The functions of Code-switching in a Korean Sunday School

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sun-Young Shin
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Identity ◽  
Sunday School ◽  
Code Switching ◽  
Cultural Identities ◽  
Social Ideology ◽  
The Social ◽  
Community People ◽  
Korean Ethnic Identity ◽  
Relative Status

In a bilingual community, people often switch from one language to another in their daily conversations and the use of code-switching often reflects the social or cultural identities of the speakers. The switch to a particular language in the bilingual discourse can also be employed as an effective vehicle to signal ethnic identity. This paper seeks to explore the functions of code-switching in a Korean Sunday school through an analysis of codeswitching data. I identify situation-related code-switching by examining participants’ talk and the particular situations which prompt the use of Korean. I also demonstrate how Korean is used in particular conversational acts, for example in directives, to invoke figures of authority and how Korean may also be used to avoid saying things which might be found offensive. In this vein, I argue that the use of Korean in bilingual discourse may index Korean ethnic identity by evoking the traditional social ideology of relative status and increasing solidarity.

Arabic in Modern Hebrew Texts

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Creative Writing ◽  
Arabic Language ◽  
Code Switching ◽  
Population Displacement ◽  
Translation Strategies ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
Mass Migration ◽  
Political Implications ◽  
The Social ◽  
Modern Hebrew

In the late 1950s, Iraqi Jews were either forced or chose to leave Iraq for Israel. Finding it impossible to continue writing in Arabic in Israel, many Iraqi Jewish novelists faced the literary challenge of switching to Hebrew. Focusing on the literary works of the writers Shimon Ballas, Sami Michael and Eli Amir, this book examines their use of their native Iraqi Arabic in their Hebrew works. It examines the influence of Arabic language and culture and explores questions of language, place and belonging from the perspective of sociolinguistics and multilingualism. In addition, the book applies stylistics as a framework to investigate the range of linguistic phenomena that can be found in these exophonic texts, such as code-switching, borrowing, language and translation strategies. This new stylistic framework for analysing exophonic texts offers a future model for the study of other languages. The social and political implications of this dilemma, as it finds expression in creative writing, are also manifold. In an age of mass migration and population displacement, the conflicted loyalties explored in this book through the prism of Arabic and Hebrew are relevant in a range of linguistic contexts.

Gender and Children's Social World: Esteemed and Marginalised Masculinities in the Primary School Playground

2005 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Lodge
Keyword(s):  
Primary School ◽  
Middle Childhood ◽  
Peer Group ◽  
Primary School Children ◽  
Social Worlds ◽  
Institutional Practices ◽  
The Social ◽  
Lower Status ◽  
Relative Status ◽  
The Impact

This article examines the role played by the social worlds of primary school children in producing and reproducing a range of masculine identities. It describes the relatively gender-segregated nature of the culture of middle-childhood, arguing that the specific institutional context reinforces this segregation. The article outlines the range of masculinities documented in the primary school playground and examines the ways in which both the school institution and the peer-group define and police the boundaries of masculinity. The school negatively labels dominant, assertive males through certain institutional practices and attitudes. Certain boys with more androgynous styles are of higher status with peers in this context. The impact of other identities on the relative status of boys is examined. It is shown how those boys who are differently abled are of lower status. Peers perceive them as less socially mature. Their relative invisibility and stigmatisation is partly a consequence of institutional practices.

World Englishes, Code-Switching, and Convergence

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara E. Bullock ◽  
Lars Hinrichs ◽  
Almeida Jacqueline Toribio
Keyword(s):  
Language Contact ◽  
Central Place ◽  
Code Switching ◽  
World Englishes ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
The Social ◽  
Mixing Patterns ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Analysis Of Variation ◽  
Mixed Nature

In this chapter, it is argued that the study of World Englishes (WE) should assume a more central place in the analysis of variation and change in the context of language contact. Because they emerge from situations of bilingualism and contact, WE varieties are highly informative with regard to the structural issues of code-switching and convergence (also termed structural borrowing, transfer, interference, imposition). The inherently mixed nature of WE is shown here to mirror the diverse structural patterns that are commonly encountered in bilingual speech. It is argued that different mixing patterns arise in response to the social and medial embedding of WE vernaculars at the community, the individual, and the interactional levels. Social evaluations of relative prestige, individual projections of style, stance, and identity, and the complex nature of multilingual interaction conspire to bring about complex, new language structures.

“Who Are You?”: Exploring Adolescent Girls’ Process of Identification

2013 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theresa A. Walton ◽  
Jennifer L. Fisette
Keyword(s):  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Cultural Identities ◽  
Social Expectations ◽  
Ethnographic Methods ◽  
Social Categories ◽  
The Social

We used ethnographic methods to examine the ways that adolescent girls (n=9) defined and understood themselves as individuals and in relation to cultural identities. We utilized Cook-Sather’s (2002, 2006, 2007) theory of translation to make sense of their identification as an unfixed process of negotiation by centering their voices and revelations. While the girls struggled to articulate cultural identities in relation to themselves, they had clear notions of those identities and the social expectations associated to them. They noted the ways cultural identities could be both empowering and constricting. Moreover, we found that they understood and discussed cultural identities in relation to themselves and others in ways that both resisted and maintained social categories.

Dictatorship and Democracy, 1918–1939

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Mergel
Keyword(s):  
World War I ◽  
Social Commitment ◽  
The People ◽  
New Concepts ◽  
The Social ◽  
Community People ◽  
The Many ◽  
Social Organism ◽  
German Parliament ◽  
Revolution Of 1848

Both dictatorship and democracy were essentially new concepts of political rule in Germany after World War I. It was true that suffrage had been increasingly extended after the revolution of 1848–1849, and more citizens (male citizens, that is) were entitled to vote in Imperial Germany than, for instance, in Great Britain. Dictatorship, too, was a new form of political control, at least in Germany. The term ‘people’ was to become a standard formula for the self-understanding of German politics after 1918. In its shades of meaning, it saw the people as a social organism, rather than as an ethnic community. ‘People’ referred to the many. It described the social commitment with which a good community was supposed to be built. An inquiry into Reichstag, and the German parliament and incidents and rebellions surrounding it concludes this article.

scholarly journals The Influence of Acculturation Strategies, Ethnic Identity and Cultural Distance on the Socio-cultural Adaptation of Arab Students

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
VERA FEDOTOVA
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Identity ◽  
Cultural Adaptation ◽  
Cultural Distance ◽  
Sociocultural Adaptation ◽  
Acculturation Strategies ◽  
Correlation And Regression Analysis ◽  
The Social ◽  
Arab Students ◽  
Study Methodology ◽  
Acculturation Attitudes

Abstract Background. Adaptation to the educational space of a university is a process that is a prerequisite and a way of socialization, allowing international students to actively engage in various elements of the social environment. This process can be made more complicated as a result of existing linguistic, every day, climatic, intercultural, interethnic, and motivational barriers. This research studies the relationship between acculturation strategies, socio-cultural adaptation, ethnic identity, cultural distance among students from arabic countries (Morocco, Syria, Egypt).Methods. The questionnaire included scales for assessing acculturation attitudes, ethnic identity, cultural distance, and sociocultural adaptation. The following techniques were used during the study: methodology of J. Finney, measuring the severity of ethnic identity (Phinney, 1992; Phinney & Ong, 2007), scales for measuring cultural distance (Wark & Galliher, 2007), questionnaire measuring acculturation strategies for migrants (Berry, 1997; Berry, 2005), scales for measuring sociocultural adaptation (Ward, Kennedy, 1999). The overall number of respondents was 248 (56 from Syria, 84 from Egypt, 108 from Morocco). The average age of the respondents is 28 years (min – 20, max – 34 years).Conclusion. Using correlation and regression analysis, we found that cultural distance is interconnected with sociocultural adaptation. However, among young migrants from arabic countries,ethnic identity and acculturation strategies are not linked to sociocultural adaptation. As a whole, our research shows the specific of adaptation of young arabs in relation to their host country.

scholarly journals Once We Were Shepherds: Górale Ethnic Identity in Celebrations Revived and Reinterpreted

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 37-53
Author(s):  
Pawel Sendyka
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Identity ◽  
National Parks ◽  
Social System ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
Pastoral System ◽  
The Social ◽  
Alpine Pastures ◽  
Second World

Abstract The Górale of the Polish highlands are seen as a people apart from the rest of Poles. They are afforded this special status through the romanticisation as Poland’s very own “noble savages” by the writers and travellers of the 19th century. This was the time of Poland’s search for nationhood (when its territory was occupied by Russia, Prussia and Austria). The Górale have always been described, even in those early accounts, as pastoralists. During the season, when the sheep went up to the alpine pastures, the villages were almost deserted. In the 20th century the pastoral system dissolution took place starting with the establishment of national parks after the Second World War. Further unfavourable developments decimated what was left of it since the late 1980s. As a result of the dissolution of the pastoral system the Górale chose to amplify their internal unity by strengthening the ethnic identity. The revival of pastoralism as it currently presents itself today, may be seen as yet another rallying call around Górale identity. It is a come back to the pastoralist “core” of the highland culture, while changing and re-inventing the tradition to suit new economic, social and political circumstances. In the Polish pastoralist tradition there have always been two seminal community events which bracketed the winter season. There was the autumn event of “Redyk Jesienny” when the sheep brought back from the summer alpine pastures were given back to their owners and there was also a spring event of “Mieszanie Owiec” which literally means the Mixing of Sheep. Historically, they were very important events of the pastoral calendar, while the pastoral system itself has been crucial fixture and backbone of the social system of the Górale people. The paper examines how these traditions changed from old ethnographic descriptions and how they are being re-invented in the context of reaffirming the Górale identity today.

scholarly journals CODE SWITCHING USED BY PUBLIC FIGURES IN DEDDY CORBUZIER'S PODCAST: SOCIOLINGUISTICS APPROACH

JURNAL BASIS ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Rika Fiorensera ◽  
Nurma Dhona Handayani
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Mutual Influence ◽  
Scientific Discipline ◽  
Code Switching ◽  
Multicultural Environment ◽  
Public Figures ◽  
The Social ◽  
Object Of Study ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
And Linguistics

Sociolinguistics is a joint scientific discipline between sociology and linguistics which means the relationship between society and language. In this case, sociolinguistics is the relationship and mutual influence between language behavior and social behavior. A language is an object of study of the social structures in society as means of communication and group identity. The ability of each human being in the language is different. Some people use two languages in their daily life which is called bilingual. most people like to switch languages with their interlocutors as needed. In sociolinguistics, there is code-switching which is related to bilingualism. Code-switching refers to a kind of code to switch between two languages of the same language at the same time. Code-switching here is a necessary ability to build in an ever-evolving multicultural environment. From social media, people can learn many languages ​​and explore various languages ​​used by others. Almost everyone uses social media. One famous artist who has a YouTube channel with many subscribers is Deddy Corbuzier. In Deddy Corbuzier's podcast, Deddy Corbuzier tends to switch Indonesian English with the other public figures. Therefore, this research aims to describe the types of code-switching using in Deddy Corbuzier podcast. There are three types such as tag switching, intersentential switching, and intrasentential switching. The data was analyzed by using Stockwell (2002) theory. The researchers used descriptive qualitative research methods to research by using (Sudaryanto, 2015). The results of this research, researchers found 3 data for tag switching, 1 data for intersentential switching, and 5 data for intrasentential switching.

Partition signed social networks by spectral features and structural balance

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (19) ◽  
pp. 1950211
Author(s):  
Xiaoyu Zhu ◽  
Yinghong Ma
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Social Systems ◽  
Structural Balance ◽  
The Social ◽  
Signed Social Networks ◽  
Spectral Algorithm ◽  
Community People ◽  
Signed Network ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Relationship

In social networks, individuals are usually but not exactly divided into communities such that within each community people are friendly to each other while being hostile towards other communities. This is in line with structural balance theory which enables a comprehensive understanding of the stability and tensions of social systems. Yet, there may be some conflicts such as the intra-community negative edges or inter-community positive edges that affect the balancedness of the social system. This raises an interesting question of how to partition a signed network for minimal conflicts, i.e., maximum balancedness. In this paper, by analyzing the relationship between balancedness and spectrum space, we find that each eigenvector can be an indicator of dichotomous structure of networks. Incorporating the leader mechanism, we partition signed networks to maximize the balancedness with top-k eigenvectors. Moreover, we design an optimizing segment to further improve the balancedness of the network. Experimental data both from real social and synthetic networks demonstrate that the spectral algorithm has higher efficiency, robustness and scientificity.

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