the parameters of the development of social infrastructure. Today, most regions of the country are characterized by a decrease in population. Moreover, it is the level of development of medicine, education and other components of social infrastructure that determine the living conditions of the population and, as a result, the processes of natural and migration movement of the population. The study aims to determine the quantitative parameters of this relationship and the formation based on the results of the received rating of the administrative entities of the Russian Federation. In the framework of the work, we used methods of retrospective analysis, grouping, cluster analysis, correlation and regression analysis, and other methods. Further, we formed a list of indicators characterizing the level of development of the social infrastructure of the territory and highlighted groups of indicators. We proposed An approach to the formation of integral indicators of the level of development of social infrastructure for individual components of the population movement. The regions of the Russian Federation were grouped by the totality of the parameters of the demographic situation and socio-economic factors. As a result of testing the approach, we formed private and integral ratings of the regions of Russia according to the ratio of the parameters of the demographic situation and the level of development of social infrastructure. The results can be used in the development of the state demographic policy.

scholarly journals Once We Were Shepherds: Górale Ethnic Identity in Celebrations Revived and Reinterpreted

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 37-53
Author(s):  
Pawel Sendyka
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Identity ◽  
National Parks ◽  
Social System ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
Pastoral System ◽  
The Social ◽  
Alpine Pastures ◽  
Second World

Abstract The Górale of the Polish highlands are seen as a people apart from the rest of Poles. They are afforded this special status through the romanticisation as Poland’s very own “noble savages” by the writers and travellers of the 19th century. This was the time of Poland’s search for nationhood (when its territory was occupied by Russia, Prussia and Austria). The Górale have always been described, even in those early accounts, as pastoralists. During the season, when the sheep went up to the alpine pastures, the villages were almost deserted. In the 20th century the pastoral system dissolution took place starting with the establishment of national parks after the Second World War. Further unfavourable developments decimated what was left of it since the late 1980s. As a result of the dissolution of the pastoral system the Górale chose to amplify their internal unity by strengthening the ethnic identity. The revival of pastoralism as it currently presents itself today, may be seen as yet another rallying call around Górale identity. It is a come back to the pastoralist “core” of the highland culture, while changing and re-inventing the tradition to suit new economic, social and political circumstances. In the Polish pastoralist tradition there have always been two seminal community events which bracketed the winter season. There was the autumn event of “Redyk Jesienny” when the sheep brought back from the summer alpine pastures were given back to their owners and there was also a spring event of “Mieszanie Owiec” which literally means the Mixing of Sheep. Historically, they were very important events of the pastoral calendar, while the pastoral system itself has been crucial fixture and backbone of the social system of the Górale people. The paper examines how these traditions changed from old ethnographic descriptions and how they are being re-invented in the context of reaffirming the Górale identity today.

scholarly journals Etnografia z sercem na dłoni. Antropologia wiedzy o relacjach Romów z nie-Romami

2018 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-85
Author(s):  
Maciej Witkowski
Keyword(s):  
Research Program ◽  
Empirical Data ◽  
Cultural Distance ◽  
Research Subject ◽  
Academic Knowledge ◽  
The Social ◽  
Ethnographic Data ◽  
Depth Interviews

The author reflects on the conditions connected with obtaining data through in-depth interviews. He argues that in studies on the relations of the Romani with non-Romani peoples the issue is particularly sensitive yet seldom considered. In consideration of the social and cultural distance that ordinarily divides the ethnographer and the research subject, and the interpersonal conditions of their encounter, the author calls attention to the deliberate manner in which the researcher’s academic knowledge is engaged in creating empirical ethnographic data. In conclusion, he proposes a research program that would make it possible to define the sense of the “empirical data” category in contemporary anthropology in relation to the majority community and the Romani.

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