scholarly journals Lettuce (Lactuca sativa) Production in Northern Latitudinal Aquaponic Growing Conditions

HortScience ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (10) ◽  
pp. 1757-1761 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie Abbey ◽  
Neil O. Anderson ◽  
Chengyan Yue ◽  
Michele Schermann ◽  
Nicholas Phelps ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Yellow Perch ◽  
Controlled Environment ◽  
Average Yield ◽  
Production Methods ◽  
Consumer Benefits ◽  
Traditional Production ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
Supplemental Nutrients ◽  
Field Production ◽  
Commercial Field

Aquaponics, the combination of hydroponics and aquaculture into one growing system, is a controlled environment production system that potentially has increased environmental and consumer benefits over traditional production methods. There are many different ways to configure aquaponics systems that include different fish species, water circulation, lighting, plant species/density, and more. We tested three cultivars of lettuce, a common aquaponically produced crop, for yield in multiple aquaponic systems and conditions over a 13-month period in Minnesota. Four different aquaponic configurations and four types of fish were tested over the course of the experiment. There was no addition of supplemental nutrients to the systems to evaluate the differences between treatments and set a baseline. There was no difference in yield between lettuce produced aquaponically and those grown in soilless medium. However, there was a difference in yield between lettuce grown with different fish treatments. The tilapia treatment produced higher average yield than yellow perch. There was a difference between cultivars, with higher average yield from loose-leaf bunch cultivars (Salanova, Skyphos) than the bibb type (Rex). Average yield for all but one treatment was above that of reported commercial field production, making lettuce a competitive aquaponic crop in most systems.

Plot size matters: interference from intergenotypic competition in plant phenotyping studies

2014 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Greg J. Rebetzke ◽  
Ralph (Tony) A. Fischer ◽  
Anthony F. van Herwaarden ◽  
Dave G. Bonnett ◽  
Karine Chenu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Complex Traits ◽  
Plant Phenotyping ◽  
Controlled Environment ◽  
Canopy Development ◽  
Plot Size ◽  
Field Assessment ◽  
Intergenotypic Competition ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
Competition For Resources ◽  
Commercial Field

Genetic and physiological studies often comprise genotypes diverse in vigour, size and flowering time. This can make the phenotyping of complex traits challenging, particularly those associated with canopy development, biomass and yield, as the environment of one genotype can be influenced by a neighbouring genotype. Limited seed and space may encourage field assessment in single, spaced rows or in small, unbordered plots, whereas the convenience of a controlled environment or greenhouse makes pot studies tempting. However, the relevance of such growing conditions to commercial field-grown crops is unclear and often doubtful. Competition for water, light and nutrients necessary for canopy growth will be variable where immediate neighbours are genetically different, particularly under stress conditions, where competition for resources and influence on productivity is greatest. Small hills and rod-rows maximise the potential for intergenotypic competition that is not relevant to a crop’s performance in monocultures. Response to resource availability will typically vary among diverse genotypes to alter genotype ranking and reduce heritability for all growth-related traits, with the possible exception of harvest index. Validation of pot experiments to performance in canopies in the field is essential, whereas the planting of multirow plots and the simple exclusion of plot borders at harvest will increase experimental precision and confidence in genotype performance in target environments.

scholarly journals Bioactive Compounds, Antioxidant Activity and Growth Behavior in Lettuce Cultivars Grown under Field and Greenhouse Conditions

Proceedings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 52
Author(s):  
Melisa Lanza Volpe ◽  
Verónica C. Soto Vargas ◽  
Anabel Morón ◽  
Roxana E. González
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Growth Behavior ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Spectrophotometric Methods ◽  
Leafy Greens ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
Field Production

Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) is one of the most important leafy greens worldwide. The nutritional value of its edible leaf depends on different factors including type and growing conditions. The aim was to determine the bioactive compounds content, antioxidant activity and growth behavior of twenty-two lettuce genotypes, cultivated under field and greenhouse conditions. Total phenolic compound, chlorophylls, carotenoids, anthocyanin contents and antioxidant activities were analyzed by spectrophotometric methods. Data were analyzed by analysis of variance (ANOVA). Significant differences between bioactive compounds, antioxidant activity and growth behavior were found among cultivars and morphological types, for both growth conditions. Carotenoid and chlorophyll content was higher in greenhouse conditions for all genotypes. In field production, butterhead and iceberg lettuces showed lower content of these bioactive compounds. The red-pigmented Falbala cultivar from field production showed the highest level of polyphenols and anthocyanin. Meanwhile, in greenhouse conditions, the oak leaf cultivar Grenadine displayed the highest concentration of these phenolic compounds. The iceberg type lettuce showed the lowest percentages of antioxidant activity in both environments. The results showed the effect of growing conditions and the high variability in lettuce bioactive compounds content and antioxidant activity among the different types.

Transfer of aflatoxin M1 from milk to ripened cheese in three Italian traditional production methods

Food Control ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 174-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Cavallarin ◽  
Sara Antoniazzi ◽  
Daniele Giaccone ◽  
Ernesto Tabacco ◽  
Giorgio Borreani
Keyword(s):  
Aflatoxin M1 ◽  
Production Methods ◽  
Traditional Production

Conservation of the traditional water mills in the Mediterranean Region of Turkey

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 287-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gülferah Çorapçıoğlu
Keyword(s):  
Structural Damage ◽  
Mediterranean Region ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Original Function ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Production Methods ◽  
Restoration Techniques ◽  
Traditional Production ◽  
Water Mill

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to ensure the preservation and sustainability of traditional water mills in Turkey with their original function and to allow these water mills to become heritage for future generations. Design/methodology/approach The study is the original examination of one sample water mill to be conserved, that is chosen from 11 water mills that were determined after the investigation of water mills in of Antalya, in Mediterranean Region. A preliminary study was first performed using the external observation method on 11 horizontal wheel water mills. The water mills to be accorded the highest priority with regards to conservation were selected based on their characteristics. Restoration techniques were then proposed to ensure the sustainability of the traditional production systems while retaining their original function. Findings The decision of water mill with the highest priority of conservation is based on the analysis of “structural damage,” “all seasons accessibility” and “supporting environmental factors.” This water mill was used primarily for grain production and is located on the Doyran River in Antalya. Current circumstance of the sample mill is analyzed, restoration techniques for the purpose of conservation and creation of recreational sites and that enable the presentation of traditional production methods are suggested. Social implications This paper includes implications for the contribution to the region’s cultural identity by developing the region’s infrastructure for cultural and ecological tourism and by ensuring the continuation of traditional production methods and craftsmanship. Originality/value This paper brings a new approach to the identification of water mills and the decision of the water mills to be conserved as a result of field studies.

scholarly journals Basic principles of organic goat farming

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-91
Author(s):  
Milivoje Urošević ◽  
Ersoy Nilda ◽  
Petar Stojić ◽  
Darko Drobnjak
Keyword(s):  
Production Method ◽  
Organic Production ◽  
Biological Production ◽  
Production Methods ◽  
Synthetic Drugs ◽  
Natural Processes ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
Accredited Institutions ◽  
Classical Means ◽  
Goat Farming

Organic farming, as an ecologically acceptable production method based on natural processes and the use of organic and natural materials, is becoming increasingly popular in Serbia. In addition to “organic”, this type of production is also commonly called “ecological” or “biological”. The objectives of organic agriculture are to maintain and increase fertility of the land, suppress land erosion, conserve biodiversity, protect natural resources from pollution and produce foods of high nutritional value. In organizing organic livestock production, priority is given to native (indigenous) breeds adapted to local growing conditions and resistant to diseases. Organic production, which is an integral part of the sustainable agriculture system, does not permit the use of protective and nutraceuticals of synthetic chemical origin and synthetic drugs, growth regulators, hormones and GMOs. Despite the common, classical means of goat farming, in recent years there has been increasing interest to change typical farming methods to introduce “Bio” systems, i.e. biologically clean farming methods. Such production methods result in products free of the chemicals that are common in numerous substances used in common production methods. Animal welfare is always a high priority in organic production. Primarily, animals should be provided with conditions for growth and development that are in compliance with their genetic potential. This implies respecting their physiological and ecological needs, and ensuring conditions to express their natural functions and behaviour. In order to start and later organize such production, certain conditions must be met. The appropriate, accredited institutions are responsible for ensuring that the required conditions are met and that production is in line with the principles of biological production. Holdings meeting the requirements of biological production receive the appropriate certificate. Today organic production in the EU is regulated by the EEC Directive 2092/91, and its amendments.

scholarly journals Insect and Mite Management Suggestions for Commercial, Field-grown Statice Production

EDIS ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
James F. Price ◽  
Curtis Nagle ◽  
Elzie McCord, Jr.
Keyword(s):  
Fact Sheet ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Field Production ◽  
Commercial Field

Revised! ENY-310, a 30-page fact sheet by James F. Price, Curtis Nagle, and Elzie McCord, Jr., provides a guide to facilitate selection of pesticides for field production of this winter flower crop in Florida. Published by the UF Department of Entomology and Nematology, December 2008.

scholarly journals Organic Production of Angelica

HortScience ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 906A-906
Author(s):  
Nicolas Tremblay ◽  
Lucette LaFlamme ◽  
André Gosselin
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Sequential Sampling ◽  
Organic Production ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Active Ingredients ◽  
Production Methods ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Angelica Archangelica ◽  
Yield Quality ◽  
Growing Conditions

Angelica (Angelica archangelica) is a tall biennial grown for its root-bound active ingredients. A research was conducted to adapt conventional angelica production methods to organic principles and nordic growing conditions. Seeds should be stratified for 7 to 8 weeks before sowing and transplant production done in multicellular trays filled with compost-peat media and supplemented with organic soluble fertilization. A sequential sampling program was conducted to better-understand the dry matter and active ingredients accumulation patterns over the growing seasons. In light of these results, the recommended production schedule consists of a fall planting and a harvest the following fall. In this manner, both dry matter yield and active ingredient concentration in the root are improved. Root yields increase linearly with planting densities up to 111,111 plants/ha. After 5 years of research, most of the limiting factors have been studied and the problems solved. Our research clearly shows how much yield, quality, and profitability of a newly introduced crop can be improved when a comprehensive research program is implemented.

scholarly journals Formulation and preclinical evaluation of Anti-inflammatory activity of Triticum aestivum

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 65-69
Author(s):  
Sai Krishna Priya Dasari ◽  
Pallavi Vadlamudi ◽  
Rama Rao Nadendla
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Wheat Plant ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Production Methods ◽  
Mineral Supplements ◽  
Rat Paw Edema ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
Rat Paw

A wide scope of medical advantages has been credited to wheatgrass, the young grass of the wheat plant Tritium aestivum. Wheat grass is a decent wellspring of mineral supplements. It contains critical measures of iron, phosphorous, magnesium, manganese, copper and zinc. Wheatgrass is a rich supplement of tocopherols with high vitamin E content. Wheatgrass is beneficial in restoring more infections due to its significant function that, it can arrest the development of antagonistic microbes which are responsible for spreading certain diseases. constituents of wheatgrass may be obtained from fresh juice, frozen juice, powder, tablets with compositions differing as per their production methods which otherwise depends on growing conditions of wheatgrass. Anti-inflammatory activity of wheatgrass tablets was assessed by using formalin induced rat paw edema model. The results obtained were compared with aceclofenac, standard drug. Keywords: Triticum aestivum, Flaxseed gel, Anti-inflammatory, Aceclofenac, Formalin.

scholarly journals (295) Measuring and Reporting Growing Conditions in Controlled Environments

HortScience ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 1009B-1009
Author(s):  
Marc W. van Iersel
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Working Group ◽  
International Committee ◽  
Controlled Environment ◽  
The North ◽  
Controlled Environments ◽  
Air Speed ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
Replication Of Experiments

Do you accurately measure and report the growing conditions of your controlled environment experiments? Conditions in controlled environment plant growth rooms and chambers should be reported in detail. This is important to allow replication of experiments on plants, to compare results among facilities, and to avoid artefacts due to uncontrolled variables. The International Committee for Controlled Environment Guidelines, with representatives from the U.K. Controlled Environment Users' Group, the North American Committee on Controlled Environment Technology and Use (NCR-101), and Australasian Controlled Environment Working Group (ACEWG), has developed guidlines to report environmental conditions in controlled environment experiments. These guidelines include measurements of light, temperature, humidity, CO2, air speed, and fertility. A brochure with these guidelines and a sample paragraph on how to include this information in a manuscript will be available.

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