scholarly journals 464 Distribution of Sugars in Sweet Corn

HortScience ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 524D-524
Author(s):  
V.M. Russo ◽  
T. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Plant Development ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
The Other ◽  
Fresh Market ◽  
Leaf Stage ◽  
Corn Plants

Sweet corn (Zea mays L.) kernels are sinks, and sugars found in kernels must be translocated from a source. Stalk tissues can act as a source and a sink as sweet corn plants age. Quantity and types of sugars present in various sweet corn tissues during plant development are not well documented. Concentrations of fructose, glucose, sucrose, and their total were determined in the ninth stalk internodes (I9) from the 12-leaf stage (V12) to fresh-market maturity (R3) in sweet corn cultivars carrying either the su1se1, su1, or sh2 endosperm genotype. Developing ears were sampled at tassel emergence (VN) and silking (R1). Kernels and cob tissue were sampled separately at blister stage (R2) and R3. Correlation analysis was performed on concentrations of sugars at all developmental stages. In I9, from V12 to R3, levels of fructose and glucose declined and sucrose increased. In developing ears, concentrations of fructose and glucose increased from VN to R1. Concentrations of sugars in cobs in all cultivars were generally the same at R2 and R3. In kernels from R2 to R3 in the su1se1 cultivar, glucose decreased while the other sugars were unchanged; in the su1 cultivar, fructose decreased while levels of the other sugars stayed the same; and in the sh2 cultivar, fructose decreased, glucose was unchanged and sucrose increased. Correlation analysis suggested that the cultivars moved sugars to the kernels differently. The pattern of movement of sugars to kernels was most complex in the su1se1 cultivar than in the su1, which was more comlex than in the sh2 cultivar. Knowing how sugar content changes in the plant may be used to predict sugar content in kernels.

In-Furrow Terbufos Reduces Field and Sweet Corn (Zea mays) Tolerance to Nicosulfuron

1993 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 934-939 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cathy A. Morton ◽  
R. Gordon Harvey ◽  
James J. Kells ◽  
Douglas A. Landis ◽  
William E. Lueschen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Nonionic Surfactant ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Leaf Stage ◽  
Field Corn ◽  
Previously Treated

Field experiments were conducted in Michigan, Minnesota, and Wisconsin in 1990 to explore interactions between nicosulfuron applied POST and terbufos insecticide at 0.06 or 0.11 g ai/m of row applied in-furrow on ‘Pioneer 3751’ field corn and ‘Jubilee’ sweet corn. Nicosulfuron at 0, 70, and 140 g ai/ha plus nonionic surfactant and 28% nitrogen fertilizer was applied to both corn types. Field corn response to nicosulfuron and terbufos was similar at all locations, whereas sweet corn injury varied with location. Nicosulfuron injured field corn more when applied at the four-leaf than the three-leaf stage. Injury to both corn types increased as nicosulfuron rate increased or when applied following terbufos. Nicosulfuron at 140 g/ha without terbufos did not reduce yield of either corn type; however, corn previously treated in-furrow with terbufos reduced yield.

scholarly journals Managing interference in a sweet corn-white clover living mulch system

1993 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 51-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albert Fischer ◽  
Larry Burrill
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
White Clover ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Narrow Band ◽  
Living Mulch ◽  
Row Crops ◽  
Row Width ◽  
Golden Jubilee ◽  
Corn Plants

AbstractLiving mulches are vegetative covers that can be grown in association with row crops to reduce soil erosion, improve trafficability and suppress weeds. Interference by the living mulch can reduce yields of an associated crop. The interference between a white clover (Trifolium repens L. ‘New Zealand’) living mulch and sweet corn (Zea mays L. ‘Golden Jubilee’) was studied using an established clover sward that was mowed and then sprayed with 1 to 1.5 kg ai/ha of atrazine. Corn was planted at different densities and planting arrangements into a narrow band tilled in the clover. Interference by clover reduced corn yields by 12 to 39%. However, when corn row width was reduced from 0.76 to 0.38 m, competition among corn plants declined; they became more vigorous and clover- suppress ive and reached even higher yields than conventional (no mulch) corn in 0.76 m rows. Similarly, sweet corn planted at a range of densities into a clover mulch killed by atrazine yielded more in equidistant planting than in wide (0.76 m) rows. A near equidistant corn planting arrangement can be a low-input alternative to achieve season-long clover suppression and thus minimize clover's competition with the intercropped corn.

Relationships Between Yield and Crown Disease of Sweet Corn Grown in the Willamette Valley of Oregon

2009 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Nathan L. Miller ◽  
Cynthia M. Ocamb
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Image Analysis ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Analysis Program ◽  
Willamette Valley ◽  
Nodal Roots ◽  
Corn Plants

Sweet corn (Zea mays L.) yields in the Willamette Valley of Oregon declined during the 1990s. Severe root rot affected some plants shortly before harvest, but was absent in other plants that showed secondary symptoms of reduced ear yield and leaf death; necrosis of stalk nodes and crown tissues was found instead. Studies were done to determine if there is a relationship among yield and necrosis of crowns, stalk nodes, nodal roots, radicles, or sub-crown internodes. An image analysis program was used to quantify the grayscale value of crown and node tissues. Regression analysis indicates that plants with darker crown tissues have lower ear weights. Rots of the nodal roots, radicle, or sub-crown internode were poor predictors of ear weight at harvest. When either Fusarium oxysporum or F. verticillioides were isolated from crowns of commercial sweet corn plants, these crowns had significantly darker grayscale values than those from which neither species was isolated; ear weights were also lower when F. oxysporum was isolated from the crown or a stalk node. Accepted for publication 13 July 2009. Published 31 August 2009.

scholarly journals DAMPAK SISTEM OLAH TANAH DAN MULSA TANDAN KOSONG KELAPA SAWIT TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN, HASIL JAGUNG MANIS (Zea mays saccharata) DAN TATA AIR TANAH

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 68-74
Author(s):  
Andreas Junico Marulitua Situmorang ◽  
Bandi Hermawan ◽  
Hesti Pujiwati
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Land Management ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Infiltration Rate ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunch ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunches ◽  
Tillage System ◽  
Corn Plants

[IMPACT OF THE TILLAGE SYSTEM AND OIL PALM EMPTY FRUIT BUNCH MULCH ON GROWTH, YIELD OF SWEET CORN (Zea mays saccharata) AND GROUNDWATER SYSTEM].  This study aims to determine the impact of land management and the use of oil palm empty fruit bunches (TKKS) mulch. This research was conducted from August to October 2018, arranged in a split plot design with two factors. As a first factor, land management consists of unprocessed, plowed, and plowed and harrowed. The treatment of oil palm empty fruit bunches mulch as the second factor consisted of no mulch, 9 tonnes/ha of mulch, 12 tonnes/ha of mulch, and 15 tonnes/ha of mulch. Plant variables observed consisted of plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves, fresh plant weight, plant dry, ear weight, ear length, ear diameter. Soil variables observed were the redistribution of groundwater and infiltration. The results showed no significant interaction between the tillage system and the application of oil palm empty fruit bunch mulch on all observed variables. Treatment without tillage or mulch dose of 12 tons/ha can provide growth and yield of sweet corn plants better than other treatments. The highest water content and infiltration rate were obtained from the dosage of oil palm empty bunches mulch 15 tons/ha. Soil cultivation by plowing and harrowing produces the highest infiltration rate compared to lower tillage intensities. About 18% to 42% of the diversity of growth and yield of sweet corn plants have a significant relationship with the diversity of groundwater.

scholarly journals Distribution of Cadmium in Sweet Corn Grown on a Peat Soil and Its Implication on Food Safety

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-33
Author(s):  
Rini Susana ◽  
Denah Suswati
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Peat Soil ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
West Kalimantan ◽  
Dry Ashing ◽  
Safe Limit ◽  
Corn Plants ◽  
The Village

Cadmium (Cd) is a heavy metal that can contaminate agricultural soils, in which one of the sources of Cd in agricultural soils is the use of phosphate fertilizers. Some plant species are known to have the ability to accumulate large amounts of Cd in their organs despite the Cd content in soil is relatively small. Cadmium distribution in various organs of plants also shows a diverse variation. Maize is able to accumulate Cd in its organs, either in roots, leaves or grains. This study aims to determine the distribution of Cd in sweet corn plants grown on a peat soil. Samples of maize plants were taken from nine maize fields in the village of Rasau Jaya 1, Rasau Jaya subdistrict, Kubu Raya district, West Kalimantan. The cultivars of sweet corn planted were Zea mays saccharata cultivar Bonanza and Zea mays saccharata cultivar Secada. Samples for roots, leaves, stems and panicles were taken at the stage of early grain filling. Grain samples were taken at the phase of fresh pod consumption. The Cd contents in the plant organ tissues were determined using dry ashing method. The  results showed that the distribution of Cd in plant organs of sweet corn cultivars Secada and Bonanza follows the pattern of Cd in leaves > roots > grains > panicles > stems. The leaves contain the highest concentration of Cd, while the stems contain the lowest amount of Cd. The Cd concentration in leaves is about 3.5 times higher than that in grains, and 1.5 times higher than that in roots. The average Cd content in grains of sweet corn  is 0.037 mg kg-1, which is still below the safe limit of Cd content in grains allowed by the Standar Nasional Indonesia, i.e. 0.2 mg kg-1.   

scholarly journals Effect of soil moisture level and phosphorus rate on phosphorus uptake and growth of corn (Zea mays L)

1969 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-162
Author(s):  
Miguel A. Muñoz ◽  
Trevor G. Arscott
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Phosphorus Uptake ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Moisture Stress ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Moisture Level ◽  
The Other ◽  
Phosphorus Fertilization ◽  
Corn Plants

The effect of soil moisture level and phosphorus fertilization on corn (Zea mays L.) growth and P uptake was evaluated in a pot experiment under greenhouse conditions. Two soils, Lewisburg silt loam (fine, mixed, mesit, Typic Hapludalf) and Nipe clay (clayey, oxidic, isohyperthermic, Anionic Acrudox) were included in the study. The three moisture levels were M2 = field capacity, M2 = fluctuation between field capacity and 50% available water, and M3 = fluctuation between field capacity and permanent wilting point. The phosphorus treatments were P1 = 0 kg P/ha, P2=112 kg P/ha and P3 = 224 kg P/ha. Fresh and dry matter yield of corn plants grown on Lewisburg soil increased significantly with phosphorus fertilization. The field capacity treatment (M1) significantly outyielded the other two moisture treatments when 11 2 kg P/ha was applied. At 224 kg P/ha there was no significant difference in yield between M1 and M2 treatments, but both these treatments significantly outyielded the M3 treatment. Corn plants grown on Nipe soil did not respond to phosphorus or moisture treatments. Phosphorus applications to Lewisburg soil significantly increased phosphorus uptake by corn plants. Phosphorus uptake was 3.89, 21.60 and 42.73 mg/pot for 0, 112 and 224 kg P treatments, respectively. An increase in moisture stress decreased P uptake with M1, M2 and M3 yielding 27.88, 22.91 and 17.42 mg P/pot, respectively. Corn plants grown on Nipe soil showed a slight increase in P uptake with the application of 224 kg P/ha. but this increase was not significantly different from that of the other two P treatments. Nor did moisture stress affect P uptake. The lack of response of corn plants to P fertilization and moisture level of Nipe soil can be attributed to a high P fixing capacity of the soil.

Reduced Transpiration and Increased Water Efficiency by Diuron in Corn (Zea mays)

Weed Science ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 180-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shabir Ahmed ◽  
R. A. Fletcher
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Active Component ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Water Efficiency ◽  
Commercial Formulation ◽  
Leaf Stage ◽  
Stages Of Growth ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Corn Plants

Of several herbicides tested on both monocotyledon and dicotyledon species, diuron [3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea] was found to be the most effective in reducing transpiration in corn (Zea maysL.) plants; a reduction of 40% occurred. It was established that diuron was the active component in reducing transpiration, and not the additives in the commercial formulation (Karmex) used in this study. Foliar applications of low concentrations (0.035 to 0.56 kg/ha) of diuron effectively reduced transpiration in both cultivars (Pioneer 3780A and Pride 1108) of corn plants, at all stages of growth tested (from 3- to 10-leaf stage). This effect of diuron on reduced transpiration occurred when the supply of water or nutrients to the corn plants was either limiting or non-limiting. The reduction of transpiration of corn plants after treatment also prevented the leaves from wilting and becoming senescent. This effect was persistent over 16 days. Diuron treatment increased the water efficiency of the plants and this effect was more pronounced when water was limiting. Compared to the control, the treated plants used up to 68% less water for each gram of shoot dry weight produced. The increase in water efficiency indicates that transpiration was reduced more than photosynthesis.

Analisis Hasil hibridisasi Tanaman Jagung Manis (Zea Mays Saccharata) Dan Jagung Ketan(Zea Mays Ceratina) Menggunakanmetodepersilangan Buatan

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-60
Author(s):  
Johan Adi Saputra
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Female Parent ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Male Parent ◽  
Seed Color ◽  
Seed Shape ◽  
Color Ratio ◽  
Total Percentage ◽  
Corn Plants

ABSTRACT - To support large-scal e corn exports by the Minister of Agriculture, production is needed. One way is by hybridizing corn plants to produce new corn plants with high production. This study aims to determine the results of crosses between sweet corn and sticky corn. Reinforcement Sidoarjo with a height of sea level ± 7m in May to August 2018. This research was carried out descriptively with 2 types of crosses of sweet corn as female parent and glutinous corn as male parent (TK) and glutinous corn as female parent and sweet corn a s male parent (KT), which is repeated 4 times then continued with unpaired T Test and the usual percentage to determine the difference between TK and K The variables observed were ear weight, seed color, seed shape, and dry weight per 100 seeds. The resu lts showed that crosses gave rise to 3 color variants namely white, yellowish white and yellow. With a color ratio of 3: 1 in the TK treatment and 1: 3 in the KT treatment. Crosses of sweet corn and sticky corn also produced 2 different forms of corn, namely wrinkles and solid forms with a total percentage of 16,625% in the form of wrinkles and 83,375% in round shape.    

Colonization of the nitrogen-fixing bacterium Gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus in a large number of Canadian corn plants

2009 ◽  
Vol 89 (6) ◽  
pp. 1009-1016 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Tian ◽  
P Pauls ◽  
Z Dong ◽  
L M Reid ◽  
L Tian
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Genetic Difference ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Sucrose Content ◽  
Gluconacetobacter Diazotrophicus ◽  
Nitrogen Fixing ◽  
New Host ◽  
Positive Adaptation ◽  
Corn Plants

Gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus is a nitrogen-fixing bacterium originally found in sugarcane. In this report, we studied colonization of this bacterium in corn (Zea mays) using 17 inbred grain corn lines and 10 sweet corn varieties. Gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus was inoculated to roots of different corn plants. Thirty days after inoculation, the presence of the bacterium in plant tissues was evaluated via polymerase chain reaction using specific primers. The research showed that it was possible to introduce G. diazotrophicus into a large number of corn genotypes. The bacterium was detected in 11 grain corn lines and 9 sweet corn varieties and the overall colonization in corn was 74.1%. The bacterium was detected in stems and leaves from the primary site of inoculation, indicating the bacterium could move to other organs and the bacterium showed a positive adaptation to the new host plant. The bacterium population size in colonized plants ranged from 200 to 3000 per fresh gram of tissues. Some grain and sweet corn genotypes were not colonized by the bacterium, indicating that genetic difference exists in corn plants which influences colonization. Sucrose content in stem tissues of sweet corn varieties was higher than that in grain plants. Analysis of all the corn genotypes showed that there was a positive correlation between plant sucrose content and colonization efficiency. The study indicates that corn can be a potential new host plant for G. diazotrophicus.Key words: Grain corn, nitrogen-fixing bacterium, sugar content, sweet corn

scholarly journals Studies on sugars in sweet corn (Zea mays L. Saccharata) kernels. Part II. Changes in sugar content of sweet corn kernels and its relation to respiration during storage.

1986 ◽  
Vol 33 (8) ◽  
pp. 592-597 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koichi TATEISHI ◽  
Mitsuhiro KUMAGAI ◽  
Akifumi NAKAMURA ◽  
Toshie KOBAYASHI ◽  
Takashi IIJIMA
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Corn Kernels
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