scholarly journals GYPSUM AFFECTS AMERICAN GINSENG'S GROWTH, NUTRITION, AND GINSENOSIDES

HortScience ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 492C-492
Author(s):  
Jin Wook Lee ◽  
Kenneth W. Mudge
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Maple ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Calcium Content ◽  
American Ginseng ◽  
Agroforestry Systems ◽  
Panax Quinquefolium ◽  
Supplemental Calcium ◽  
High Calcium ◽  
Tissue Calcium

In the Northeast, wild American ginseng (Panax quinquefolium L.) is typically found growing in the dense shade provided by deciduous hardwood tree species such as a sugar maple, in slightly acidic soils with relatively high calcium content. Woods cultivated ginseng is often grown in forest farming agroforestry systems under similar conditions. Supplemental calcium by soil incorporation of gypsum (CaSO4·2H2O) is often recommended for woods cultivated ginseng. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of this practice on soil chemical properties, plant growth and quality of American ginseng. In a greenhouse pot culture experiment, 2-year-old seedlings were treated with 0, 2, 4, 8, or 16 Mt·ha–1 gypsum and grown for 12 weeks. Gypsum application decreased soil pH slightly, elevated soil electrical conductivity and increased available soil Ca and sulfate concentrations. Tissue calcium concentration was increased with by gypsum treatment, but shoot and root growth was reduced. HPLC analysis of root ginsenosides revealed that Re, Rb1, Rc, and Rb2, PT ginsenoside (sum of ginsenoside Rb1, Rc, Rb2, and Rd) and total ginsenoside concentration increased by gypsum soil amendment.

scholarly journals Gypsum Effect on Performance of American Ginseng

HortScience ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 860B-860
Author(s):  
Jin Wook Lee* ◽  
Kenneth W. Mudge ◽  
Wansang Lim ◽  
Joseph Lardner
Keyword(s):  
Dry Weight ◽  
American Ginseng ◽  
Panax Quinquefolium ◽  
Soil Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Soil Calcium ◽  
Land Owners ◽  
Supplemental Calcium ◽  
Pharmacologically Active

Woods cultivation of North American ginseng (Panax quinquefolium L.) can generate income for forest land owners and decrease collection pressure on wild populations of this increasingly scarce forest herb. For woods cultivation, supplemental calcium by soil application of gypsum (CaSO4 2H2 O) is often recommended, but the effects of this practice on soil characteristics, plant growth and quality of American ginseng are not well characterized. In a greenhouse pot culture experiment, 3-year-old seedlings were treated with 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4 Mt/ha gypsum and grown for 12 weeks. Gypsum application decreased soil pH slightly and elevated soil electrical conductivity and available soil calcium. Tissue levels of calcium were not affected by gypsum treatment but a significant increase in both shoot and root dry weight occurred. Total ginsenosides, which are the pharmacologically active components of ginseng, were increased slightly in roots but not in shoots of plants treated with 4 Mt/ha gypsum. Rb1, the most abundant ginsenoside in roots, was elevated in roots of plants treated with 3 Mt/ha gypsum. Ginsenoside Rg1 was elevated in shoots of plants treated with 2 Mt/ha gypsum. Regardless of gypsum treatment, qualitative differences (relative concentrations of different ginsenosides) between roots and shoots were observed.

CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF ORGANIC MATTER EXTRACTED FROM A NUMBER OF Ah HORIZONS BY A NUMBER OF METHODS

1972 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. F. DORMAAR
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Humic Substances ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Calcium Content ◽  
High Calcium ◽  
Phosphorous Content ◽  
Nitrogen Contents ◽  
Soluble Silicon ◽  
Low Nitrogen

The organic matter of eight Ah horizons, representing four soil Orders, was extracted and purified by a number of procedures, all designed to extract humic acid or high-molecular weight complexes. Organic carbon and total nitrogen contents of the air-dried soils were determined. The humic substances extracted from the soil were analyzed for carbon, nitrogen, total and carboxyl acidity, and ash and a number of its constituents. The nitrogen content and carboxyl acidity of the humic acids as well as the soluble silicon, calcium, and phosphorous content of the ash varied with the method used to extract the humic substances. The extraction of soil organic matter from Ah horizons by chelating resins merits pursuance. Often, high carboxyl acidities, as confirmed by infrared spectra, existed notwithstanding high ash contents. Other criteria, such as nitrogen content of the humic substances, may also have to be considered in this ash–carboxyl acidity relation. The materials extracted from the Lithic Regosol had relatively high calcium contents, low nitrogen and ash contents, and high calcium content of the ash, as compared with the other seven soils, regardless of method. With two methods total acidity was also high.

scholarly journals Fishbone Flour (Definition, Analysis of Quality Characteristics, Manufacture): A Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 18-24
Author(s):  
Adzhani Yusrina ◽  
Emma Rochima ◽  
Asep Agus Handaka ◽  
Iis Rostini
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Content ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Fish Bone ◽  
Quality Characteristics ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Fish Processing ◽  
Drying Time ◽  
Fish Bones ◽  
High Calcium

Fish bones are the largest contributor of waste from the fish processing industry which has not been used optimally. Fish bones have a high calcium content so they can be used as raw material for fish bone flour. This article aims to explain the use of fish bone into fish bone flour, how to process it, and the quality of fish bone flour by physicochemical testing. Fish bone flour can be obtained by extraction using water, alkaline solution and acid solution. The quality characteristics of bone flour can be seen from the water content, ash content, protein content and fat content. Based on several studies, the drying time and temperature affect the physicochemical characteristics of the resulting product.

scholarly journals JAJANAN SEHAT DAN KAYA KALSIUM UNTUK KELUARGA: SUBTITUSI TEPUNG BANDENG PRESTO SEBAGAI BAHAN KASTANGEL

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (01) ◽  
pp. 98-106
Author(s):  
Meddiati Fajri Putri ◽  
Cinta Amalia Kasih
Keyword(s):  
Sensory Quality ◽  
Preference Test ◽  
Calcium Content ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Nutritional Content ◽  
Laboratory Test Results ◽  
High Calcium ◽  
Processed Products

Ikan bandeng merupakan budidaya perikanan air payau di Indonesia. Ikan bandeng dapat diolah menjadi beraneka makanan olahan, seperti bandeng duri lunak, pepes bandeng, otak-otak bandeng, dan produk hasil olahan lainnya. Kandungan nutrisi bandeng duri lunak relatif tinggi untuk mencukupi kebutuhan gizi masyarakat dengan harga relatif terjangkau. Kandungan gizi pada tepung bandeng presto tersebut dijadikan subtitusi dalam pembuatan kastangel. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perbedaan kualitas kastangel subtitusi tepung bandeng presto, untuk mengetahui tingkat kesukaan masyarakat dan untuk mengetahui kandungan kalsium dan protein dengan prosentase 0%, 10%, 20%, dan 30% ditinjau dari aspek warna, aroma, aroma bandeng presto, dan tekstur.Tujuan penelitian ini adalah  untuk mengetahui kualitas kastangel hasil eksperimen ditinjau dari kualitas inderawi, tingkat kesukaan masyarakat serta kandungan protein dan kalsium. Metode penelitian yang digunakan analisis varian (Anava) one way, dan dilanjutkan uji Tukey apabila ada perbedaan kualitas inderawi pada produk, uji kesukaan menggunakan deskriptif prosentase untuk mengetahui tingkat kesukaan masyarakat, uji Laboratorium untuk mengetahui kandungan gizi  protein dan kalsium. Hasil penilitian menunjukan bahwa terdapat perbedaan kualitas inderawi pada indikator aroma bandeng presto dan tekstur dengan nilai signifikan kurang dari 0,05. hasil uji kesukaan Sampel yang disukai masyarakat 0%, 10% dan 20% dengan prosentase (55,75%, 55,25%, dan 52,9%). Hasil uji laboratorium kandungan kalsium dan protein Sampel kastangel subtitusi tepung bandeng presto 30% (13,83%,:5,42%), 20% (11,36%:3,66%), 10% (9,60%: 2,33%), 0% (8,26:0,49%).   Kata Kunci : Kastangel, Tinggi Kalsium, Tepung bandeng presto   Healthy and Calcium Rich Snacks for Family: Subtitution Flour Bandeng Presto as Composition of Kastangel Abstract Milkfish is brackish water aquaculture in Indonesia. Milkfish can be processed into a variety of processed foods, such as soft thorns, milkfish, milk brains, and other processed products. The nutrient content of soft thorns is relatively high to meet the nutritional needs of the people at relatively affordable prices. The nutritional content of presto milkfish flour is used as a substitution in the making of kastangel. The purpose of this study was to determine differences in the quality of presto milkfish substitution castor, to determine the level of community preference and to determine the content of calcium and protein with a percentage of 0%, 10%, 20%, and 30% in terms of aspects of color, aroma, milkfish aroma presto, and texture. The purpose of this research is to find out the quality of the castellated experimental results in terms of sensory quality, people's favorite level and protein and calcium content. The research method used is one way analysis of variance (ANAVA), and Tukey test is continued if there is a difference in the sensory quality of the product, the preference test uses descriptive percentages to determine the level of community preference, Laboratory tests to determine the nutritional content of protein and calcium. The results of the study indicate that there are differences in sensory quality on the presto milkfish aroma and texture indicators with a significant value less than 0.05. Preferred test results The samples favored by the community are 0%, 10% and 20% with percentages (55.75%, 55.25% and 52.9%). Laboratory test results of calcium and protein content Samples of castor substitution presto milkfish flour 30% (13.83%:5.42%), 20% (11.36%:3.66%), 10% (9.60%:2,33%), 0% (8.26:0.49%). Keywords: bandeng presto flour, high calcium, kastangel

Variasi Penambahan Tepung Daun Kelor (Moringa Oleifera Lam.) pada Pembuatan Flakes Ditinjau dari Sifat Fisik, Sifat Organoleptik dan Kadar Kalsium

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-35
Author(s):  
Frieda Rosita Majid ◽  
Nur Hidayat ◽  
Waluyo Waluyo
Keyword(s):  
Physical Characteristic ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Calcium Content ◽  
Organoleptic Characteristics ◽  
High Calcium ◽  
Randomized Experimental Design ◽  
Leaf Powder ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Tropics ◽  
Moringa Oleifera Lam

Background:Moringa (Moringaoleifera Lam.) Is a plant of high nutritional value, grows scattered in the tropics and sub-tropics, but utilization is still low. Each section has its benefits Moringa one part is the Moringa leaves contain a high calcium. In 100 grams of material, fresh Moringa leaves contain as much as 440 mg of calcium in the form of flour whereas if it contains as much as 2,003 mg of calcium. One of its use in the manufacture of flakes added. Objective: Know the difference physical harateristi, organoleptic characteristic and calcium levels in flakes variations addition of Moringa leaf powder. Methods: The study is a randomized experimental design with simple, includes four kinds of treatments, two replications with two experimental units. Observations of physical characteristic were analyzed by descriptive, the organoleptic characteristic of data analysis using statistical test Kruskal-Wallis continued Mann-Whitney and methods of test calcium content using permanganometri then the data were analyzed descriptive. Results: The physical characteristics of flakes greenish-yellow, slightly fragrant aroma typical of flakes, rather unpleasant taste typical of Moringa leaves and a slightly crunchy texture. Organoleptic characteristics the color of flakes with moringa leaf powder 5%, the aroma of the flakes without addition moringa leaf powder, the flavour of flakes with additions moringa leaf powder 5% and the texture of flakes with additions moringa leaf powder 7,5% most prefered panelist and high levels calcium of flakes with additions 10% moringa leaf powder. Conclusion: There is a difference variations addition of moringa leaf powder on physical, organoleptic characteristic (color) and the level of calcium flakes.Flakes with the addition of 5% moringa leaf powder is the most prefered panelist.   Keywords:Moringa Leaf Flour, Flakes, Physical characteristic, organoleptic, Calcium

’Propylene glycolate’ used as a top coat seal to protect thick juice from degradation in ellipsoidal storage tanks

2013 ◽  
pp. 215-218
Author(s):  
Robert O. Hatch ◽  
Craig M. Giles ◽  
Jay S. Creiglow ◽  
David R. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Propylene Glycol ◽  
Barrier Layer ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Polypropylene Glycol ◽  
Storage Tanks ◽  
First Results ◽  
Thick Juice

The use of sodium propylene glycol for thick juice storage was investigated at Spreckels Sugar Company, in Brawley, California (USA). Sodium-polypropylene glycol has a density of 1.07 and does not mix with thick juice. Therefore it is suitable as a barrier layer. Chemical properties of propylene glycol, and the deposition on the top of thick juice are described. First results of the last campaign are compared with data from previous years. A significantly lower tendency in the reduction of the quality of the thick juice was found.

scholarly journals Syngas Quality as a Key Factor in the Design of an Energy-Efficient Pyrolysis Plant for Scrap Tyres

Proceedings ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (23) ◽  
pp. 1455 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dina Czajczyńska ◽  
Renata Krzyżyńska ◽  
Hussam Jouhara
Keyword(s):  
Energy Demand ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Industrial Emissions ◽  
Whole Process ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Industrial Emissions Directive ◽  
Pyrolytic Oil ◽  
Quality Of Products

In 2016 4.94 million tonnes of tyres were produced. Each tyre eventually become waste and pyrolysis has been considered an effective way of utilizing scrap tyres for several decades. However, pyrolysis has failed many times because the process has a great energy demand and the quality of products is unstable or insufficient for commercial use. Usually plants are focused on the production of pyrolytic oil or char and the gaseous phase is only a by-product. In this paper the importance of composition and quality of pyrolytic gas is emphasized. The main chemical properties make this gas a valuable biofuel that may satisfy energy requirements of the whole process (except for the start-up phase). Available data from literature concerning composition and other features of the pyrolytic gas from scrap tyres obtained at temperatures up to 1000 °C are compared with experimental results. The quality of evolved gases is discussed in the context of the Industrial Emissions Directive (IED), too. Finally, an analysis of the mass balances obtained allows a decision about the business profile and profitability.

Monitoring of Fluctuations in the Physical and Chemical Properties of a High-Calcium Fly Ash

1987 ◽  
Vol 113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott Schlorholtz ◽  
Ken Bergeson ◽  
Turgut Demirel
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Morphological Studies ◽  
High Calcium ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

ABSTRACTThe physical and chemical properties of fly ash produced at Ottumwa Generating Station have been monitored since April, 1985. The fly ash is produced from burning a low sulfur, sub-bituminous coal obtained from the Powder River Basin near Gillette, Wyoming. One-hundred and sixty samples of fly ash were obtained during the two year period. All of the samples were subjected to physical testing as specified by ASTM C 311. About one-hundred of the samples were also subjected to a series of tests designed to monitor the self-cementing properties of the fly ash. Many of the fly ash samples were subjected to x-ray diffraction and fluorescence analysis to define the mineralogical and chemical composition of the bulk fly ash as a function of sampling date. Hydration products in selected hardened fly ash pastes, were studied by x-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. The studies indicated that power plant operating conditions influenced the compressive strength of the fly ash paste specimens. Mineralogical and morphological studies of the fly ash pastes indicated that stratlingite formation occurred in the highstrength specimens, while ettringite was the major hydration product evident in the low-strength specimens.

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