scholarly journals 619 Cold Pretreatment, Planting Depth, and Shade Affect Cut Stem Quality and Perennialization of Field-grown Dutch Bulbs

HortScience ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 504A-504
Author(s):  
Todd J. Cavins ◽  
John M. Dole
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Cold Treatment ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cold Pretreatment ◽  
Planting Depth ◽  
Tulipa Gesneriana ◽  
Stem Quality ◽  
Narcissus Pseudonarcissus ◽  
Hyacinthus Orientalis ◽  
Plant Emergence

Hyacinthoides hispanica (Mill.) Roth., Hyacinthus orientalis L. `Gypsy Queen', Narcissus pseudonarcissus L. `Music Hall', N. pseudonarcissus `Tahiti', Tulipa gesneriana L. `Couleur Cardinal', and T. gesneriana `White Emperor' bulbs were given 0 or 6 weeks of preplant 5 °C cold treatment and planted 15, 30, or 45 cm deep into raised ground beds under 0%, 30%, or 60% shade. Plant growth was monitored for 2 years after planting. Preplant 5 °C cold pretreatment reduced percentage of Tulipa `White Emperor' bulbs that flowered but did not affect the percentage of bulbs that flowered for the other species. Cold pretreatment also delayed anthesis in one or both years for all cultivars except Hyacinthoides hispanica. The greatest percentage of bulbs flowered when planted 15 cm deep. The 45-cm planting depth reduced bulb flowering percentage or eliminated plant emergence. Increasing planting depth increased days to anthesis for all cultivars in both years. Increasing shade increased stem lengths in year 2 for all cultivars except Hyacinthoides hispanica, but did not influence percentage of bulbs flowering for any cultivars. For all cultivars perennialization was low regardless of treatment as less than 30% of bulbs survived to the 2nd year.

scholarly journals Precooling, Planting Depth, and Shade Affect Cut Flower Quality and Perennialization of Field-grown Spring Bulbs

HortScience ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Todd J. Cavins ◽  
John M. Dole
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cultivar Differences ◽  
Cut Flower ◽  
Planting Depth ◽  
Shade Plant ◽  
Music Hall ◽  
Flower Quality ◽  
Cut Flower Quality

Narcissus L. `Music Hall', N. `Tahiti', Tulipa L. `Couleur Cardinal', and T. `White Emperor' bulbs were precooled at 5 °C for 0 or 5 weeks and planted 15, 30, or 45 cm deep (from bulb base) into raised ground beds under 0%, 30%, or 60% shade. Plant growth was monitored for two consecutive years after planting. Precooling reduced the percentage of T. `White Emperor' that flowered but did not affect flowering percentage of the other cultivars. Precooling delayed anthesis in one or both years for all cultivars. The greatest percentage of bulbs flowered when planted 15 cm deep and the 45-cm planting depth reduced flowering percentage. Increasing planting depth delayed anthesis for all cultivars. Increasing shade increased stem lengths in one or both years for all cultivars, but did not influence flowering percentage. Perennialization was low for all cultivars regardless of treatment. Cultivar differences in perennialization occurred; in year 2 up to 30% of N. `Tahiti' bulbs flowered vs. 32% for `Music Hall' and up to 30% of T. `White Emperor' bulbs flowered vs. only 22% of `Couleur Cardinal'.

scholarly journals Application of Plant Extracts in Micropropagation and Cryopreservation of Bleeding Heart: An Ornamental-Medicinal Plant Species

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 542
Author(s):  
Dariusz Kulus ◽  
Natalia Miler
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
The Other ◽  
White Gold ◽  
Natural Extracts ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Impact

Lamprocapnos spectabilis (L.) Fukuhara (bleeding heart) is valued both in the horticultural and pharmaceutical markets. Despite its great popularity, information on the in vitro tissue culture technology in this species is limited. There is also little knowledge on the application of plant extracts in the tissue culture systems of plants other than orchids. The aim of this study is to compare the utility of traditional plant growth regulators (PGRs) and natural extracts—obtained from the coconut shreds, as well as oat, rice, and sesame seeds—in the micropropagation and cryopreservation of L. spectabilis ‘Gold Heart’ and ‘White Gold’. The biochemical analysis of extracts composition is also included. In the first experiment related to micropropagation via axillary buds activation, the single-node explants were cultured for a 10-week-long propagation cycle in the modified Murashige and Skoog medium fortified either with 1.11 µM benzyladenine (BA) and 1.23 µM indole-3-butritic acid (IBA) or with 10% (v/v) plant extracts. A PGRs- and extract-free control was also considered. In the cryopreservation experiment, the same 10% (v/v) extracts were added into the medium during a seven-day preculture in the encapsulation-vitrification cryopreservation protocol. It was found that the impact of natural additives was cultivar- and trait-specific. In the first experiment, the addition of coconut extract favoured the proliferation of shoots and propagation ratio in bleeding heart ‘Gold Heart’. Rice extract, on the other hand, promoted callus formation in ‘White Gold’ cultivar and was more effective in increasing the propagation ratio in this cultivar than the conventional plant growth regulators (4.1 and 2.6, respectively). Sesame extract suppressed the development of the explants in both cultivars analysed, probably due to the high content of polyphenols. As for the second experiment, the addition of plant extracts into the preculture medium did not increase the survival level of the cryopreserved shoot tips (sesame and oat extracts even decreased this parameter). On the other hand, coconut extract, abundant in simple sugars and endogenous cytokinins, stimulated a more intensive proliferation and growth of shoots after rewarming of samples. Analysing the synergistic effect of conventional plant growth regulators and natural extracts should be considered in future studies related to L. spectabilis.

scholarly journals Effect of Co-Inoculation of Bacillus sp. Strain with Bacterial Endophytes on Plant Growth and Colonization in Tomato Plant (Solanum lycopersicum)

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 480-490
Author(s):  
Ahsanul Salehin ◽  
Ramesh Raj Puri ◽  
Md Hafizur Rahman Hafiz ◽  
Kazuhito Itoh
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Solanum Lycopersicum ◽  
Plant Growth Promotion ◽  
Tomato Plant ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
The Other ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Bacillus Sp ◽  
F 33

Colonization of a biofertilizer Bacillus sp. OYK strain, which was isolated from a soil, was compared with three rhizospheric and endophytic Bacillus sp. strains to evaluate the colonization potential of the Bacillus sp. strains with a different origin. Surface-sterilized seeds of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L. cv. Chika) were sown in the sterilized vermiculite, and four Bacillus sp. strains were each inoculated onto the seed zone. After cultivation in a phytotron, plant growth parameters and populations of the inoculants in the root, shoot, and rhizosphere were determined. In addition, effects of co-inoculation and time interval inoculation of Bacillus sp. F-33 with the other endophytes were examined. All Bacillus sp. strains promoted plant growth except for Bacillus sp. RF-37, and populations of the rhizospheric and endophytic Bacillus sp. strains were 1.4–2.8 orders higher in the tomato plant than that of Bacillus sp. OYK. The plant growth promotion by Bacillus sp. F-33 was reduced by co-inoculation with the other endophytic strains: Klebsiella sp. Sal 1, Enterobacter sp. Sal 3, and Herbaspirillum sp. Sal 6., though the population of Bacillus sp. F-33 maintained or slightly decreased. When Klebsiella sp. Sal 1 was inoculated after Bacillus sp. F-33, the plant growth-promoting effects by Bacillus sp. F-33 were reduced without a reduction of its population, while when Bacillus sp. F-33 was inoculated after Klebsiella sp. Sal 1, the effects were increased in spite of the reduction of its population. Klebsiella sp. Sal 1 colonized dominantly under both conditions. The higher population of rhizospheric and endophytic Bacillus sp. in the plant suggests the importance of the origin of the strains for their colonization. The plant growth promotion and colonization potentials were independently affected by the co-existing microorganisms.

scholarly journals Pathogenicity of four Phytophthora species on kauri in vitro and glasshouse trials

2014 ◽  
Vol 67 ◽  
pp. 54-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.J. Horner ◽  
E.G. Hough
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Forest Soils ◽  
Phytophthora Cinnamomi ◽  
Phytophthora Species ◽  
The Other ◽  
Root Damage ◽  
Soil Inoculation

In kauri forest soils surveys Phytophthora taxon Agathis (PTA) P cinnamomi P multivora and P cryptogea were detected frequently In vitro and glasshouse studies determined that all four Phytophthora species produced lesions on excised kauri leaves and stems Lesion advance was significantly slower with P cinnamomi P multivora and P cryptogea than with PTA When 2yearold kauri seedlings were trunkinoculated lesion spread was rapid with PTA trunks were girdled and all trees died within 46 weeks Phytophthora cinnamomi P multivora and P cryptogea produced substantially smaller lesions than PTA no trees died and plant growth was only slightly suppressed Following soil inoculation with PTA all kauri seedlings died within 10 weeks There were no deaths following soil inoculation with P cinnamomi P multivora or P cryptogea although feeder root damage was observed and the respective pathogens were reisolated Results suggest that PTA is an aggressive pathogen and the other three species are weaker pathogens of kauri

scholarly journals APPLICATION OF BENZYLADENINE (BA) IN THE FORM OF LANOLIN PASTE ON FLOWER-STALK BUDS SUCCESSFULLY INDUCED RE-BLOOMING OF HYBRID Phalaenopsis

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 383
Author(s):  
Mukhaila Iryani ◽  
Yusnita Yusnita ◽  
Dwi Hapsoro ◽  
Kukuh Setiawan ◽  
Agus Karyanto
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
The Other ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Bud Break ◽  
Flower Stalk ◽  
Moth Orchid ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

Hybrid moth orchid (genus Phalaenopsis) is one of the most popular ornamentals in Indonesia. It has beautiful and long-lasting flowers, but cultivating this orchid is still become a challenging issues due to the need of specific condition to grow and long time period to re-blooming. Plant growth regulators (PGR) (i.e. Benzyladenine (BA)) has been widely documented as a flower-inducing substance in several orchids. However, the optimal concentration and its mechanism in inducing flower-stalk bud and re-blooming is still unclear. This research aimed to study the effects of BA application in the form of lanolin paste on hybrid Phalaenopsis flower-stalk buds. We conducted this study using completely randomized design with four replications at the greenhouse laboratory Faculty of Agriculture University of Lampung on August to December 2018. We divided the orchid into 5 group of BA concentration (0, 1000, 1500, 3000, or 6000 ppm). The sheath of the fourth or fifth buds of the flowers were carefully opened, then it smeared with BA. The percentage of bud break into flower spike or keiki, length of shoots or spike and number of open flowers were recorded until 10 weeks of observation. The results showed that, neither of the buds under the control treatment (without BA), 1000 ppm nor 1500 ppm BA broke and grew into keiki or spike. On the other hand, application of BA at 3000 ppm or 6000 ppm successfully induced 100% flower spikes on the buds treated. No keiki was formed in all buds treated. In addition, treatment of the buds with 6000 ppm BA produced longer flower spikes as well as more open flowers. We conclude that the application of BA (minimal 3000 ppm) successfully induced flower spike of  hybrid Phalaenopsis.

Isolation and identification of tuliposides D and F from tulip cultivars

2020 ◽  
Vol 75 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 7-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taiji Nomura ◽  
Shinjiro Ogita ◽  
Yasuo Kato
Keyword(s):  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
High Performance ◽  
The Other ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Tulipa Gesneriana ◽  
Tissue Extracts ◽  
Spectroscopic Analyses ◽  
Hplc Peak

Abstract6-Tuliposides A (6-PosA) and B (6-PosB) are major defensive secondary metabolites in tulip cultivars (Tulipa gesneriana), having an acyl group at the C-6 position of d-glucose. Although some wild tulip species produce 1,6-diacyl-glucose type of Pos (PosD and PosF), as well as 6-PosA/B, they have not yet been isolated from tulip cultivars. Here, aiming at verifying the presence of PosD and PosF in tulip cultivars, tissue extracts of 25 cultivars were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Although no HPLC peaks for PosD nor PosF were detected in most cultivars, we found two cultivars giving a minute HPLC peak for PosD and the other two cultivars giving that for PosF. PosD and PosF were then purified from petals of cultivar ‘Orca’ and from pistils of cultivar ‘Murasakizuisho’, respectively, and their identities were verified by spectroscopic analyses. This is the first report that substantiates the presence of 1,6-diacyl-glucose type of Pos in tulip cultivars.

Soybean Tolerance to Metribuzin

Weed Science ◽  
1973 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 308-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. D. Coble ◽  
J. W. Schrader
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Glycine Max ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
The Other ◽  
Severe Injury ◽  
Simulated Rainfall ◽  
Planting Depth ◽  
Treatment Tolerance

Tolerance of greenhouse-grown soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) to preemergence applications of 4-amino-6-tert-butyl-3-(methylthio)-as-triazin-5(4H)one (metribuzin) was greatly influenced by herbicide rate, soil organic matter, and simulated rainfall after treatment. Planting depth affected tolerance in cases where effects of the other variables were marginal. Severe injury was observed with 1.1% soil organic matter except at the 0.56 kg/ha herbicide rate with no rainfall for 10 days after treatment. Tolerance increased with increasing soil organic matter to the point where no injury occurred at 16.8 or 40.0% organic matter, even at herbicide rates up to 1.68 kg/ha with 1.25 cm simulated rainfall immediately after treatment.

Application of treated wastewater for cultivation of carnations

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 457-460 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Petousi ◽  
N. Stavroulaki ◽  
M. Fountoulakis ◽  
M. Papadimitriou ◽  
E.I. Stentiford ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
The Other ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Potted Plants ◽  
Quality Water ◽  
Water Scarce ◽  
Micro Elements ◽  
Positive Effect

The reuse of domestic wastewater for irrigation of floriculture crops is a very promising option in water-scarce areas. On the other hand, there are concerns about the effect of that kind low-quality water on plant growth. The present work examined the effect of irrigation with several type of treated domestic wastewater on production of carnations. Potted plants were irrigated with primary treated, secondary treated and tertiary treated wastewater as well as with water and water with fertilizer. The results shown that carnations can be irrigated with treated wastewater as the growth and quality of plant is equal or better compared with water. Furthermore, it was found that nutrients and micro-elements contained in treated wastewater had as a result positive effect on characteristics of carnations.

Dormancy of apple embryos. Are starch and reserve protein changes related to dormancy breaking?

1984 ◽  
Vol 62 (11) ◽  
pp. 2308-2315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle Bouvier-Durand ◽  
Alina Dawidowicz-Grzegorzewska ◽  
Claudine Thévenot ◽  
Daniel Come
Keyword(s):  
Cold Treatment ◽  
Moderate Temperature ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cold Stratification ◽  
Dormancy Release ◽  
Dormancy Breaking ◽  
Germination Process ◽  
Embryo Dormancy ◽  
Reserve Protein ◽  
Apple Seeds

During cold stratification of apple seeds both dormancy removal and initiation of the germination process occur. To characterize these two processes and to dissociate them from each other, two different cold treatments were used. One of them (cold treatment within the fruits) excluded the germination process, the other corresponded to classical stratification. Control treatments at moderate temperature were also applied. Starch accumulated in the radicle during breaking of embryo dormancy by stratification, whereas it disappeared when dormancy was broken inside the fruits. The comparison of starch changes at 0 and at 20 °C also showed that these changes cannot be related to dormancy release. Moreover, no proteolysis occurred whether dormancy was broken or not. Proteolysis observed during stratification of the embryos seemed to be linked to their imbibition (the first step of the germination). These data refute previous observations on this problem; they demonstrate that neither starch variations nor reserve protein changes can be related to breaking of embryo dormancy.

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