scholarly journals Composted Green Waste as a Container Medium Amendment for the Production of Ornamental Plants

HortScience ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.W. Burger ◽  
T.K. Hartz ◽  
G.W. Forister
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Petunia Hybrida ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Growth Characteristics ◽  
Green Waste ◽  
Juniperus Sabina ◽  
Germinating Seeds ◽  
Pittosporum Tobira

Seed germination and crop growth characteristics were determined for Tagetes spp. L. `Lemondrop', marigold; Catharanthus roseus Don. `Little Pinkie', vinca; Petunia hybrida Vilm. `Royalty Cherry', petunia; Dendranthema×grandiflorum (Ramat.) Kitamura `White Diamond', chrysanthemum; Pittosporum tobira Ait. `Wheeleri', sweet mock orange; Photinia ×fraseri Dress., photinia and Juniperus sabina L. `Moon Glow', juniper grown in various size containers containing blends of composted green waste (CGW) and UC Mix. Seed germination, plant height, and stem and root fresh and dry mass were lowest in unamended CGW. For most plants studied, a CGW: UC Mix blend containing at least 25% UC Mix was required for adequate growth and development. Germinating seeds and young seedlings were most adversely affected by unamended CGW. As plants grew and were transplanted into larger containers (10- and 15-cm pots, 530 and 1800 mL), they were better able to grow in media with higher CGW content.

scholarly journals Raw and Fermented Alfalfa Brown Juice Induces Changes in the Germination and Development of French Marigold (Tagetes patula L.) Plants

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1076
Author(s):  
Döme Barna ◽  
Szilvia Kisvarga ◽  
Szilvia Kovács ◽  
Gábor Csatári ◽  
Ibolya O. Tóth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Tagetes Patula ◽  
Root And Shoot Length ◽  
Horticultural Practice ◽  
Brown Juice

Organic and ecological farming programs require new and efficient biostimulants with beneficial properties for the sustainable and safe production of seedlings and ornamental plants. We examined the effect of non-fermented and lacto-fermented alfalfa brown juice (BJ) on seed germination and the vegetative, physiological, and anatomical properties of French marigold (Tagetes patula L. ‘Csemő’) plants which were treated with 0.5–10% fermented and non-fermented BJ, with tap water applied as a control. Applying 0.5% fermented BJ significantly improved seed germination compared with non-fermented BJ, resulting in an increase of 9.6, 11.2, 10.9, and 41.7% in the final germination percent, germination rate index, germination index, and vigor index, respectively. In addition, it increased the root and shoot length by 7.9 and 16.1%, respectively, root and shoot dry mass by 20 and 47.6%, respectively, and the number of leaves by 28.8% compared to the control. Furthermore, an increase in contents of water-soluble phenol, chlorophyll a and b, and carotenoid was reported upon the application of 0.5% fermented BJ, while peroxidase activity decreased. Our results prove that alfalfa BJ can be enrolled as a biostimulant as part of the circular farming approach which supports the sustainable horticultural practice.

scholarly journals Tolerance of chia seeds to copper

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 42
Author(s):  
Raquel Stefanello ◽  
Patrícia Carine Hüller Goergen ◽  
Carmine Aparecida Lenz Hister ◽  
Ubirajara Russi Nunes
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Toxic Metals ◽  
Environmental Contamination ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Distilled Water

Environmental contamination by toxic metals has become a serious problem to plants, animals, and humans. Among the toxic metals in the environment, copper (Cu) is the most important contaminant and, when in excess in water and soil, can disturb the growth and development of plants, decreasing the productivity of crops. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the tolerance of chia seeds to copper. The seeds were place on paper soaked in aqueous solutions of copper at concentrations of zero (distilled water), 60, 120, 180, and 240 mg L-1. The parameters evaluated were percentage of germination, primary count, total, shoot and root length, and dry mass of the seedlings. An increase in concentration of copper in the substrate promoted a significant decrease in seed germination, growth, and dry mass of the chia seedlings. It is concluded that, during the germination phase, chia seeds moderately tolerate exposure to Cu, up to 180 mg L-1, but can be intolerant at higher concentrations.

scholarly journals Grass Weeds Interfering with Eucalypt: Effects of the Distance of Coexistence on the Initial Plant Growth

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Graat ◽  
J.O. Rosa ◽  
M.P. Nepomuceno ◽  
L.B. Carvalho ◽  
P.L.C.A. Alves
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Growth Characteristics ◽  
Urochloa Decumbens ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Eucalyptus Urograndis ◽  
Mass Accumulation ◽  
Number Of Branches

Two experiments were carried out to evaluate the initial plant growth of Eucalyptus urograndis growing in coexistence with Urochloa decumbens and U. ruziziensis. In 100-L box, one plant of U. decumbens or U. ruziziensis grew in coexistence with one plant of E. urograndis clones C219H or H15, respectively, in the distances of 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, and 40 cm from the crop. After 30, 60, 90 (both clones), and 150 days (just for H15), growth characteristics were evaluated. Plants of both clones, growing in weed-free situations, showed a better growth and development than plants that grew in weedy situations, independently of the distance, having the highest plant height, stem diameter, dry mass of stem, and dry mass of leaves. As the same way, the number of branches, number of leaves, and leaf area of the clone C219H were similarly affected. Urochloa ruziziensis reduced the dry mass accumulation of stem and leaves by the rate of 0.06 and 0.32 g per plant, respectively, per each centimeter growing nearest to the crop, while U. decumbens reduced by 0.03 and 0.14 g per plant. The interference of U. decumbens and U. ruziziensis with E. urograndis is more intense when weedy plants grow in short distances from the crop.

scholarly journals Effects of Maternal Environment on Seed Germination and Seedling Vigor of Petunia × hybrida under Different Abiotic Stresses

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 581
Author(s):  
Chi D. Nguyen ◽  
Jianjun Chen ◽  
David Clark ◽  
Hector Perez ◽  
Heqiang (Alfred) Huo
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Petunia Hybrida ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Controlled Environment ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
Seedling Vigor ◽  
Maternal Environment ◽  
Mother Plants

Seed germination and seedling vigor can be affected by environmental cues experienced by the mother plant. However, information about how the maternal environment affects seed quality is scarce in ornamental plants. This study aimed to investigate the effects of two different maternal environments on the seed germination and seedling vigor of Petunia × hybrida under a variety of abiotic stresses. Petunia mother plants were grown in either a greenhouse during the summer months or an indoor controlled-temperature-and-light environment. Collected seeds were subjected to external stressors, including polyethylene glycol (PEG), sodium chloride (NaCl), high temperature, and abscisic acid (ABA), to determine seed germination percentage and seedling vigor. Results indicated that seeds harvested from the mother plants grown in a controlled environment germinated better than seeds harvested from the mother plants grown in the greenhouse when suboptimal germination conditions were applied. Additionally, the seedlings from the controlled maternal environment performed better in both ABA and salinity stress tests than the greenhouse seedlings. Interestingly, the greenhouse seedlings displayed less reactive oxygen species (ROS) damage and lower electrolyte leakage than the controlled environment seedlings under dehydration stress. The difference in germination and seedling vigor of seeds from the two different maternal environments might be due to the epigenetic memory inherited from the mother plants. This study highlighted the strong impact of the maternal environment on seed germination and seedling vigor in Petunia and may assist in high-quality seed production in ornamental plants.

scholarly journals Seed Germination and in vitro Plant Regeneration through Callus Culture of Two Lychnis Species

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kee Hwa Bae ◽  
Eui Soo Yoon
Keyword(s):  
Plant Regeneration ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
In Vitro Propagation ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Adventitious Shoot ◽  
Temperature Treatment ◽  
In Vitro Plant Regeneration

Lychnis cognate Maxim and Lychnis fulgens Fish. Ex Spreng are two valued ornamental plants in Korea. Soaking of seeds in GA3 solution remarkably promoted germination up to 60%, but the control (0 mg/l) was not effective (> 5%). To select an adequate temperature for seed germination, seeds, previously soaked in a 1000 mg/l GA3 for 24 hrs, were incubated at 15, 20, 25, and 30°C. Seed germination of over 20% was obtained at 15, 20, and 25°C, but only 10% at 30°C. These results indicate that the seeds of L. cognate and L. fulgens are in a such dormant state that they hardly germinate even by dormancy breaker (GA3) and low (15 ? 25°C) temperature treatment. The highest callus induction was observed in the leaf explants of the seedlings on MS containing specific concentrations of 3.0 mg/l BA and 1.0 mg/l NAA. The adventitious shoot was formed < 90% of calli on 1/2 WPM medium. The height of in vitro propagated plantlet was no different media used for regeneration. This in vitro propagation protocol should be useful for conservation of endangered and ornamental plant.Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 25(1): 1-12, 2015 (June)

scholarly journals Çeşitli Biyoaktivatör Uygulamalarının Çarkıfelek ve Guava Bitkilerinin Fidan Gelişimi Üzerine Etkileri

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 421
Author(s):  
Canan Nilay Duran ◽  
Gizem Demirkaplan ◽  
Sevinç Şener
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Psidium Guajava ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Sapling Growth ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Average Plant ◽  
Average Plant Height

Passionflower is a member of Passifloraceae family, it can be used as medicinal and ornamental plants in addition to its consumption as fruit in the world. Guava (Psidium guajava L.) fruits, which has a rich nutrient content, are consumed both fresh and processed. Passionfruit and guava plants, which can only be cultivated in temperate southern coasts in our country, have gained commercial importance because of the fruits' export potential, high medical importance and nutrient. This study was carried out to determine the effects of some bioactivator applications on the criteria of sapling growth and development of passionflower and guava plants. The experiment was conducted between 2018-2019 under greenhouse conditions. Saplings obtained from seed germination in Akdeniz University Faculty of Agriculture Research and Experiment Area were used as plant material. 3 different commercial preparations called Messenger, Crop-set and ISR-2000 were used as bioactivators. Plant height (cm), stem diameter (mm) and number of leaves (number / plant) were measured weekly, in order to determine the effect of the applications on the growth and development of saplings. At the end of the study, it was determined that the highest average plant height (10.17 cm), stem diameter (13.53 mm) were obtained in ISR-2000 application. The highest average plant height (11.93 cm), stem diameter (16.44 mm) and number of leaves (9.07 units / plant) were obtained from Messenger application in guava plant. When the results obtained are evaluated, it is recommended that ISR-2000 bioactivator can be applied in passionflower sapling cultivation and Messenger bioactivator can be applied for guava sapling cultivation.

scholarly journals Seed germination and antioxidant enzyme activity in seedlings of diploid and tetraploid bahiagrass under water restriction

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel Streck Bortolin ◽  
Alfredo José Salinas-Arcienega ◽  
Yutcelia Carolina Galviz-Fajardo ◽  
Luciano do Amarante ◽  
Carlos Eduardo da Silva Pedroso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Paspalum Notatum ◽  
Water Restriction ◽  
Germination Test ◽  
Growth Activity ◽  
Higher Temperature

ABSTRACT: The objective of the following research was to investigate the physiological responses of two bahiagrass genotypes (Paspalum notatum Flügge) submitted to water restriction, induced by polyethylene glycol (PEG6000), during seed germination. Seeds of cv. Pensacola (diploid) and Bagual ecotype (tetraploid) were placed on paper moistened with osmotic solutions at potentials of 0.0; -0.1; -0.2 and -0.3 MPa. Composed of two subsamples of 100 seeds and four experimental units per treatment, the germination test was conducted in a germination chamber under alternating temperatures of 30 °C (8 hours) and 20 °C (16 hours), with presence of light during the higher temperature. Final germination percentage and germination speed index of the seeds, as well as early growth, activity and expression of antioxidant enzymes of seedlings were evaluated. The water restriction induced by PEG6000 reduced the percentage of germination in Pensacola (from 74% to 59%) and Bagual (34% to 10%). For the latter, the evaluation of seedlings showed higher dry mass in relation to cv. Pensacola (1.7 times higher in root and 1.6 times in shoot). In response to moderate water restriction, the genotypes showed increases in root growth (1.7 times higher in -0.1 compared to 0.0 MPa), both in expression and enzymatic activity (superoxide dismutase and catalase).

scholarly journals Intellectual property rights in Brazilian floriculture: innovations for the growth and development of the market

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Helio Junqueira ◽  
Marcia Peetz
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
The United States ◽  
Consumer Market ◽  
International Trends ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Cultivated Species ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Sectoral Policy

One of the most important demands imposed by the consumer market on the Brazilian Productive Chain of Flowers and Ornamental Plants is the constant launching of innovations in cultivated species and varieties. Such innovations include the constant introduction of flowers and plants not yet grown and commercialized, both native and adapted exotic species, as well as transformations and changes in size, shape, coloring and conduction patterns and presentation of these goods to the market. Brazil does not have a relevant breeding and cultivation industry. In this sense, it is highly dependent on imports of genetic material developed by countries such as the Netherlands, Germany, Japan, the United States of America, Thailand, among others. Recent developments in the sectoral policy to protect the rights of genetic developers, in the development of internationally adequate legislation and in the control of the use and trade of cultivars, has allowed Brazil greater access to new genetic materials of high quality and in line with contemporary international trends in the consumption. This article aims to discuss the state of the art of protection of cultivars in Brazil, pointing to the advances that the legislation and the inspection have allowed in relation to the introduction of genetic innovations, evaluating the impact of these measures on the growth and development of the market of consumption of flowers and ornamental plants in the country.

scholarly journals FEATURES OF BRASSICA RAPA'S GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT, DEPENDING ON THE TERRITORY OF SOWING THE SEED

2019 ◽  
pp. 183-194
Author(s):  
Serhii Vdovenko
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
The Third ◽  
Golden Ball ◽  
And Control

In order to study the effect of the time of sowing seeds on the passage of morphogenesis and productivity of rapeseed, the scheme included experiments where the seeds were sown in I, II, III in April, I and II in May. The experiment used varieties of Golden Ball, Purpurleopop, Purpurov and Geisha, and control was the variant in which the seeds of the Golden Ball varieties were sown in the second decade of April with a row spacing of 45 cm. laboratory - to determine the total yield; statistical - to establish the reliability of the investigated factors. Seed germination analysis used in the experiment ranged from 78.9% to 81.1% on average. The highest indicator of seed germination was characterized by the Purpulepop variety, where the studied value was 83.2%, which was dominated by the seed germination of the control variant by 2.1%. In the early stages of sowing seeds, the period of seedling formation was shorter. Seeding of seeds in the first two decades of April on the surface of the soil was observed for 8 days. The short sprouting period was characterized by all varieties of turnips. As a result of sowing turnip seeds at a later date, namely in the third decade of April - the first and second decade of May and the setting of a higher soil temperature, the period of germination was extended and ranged from 8 to 10 days. By using the term of sowing seeds I-II decade of April, the short interphase period was characterized by Purpleupop and Purpurova varieties, where the specified period was only 22 days. The sowing of turnip seeds at a later date ensured the formation of an interphase period of "seedlings - leaf rosette" in 23-25 days except Purpulopop variety. The interphase period "leaf rosette - the beginning of rooting" and "the beginning of rooting - technical maturity" determined the benefits of early seeding, namely in the first decade of April on varieties Purpulopop and Purpurov.The short vegetation period was characterized by the Golden Ball plants for sowing seeds in the first and third decades of April and the first of May. During the specified seeding period the duration of the growing season was only 40 days. A longer vegetation period was characterized by plants of the Geisha variety for sowing seeds in the first two decades of April. As a result of the use of the researched elements of technology to grow turnips in open soil, the total yield varied from 11.0 t / ha to 24.0 t / ha. The most productive is the first sowing of rapeseed, where its value ranged from 20.6 t / ha to 22.7 t / ha. At the same time, when sowing seeds in the first decade of April, the yield of turnip varieties Purpulepop was the highest and was 22.7 t / ha, or the increase was 2.4 t / ha.

scholarly journals Effects of plant density and proportion on the interaction between wheat with alexandergrass plants

Bragantia ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardo Bianco de Carvalho ◽  
Pedro Luis da Costa Aguiar Alves ◽  
José Valcir Fidelis Martins
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Replacement Series ◽  
Mixture Experiment ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Production Characteristics

Determination of competitive relationships among plant species requires appropriate experimental designs and method of analysis. The hypothesis of this research was that two species growing in coexistence show different growth and development due to their relative competitiveness. This research aims to measure the relative competitiveness of wheat crop compared to Alexandergrass by the interpretation of plant density and proportional effects using replacement series experiments. Monocultures were cultivated in densities of 1, 3, 5, 10 and 15 plants per pot and analyzed by regression of dry mass data. Mixture experiment was cultivated in wheat:Alexandergrass proportions of 0:6, 1:5, 2:4, 3:3, 4:2, 5:1 and 6:0 plants per pot and analyzed by graphical interpretation of growth and production characteristics. Both experiments were carried out in randomized complete block design with four replicates. Alexandergrass was more sensitive to intraspecific competition than wheat. Alexandergrass was lightly more competitive than wheat. Number and weight of spikes and number of tillers were the wheat characteristics more affected by Alexandergrass interference.

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