Evaluation of Onion Lines for Resistance to Onion White Rot and Onion Maggot

Onion lines were evaluated for resistance to Allium white rot (Sclerotium cepivorum Berk.) and onion maggot [Delia antigua (Meig.)] in field plots established on organic soil in the Bradford Marsh, Ontario. White rote valuations were conducted on 20 lines in 1992–1994, with follow-up laboratory trials in 1995. Onion maggot screening was conducted on these same lines in 1993 and 1994. Plots were arranged in a randomized complete-block design with four replications per line. Significant differences in susceptibility to white rot were found in 1992 and 1993, while differences in onion maggot resistance were identified in 1993 and 1994. Commercial cultivars Norstar and Fortress had relatively low levels of onion maggot damage and Fortress demonstrated some tolerance to white rot. Other lines with low levels of white rot infection were 1292-91, 1564-91, 124-93, 116-93, and 117-93, from the breeding program at the Univ. of Wisconsin. Line 1292-91 also had low levels of onion maggot damage. The horticultural characteristics of the onion lines will be discussed.

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PENGARUH KONSORSIUM AGENS HAYATI DAN JARAK TANAM TERHADAP KEJADIAN PENYAKIT BUSUK PUTIH (Sclerotium cepivorum Berk.) PADA BAWANG DAUN Influence of The Consortium of Biological Agents and Spacing to White Rot Disease (Sclerotium cepivorum Berk.) of Scallio

AgriPeat ◽

10.36873/agp.v20i02.144 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 20 (02) ◽

pp. 92-98

Author(s):

Admin Journal

Keyword(s):

Block Design ◽

Peat Soil ◽

Nutrient Content ◽

Biological Agents ◽

White Rot ◽

Plant Weight ◽

Sclerotium Cepivorum ◽

Trichoderma Sp ◽

Rot Disease ◽

Aspergillus Sp

ABSTRACTThis study aims to determine effective management patterns to control Sclerotium rot and to improvepeat soil fertility with the application of the Trichoderma sp + Aspergillus sp consortium.as biologicalagents and P solvents, combined with spacing arrangements in the cultivation of scallion in peatlands.The study used a factorial randomized block design consisting of two factors with four replications.Factor I Application of biological agents consists of: A0 = No biological agents; A1 = Consortium ofTrichoderma sp. + Aspergillus sp; Factor II Plant spacing, consisting of J1 = 20x25 cm; J2 = 25x25cm and J3 = 30x25 cm. The results showed that the interaction treatment of Trichoderma sp. +Aspergillus sp. and spacing of 25x25 cm effectively suppresses the incidence of white rot disease(Sclerotium cepivorum Berk) up to 34.02%, while at a spacing of 20x25 cm with the application ofTrichoderma sp. + Aspergillus sp. produced the highest fresh plant weight of 8.80 kg plot-1 or 24.44tons hectares-1. Increasing the number of leaves is only influenced by a single factor of biologicalagents (23.29%) and spacing of 25x25 cm (19.7%). Application of Trichoderma sp. + Aspergillus sp.can increase the nutrient content of N, P (total and available), K and peat soil organic matter.Consortium of biological agents Trichoderma sp. and Aspergillus sp. indigenous have the potential tobe developed as biological agents and biofertilizers, with optimum spacing can be applied to themanagement of scallion cultivation in peatlands.Key words: Sclerotium cepivorum Berk, scallion, Trichoderma sp. and Aspergillus sp., spacing

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Comportamiento del pasto Taiwán (Pennisetum purpureum) fertilizado con efluente de biogas en época de máxima precipitación pluvial

Agronomía Mesoamericana ◽

10.15517/am.v1i0.25341 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 1 ◽

pp. 69

Author(s):

José M. Will ◽

Guillermo Valle A.

Keyword(s):

Block Design ◽

Pennisetum Purpureum ◽

Forage Production ◽

Available N ◽

Plot Size ◽

Average Annual Temperature ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Low Levels ◽

Made In ◽

North Latitude

This work was conducted at the Centro Universitario Regional del Litoral Atlántico (CURLA) at 15°47’north latitude and 86°50’ west longitude, 10 km west La Ceiba, Honduras. The ecosystem Is characterized as tropical rain forest having 2700 mm of rainfall per year and an average annual temperature of 27°C with 82% relative humidity. Soils in the region are characterized by having an average soil pH of 4.9, have low levels of available N and P, high levels of Fe and intermediate levels of Mn. A randomized complete block design was employed with 4 replications. Plot size was 2 x 3 m encompassing 3 rows. In each block three rates of biogas effluent were applied at 250,500 and 750 kg N/ha/year. An added check with zero effluent was also included. The grass was cut at the surface of the soil every 56 days and the application of effluent was made in split applications. The results indicate that these treatments increased yield at least 25 % above the check. In the first cuttings there was a tendency to decrease yields although final cuttings demonstrated increased yields. This same response was observed in plant protein, especially in the last cutting where a 48 % increase was obtained. The best treatmentrelative to forage production and protein content was found when 500 kg N/ha/year was applied.

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Blind Listening Evaluation of Steel String Acoustic Guitar Compensation Strategies

10.31219/osf.io/bqzf4 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

R.M. Mottola

Keyword(s):

Block Design ◽

Rank Correlation ◽

Test Results ◽

Compensation Strategy ◽

Double Blind ◽

Spearman’S Rank Correlation ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Acoustic Guitar ◽

Intonation Accuracy

A double blind multisample intonation rating test was administered to 32 experienced guitar players/guitar builders to test perceived effectiveness of some common steel string acoustic guitar intonation compensation strategies. The test used a randomized complete block design where each treatment was a typical guitar intonation compensation strategy. Each subject completed two sequentially presented sessions. Subjects were asked to rate intonation accuracy following audition of prepared sound clips. Each clip contained a short sequence of notes recorded from steel string acoustic guitar with either perfect intonation or tuning modified to fit the intonation profile of one of three typical guitar intonation compensation strategies: straight saddle compensation, individual string saddle compensation, or individual string saddle and nut compensation. Subject ratings indicate that all compensation strategies tested were equally effective. Analysis of test results by ANOVA did not indicate significant perceived differences for either session (p=0.596, p=0.286). Results of follow-up t-tests comparing intonation ratings for perfect intonation and the compensation treatment associated with the highest intonation errors (straight saddle compensation) also showed that these two treatments were equally effective in both sessions (p=0.137, p=0.359). Results of follow-up Bayesian estimation analyses comparing these two treatments also indicated no discernable difference for either session (session 1 difference of means 95% HDI: -1.31, 0.472; session 2 difference of means 95% HDI: -0.819, 1.13). Subjects’ correlation between ratings and actual intonation accuracy was determined by comparing ratings to intonation errors for each compensation strategy using Spearman's rank correlation. Rating correlation varied greatly among subjects (-1 ≤ ρ ≤ 0.949). The two subjects with the best overall correlations each gave identical ratings to two different strategies. These correlations showed low correlation to subject age and to years of guitar playing experience. These analyses suggest that all compensation strategies tested are equally successful.

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An Evaluation of Some Japanese Lisianthus (Eustoma grandiflorum) Varieties Grown in Bangladesh

The Agriculturists ◽

10.3329/agric.v11i1.15243 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 56-60 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

AFM Jamal Uddin ◽

MS Islam ◽

H Mehraj ◽

MZK Roni ◽

S Shahrin

Keyword(s):

Shelf Life ◽

Normal Condition ◽

Block Design ◽

Pot Experiment ◽

Cut Flowers ◽

Eustoma Grandiflorum ◽

Commercial Cultivation ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Commercial Cultivars ◽

First Time

A pot experiment was conducted for the first time in Bangladesh, at the Horticulture Farm of Sher-e- Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka during November, 2010 to July, 2011 to asses the adaptability of seven lisianthus (Eustoma grandiflorum) cultivars namely Micky Rose, Pink Rose, Azuma No Yosooi, Purple Edge Glass, Piccolo Blue, Mellow Purple and Royal Violet for commercial cultivation in Bangladesh. The experiment was conducted in a Randomized Complete Block Design with nine replications. Significant differences among cultivars were noted for all the attributes evaluated. The highest number of flowers (16.0/plant) was produced by Piccolo Blue and the lowest from Pink Rose (7.0/plant). All the cultivars in this study showed very good shelf life (12.0-25.0days) in normal condition. All the seven lisianthus cultivars performed satisfactorily as ideal cut flowers. Further work may be done to develop these as commercial cultivars in Bangladesh. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/agric.v11i1.15243 The Agriculturists 2013; 11(1) 56-60

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Onion Maggot Control with Seed Treatments, 1994

Arthropod Management Tests ◽

10.1093/amt/20.1.101 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

pp. 101-101

Author(s):

D. R. Webb ◽

A. G. Taylor ◽

M. L. Hessney ◽

C. J. Eckenrode

Keyword(s):

New York ◽

Block Design ◽

Seed Treatments ◽

Onion Maggot ◽

Row Width ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Muck Soil

Abstract Seeds were planted 27 Apr in muck soil near Prattsburg, New York, on Franjo Farms. Plots were single rows, 30 ft long replicated 4 times in a randomized complete block design. Germination and damage counts were recorded from the center 20 ft of each row. All seeds were planted using a hand-pushed cone seeder at the rate of 9 seeds/ft. All seeds were treated with Progro at the rate of 25 g of formulation/kg of raw seed to minimize incidence of onion smut (Urocystis cepulae). The standard in-furrow treatment of Lorsban and one check, were treated with Dithane F-45, rather than Progro, applied in-furrow at 2.4 qts formulation in 75 gal water/acre based on a 15-inch row width.

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Heterodera glycine race 2 and the yield of common bean in Puerto Rico.

The Journal of Agriculture of the University of Puerto Rico ◽

10.46429/jaupr.v86i3-4.3052 ◽

1969 ◽

Vol 86 (3-4) ◽

pp. 117-122

Author(s):

James R. Smith

Keyword(s):

Puerto Rico ◽

Common Bean ◽

Seed Yield ◽

Yield Components ◽

Block Design ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Glycine Max L ◽

Race 2 ◽

Pod Number

Heterodera glycines, a destructive pathogen of soybean (Glycine max L. Merc), was recently discovered in Puerto Rico. Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) can also be a host for H. glycines, but there are no reports of the effect of H. glycines on seed yield of bean. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of the Puerto Rico race-2 population of H. glycines on yield components of common bean. Three resistant and three non-resistant bean lines were exposed to three infestation densities (0, 4,000, and 8,000 eggs and juveniles per pot) of H. glycines race 2, A factorial arrangement of lines and infestation densities was used in a randomized complete block design with six replications in a greenhouse in Isabela, Puerto Rico, in 2000. Data for seed number, pod number, and seed yield per plant were collected. H. glycines had no effect on any yietd component. Observed differences in yield components were due to genotypic factors unrelated to H. glycines. Initial conclusions indicate that H. glycines will not affect yield of common bean in Puerto Rico. Follow-up studies of common bean and H. glycines, using course-textured sous, are recommended.

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PHYSICAL PROTECTOR IN DIRECT SOWING OF BARU INFLUENCING IN THE INITIAL GROWTH OF THE SEEDLINGS

JOURNAL OF NEOTROPICAL AGRICULTURE ◽

10.32404/rean.v5i4.2726 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (4) ◽

pp. 20-25

Author(s):

Rogério Costa da Silva ◽

Ana Paula Leite de Lima ◽

Sebastião Ferreira de Lima ◽

Guilherme Marchesini Trevizani ◽

João Batista Leite Junior

Keyword(s):

Seedling Survival ◽

Block Design ◽

Seedling Emergence ◽

Soil Surface ◽

Stem Diameter ◽

Initial Growth ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Number Of Leaves ◽

Direct Sowing

The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of using physical protectors on the emergence and initial growth of Baru seedlings in a direct sowing system. The experiment was installed in a randomized complete block design, testing the use of physical protectors (no protection, P0; plastic cup (500 mL) without the bottom, P1; laminated wood, P2), with 12 repetitions. Weekly soil temperature monitoring was carried out in the morning and in the afternoon in the period between 14 and 56 days after sowing (DAS). Daily emergence follow-up was also performed, and the stem diameter, total height and number of leaves were measured at 81 DAS. The use of physical protectors in the direct seeding of Baru interfered in the soil surface temperature on the sowing point, on the seedling emergence speed index, seedling survival, stem diameter and seedling height. Implementing protectors slowed the seedling emergence speed, however it provided higher percentages of emergence, survival and greater growth in diameter and height.

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Screening Onion Lines for Resistance to Sclerotium cepivorumBerk. using Field and Onion Scale Assessments

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.32.3.469b ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 32 (3) ◽

pp. 469B-469

Author(s):

M.R. McDonald ◽

M.H.Y. Hovius ◽

C. Sirjusingh

Keyword(s):

Field Trial ◽

White Rot ◽

Breeding Lines ◽

Positive Correlation ◽

Sclerotium Cepivorum ◽

Strong Potential ◽

Wide Range ◽

Commercial Cultivars ◽

Direct Seeded

Resistance to Sclerotium cepivorum was investigated over 3 years at field sites with known histories of white rot in the Holland Marsh, Ontario, Canada. Onion lines from three sources (Petoseed, Asgrow Ltd., and Univ. of Wisconsin), including commercial cultivars, were direct-seeded (1995) or hand-transplanted (1994 and 1996) and the bulbs were assessed for white rot incidence at harvest. The incidence of white rot in 1994 was low (0% to 2.6%) and not significantly different among lines and cultivars. In 1995, white rot incidence was moderate at sites 1 and 2 (maximum 21.5% and 24%), but low at site 3 (0% to 6.3%). In 1996, white rot incidence ranged from 0.8% to 41.1% at site 1, but was not observed at sites 2 and 3. The results of the 1995 and 1996 assessment suggested that the breeding lines could be divided into two major groups with high (Univ. of Wisconsin) or low (Asgrow Ltd. and Petoseed) resistance to the fungus. Scale segments of harvested bulbs from the 1995 field trial and 35 commercial cultivars were inoculated with mycelial plugs of two isolates of Sclerotium cepivorum. The resulting lesions were measured. Significant differences in lesion diameters among onion lines (9.1–22.4 mm) and cultivars (10.5–26.75 mm) were found within isolates. There was a significant, high, and positive correlation between diameters of lesions formed by the two isolates on the 23 lines (r2 = 0.76, P = 0.05) and 35 cultivars (r2 = 0.62, P = 0.005). Both techniques demonstrated a wide range of resistance to white rot. This suggests a strong potential for increasing resistance through breeding.

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Evaluation of Preharvest Aflatoxin Contamination in Several Potentially Resistant Peanut Genotypes1

Peanut Science ◽

10.3146/pnut.22.1.0007 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

pp. 29-32 ◽

Cited By ~ 32

Author(s):

W. F. Anderson ◽

C. C. Holbrook ◽

D. M. Wilson ◽

M. E. Matheron

Keyword(s):

Drought Stress ◽

Arachis Hypogaea ◽

Block Design ◽

Aflatoxin Contamination ◽

Sources Of Resistance ◽

Arachis Hypogaea L ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Potential Sources ◽

Drought Conditions ◽

Field Plots

Abstract Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is susceptible to aflatoxin contamination when pods are developing under drought conditions in the field. The development of cultivars which resist preharvest aflatoxin contamination would be advantageous, but has been limited by the lack of genes for resistance. Several genotypes have been suggested as potential sources of resistance. Conflicting results have been reported on how useful this resistance may be, and some of these sources have never been specifically examined for resistance to preharvest aflatoxin contamination. The objective of this study was to evaluate aflatoxin contamination under drought stressed conditions in potentially resistant peanut genotypes. Twelve peanut genotypes were planted in a randomized complete-block design in field plots in Yuma, AZ in 1991 and 1992. Ten of these genotypes were also planted in a randomized complete-block design in field plots in Tifton, GA in 1992. All plots were inoculated with Aspergillus inoculum and were subjected to 40 to 50 d of drought stress immediately prior to harvest. After harvest, aflatoxin contamination (ppb) of seed was measured. None of the genotypes included in this study were more resistant (P≤0.05) to preharvest aflatoxin contamination than Florunner. The results of this study indicate that it would be desirable to identify higher levels of resistance to preharvest aflatoxin contamination in peanut.

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Genotypic selection of advanced potato clones by REML/BLUP

Horticultura Brasileira ◽

10.1590/s0102-053620180220 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 36 (2) ◽

pp. 265-270

Author(s):

Giovani O Silva ◽

Arione S Pereira ◽

Fernanda Q Azevedo ◽

Agnaldo DF Carvalho

Keyword(s):

Yield Components ◽

Tuber Yield ◽

Block Design ◽

Yield Traits ◽

Tuber Weight ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Commercial Cultivars ◽

Average Tuber Weight ◽

New Cultivars ◽

Selection Of

ABSTRACT Potato genotypes were evaluated in their performance, according to the genotype values for tuber yield traits. The experiments were carried out in Canoinhas and Pelotas, Brazil, in spring 2014. Eleven advanced clones and two commercial cultivars (Agata and Asterix) (check cultivars) were evaluated. A randomized complete block design with four replicates was used. Plots were harvested 110 days after planting, and evaluated for tuber yield components. The data were submitted to joint deviance analyzes using the REML/BLUP method. Clones F102-22-07 and F32-02-06 stood out positively for tuber yield. F102-22-07 showed high marketable tuber yield and average tuber weight, while clone F32-02-06 exhibited high marketable and total tuber yield. The superiority of these advanced clones in relation to the check cultivars, suggests their potential to be evaluated in other environments, aiming their release as new cultivars.

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