scholarly journals Basic principles of organic goat farming

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-91
Author(s):  
Milivoje Urošević ◽  
Ersoy Nilda ◽  
Petar Stojić ◽  
Darko Drobnjak
Keyword(s):  
Production Method ◽  
Organic Production ◽  
Biological Production ◽  
Production Methods ◽  
Synthetic Drugs ◽  
Natural Processes ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
Accredited Institutions ◽  
Classical Means ◽  
Goat Farming

Organic farming, as an ecologically acceptable production method based on natural processes and the use of organic and natural materials, is becoming increasingly popular in Serbia. In addition to “organic”, this type of production is also commonly called “ecological” or “biological”. The objectives of organic agriculture are to maintain and increase fertility of the land, suppress land erosion, conserve biodiversity, protect natural resources from pollution and produce foods of high nutritional value. In organizing organic livestock production, priority is given to native (indigenous) breeds adapted to local growing conditions and resistant to diseases. Organic production, which is an integral part of the sustainable agriculture system, does not permit the use of protective and nutraceuticals of synthetic chemical origin and synthetic drugs, growth regulators, hormones and GMOs. Despite the common, classical means of goat farming, in recent years there has been increasing interest to change typical farming methods to introduce “Bio” systems, i.e. biologically clean farming methods. Such production methods result in products free of the chemicals that are common in numerous substances used in common production methods. Animal welfare is always a high priority in organic production. Primarily, animals should be provided with conditions for growth and development that are in compliance with their genetic potential. This implies respecting their physiological and ecological needs, and ensuring conditions to express their natural functions and behaviour. In order to start and later organize such production, certain conditions must be met. The appropriate, accredited institutions are responsible for ensuring that the required conditions are met and that production is in line with the principles of biological production. Holdings meeting the requirements of biological production receive the appropriate certificate. Today organic production in the EU is regulated by the EEC Directive 2092/91, and its amendments.

scholarly journals Organik ve Konvansiyonel Üzüm Yetiştiriciliği Yöntemlerinin Asmadaki Bitki Besin Maddesi İçeriklerine Etkisi

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 464
Author(s):  
Fadime Ateş ◽  
Bülent Yağmur ◽  
Çiğdem Takma
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Blade ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Production Method ◽  
Mineral Elements ◽  
Organic Production ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Grape Variety ◽  
Production Methods ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design

The research was established in 15 years old Sultana vineyard under irrigable soil conditions in Alaşehir-Yeşilyurt Viticulture Research Institute during organic production phase from 2006 to 2007. This study was conducted to find out the effects of organic and conventional of mineral elements (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn, and Mn) of lamina and petiole leaf at Alaşehir, Manisa, which is of a potential important in the production of Sultani Çekirdeksiz grape variety. In the experiment which was carried out in the randomized complete block design with three replications, organic and conventional grape growing were performed. As a result of the research, comparing the conventional and organic grape production methods in terms of the nutrient content of Sultani Çekirdeksiz grape variety, it was determined that the nutrient content in leaf blade and petiole of grapevine in the organic production method has higher values than the conventional method.

scholarly journals Organic Production of Angelica

HortScience ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 906A-906
Author(s):  
Nicolas Tremblay ◽  
Lucette LaFlamme ◽  
André Gosselin
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Sequential Sampling ◽  
Organic Production ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Active Ingredients ◽  
Production Methods ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Angelica Archangelica ◽  
Yield Quality ◽  
Growing Conditions

Angelica (Angelica archangelica) is a tall biennial grown for its root-bound active ingredients. A research was conducted to adapt conventional angelica production methods to organic principles and nordic growing conditions. Seeds should be stratified for 7 to 8 weeks before sowing and transplant production done in multicellular trays filled with compost-peat media and supplemented with organic soluble fertilization. A sequential sampling program was conducted to better-understand the dry matter and active ingredients accumulation patterns over the growing seasons. In light of these results, the recommended production schedule consists of a fall planting and a harvest the following fall. In this manner, both dry matter yield and active ingredient concentration in the root are improved. Root yields increase linearly with planting densities up to 111,111 plants/ha. After 5 years of research, most of the limiting factors have been studied and the problems solved. Our research clearly shows how much yield, quality, and profitability of a newly introduced crop can be improved when a comprehensive research program is implemented.

scholarly journals Conventional and Organic Honeys as a Source of Water- and Ethanol Soluble Molecules with Nutritional and Antioxidant Characteristics

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (12) ◽  
pp. 3746
Author(s):  
Magdalena Polak-Śliwińska ◽  
Małgorzata Tańska
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Production Method ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Organic Production ◽  
Organoleptic Characteristics ◽  
Nutritional Characteristics ◽  
The Impact

The benefits of natural honeybee products (e.g., honey, royal jelly, beeswax, propolis, beevenom and pollen) to the immune system are remarkable, and many of them are involved in the induction of antibody production, maturation of immune cells and stimulation of the immune system. The type of plants in the geographical area, climatic conditions and production method have a significantly influence on the nutritional quality of honey. However, this variability can influence consumer liking by the sensory attributes of the product. The aim of this work was to compare the most popular honeys from Poland in terms of nutritional value, organoleptic properties and antioxidant activity. In the study, five varieties of honey (honeydew, forest, buckwheat, linden and dandelion) from conventional and organic production methods were tested. The nutritional characteristics of honey samples included acidity, content of water, sugars, vitamin C, HMF and phenolics (total and flavonoids), while honey color, taste, aroma and consistency were investigated in the organoleptic characteristics. The antioxidant activity was determined in water- and ethanol-soluble honey extracts using DPPH and ORAC tests. The results showed that organoleptic and nutritional characteristics of popular Polish honeys differ significantly in relation to plant source and production method. The significant effect of honey variety on the content of HMF, saccharose and phenolics, as well as acidity and antioxidant capacity were noted. The impact of variety and variety × production method interaction was significant in the case of the content of vitamin C, glucose and fructose. A visible difference of buckwheat and forest honeys from other samples was observed. The highest content of total phenolics with antioxidant activity based on the SET mechanism was found in buckwheat honeys, while forest honeys were richer in flavonoids.

scholarly journals The Effects of Consideration of Future and Immediate Consequences on Willingness to Pay for Eco-Friendly Plant Attributes

2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 64-70
Author(s):  
Hayk Khachatryan ◽  
Chengyan Yue ◽  
Ben Campbell ◽  
Bridget Behe ◽  
Charlie Hall
Keyword(s):  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Production Method ◽  
Price Premium ◽  
Production Methods ◽  
Consideration Of Future Consequences ◽  
Plant Attributes ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Future Consequences ◽  
The U.S

We investigated how differences in the consideration of future consequences (CFC) influence consumers' willingness to pay for edible and ornamental plants using data from plant auction experiments conducted in the U.S. and Canada. Specifically, the study focused on individuals' preferences for plant attributes related to production method, container type, and product origin. Individuals assigning higher importance to future consequences of their current decisions were willing to pay a price premium for plants grown using sustainable (16.7 cents) and energy-saving (16.5 cents) production methods, non-conventional containers such as compostable (18.2 cents) and plantable (14.3 cents), and locally produced plants (15.3 cents), and they expected a discount (37.8 cents) to purchase imported plants (i.e., produced outside the U.S.). In contrast, individuals assigning higher importance to immediate outcomes of their decisions were not willing to pay a price premium for the above mentioned attributes, with the exception of water-saving and compostable ones. The results contribute to our understanding of the effects of temporal considerations on choice decision making by horticultural consumers, and provide horticultural marketers with an opportunity to effectively position products that provide long- or short-term benefits.

Nanogold-based materials in medicine: from their origins to their future

Nanomedicine ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tânia Ferreira-Gonçalves ◽  
David Ferreira ◽  
Hugo A Ferreira ◽  
Catarina P Reis
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Optical Properties ◽  
Potential Application ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Production Method ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Production Methods ◽  
Research Fields

The properties of gold-based materials have been explored for centuries in several research fields, including medicine. Multiple published production methods for gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have shown that the physicochemical and optical properties of AuNPs depend on the production method used. These different AuNP properties have allowed exploration of their usefulness in countless distinct biomedical applications over the last few years. Here we present an extensive overview of the most commonly used AuNP production methods, the resulting distinct properties of the AuNPs and the potential application of these AuNPs in diagnostic and therapeutic approaches in biomedicine.

Sustainable Design for a Functional Reeducation of Senior Citizens About the Basic Activities of Daily Living

2021 ◽  
pp. 228-242
Author(s):  
Omar Eduardo Omar Sánchez Estrada
Keyword(s):  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Creative Process ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Sustainable Design ◽  
Senior Citizens ◽  
Production Method ◽  
Natural Processes ◽  
Technical Specifications ◽  
Product Interaction ◽  
The Relationship

Developing useful objects for a functional reeducation of senior citizens persons about the basic activities of daily living must be conceptualized considering theories, techniques, and approaches in methodology, based on ecologically bearable structures, economically viable, and socially equitable. Consequently, the present chapter has the objective to state the criteria and strategies of a sustainable design, from a detailed study of applicability of 1) user-product interaction, observation, understanding, dimensional relationship, and evaluation; 2) creative process, identification, ideation, definition, prototypes, evaluation, and structuration; 3) technical specifications, structure, sustainability, ergonomics, aesthetics, and evaluation; 4) manufacture method, sustainability, production method, life cycle, capital assets, official norms, and optimization. A contextual and conceptual analysis is proposed for the beginning, development, and conclusion of the projects so as to reestablish the relationship between natural processes and human activity.

The Influence of Elevated Temperature in Creep Relaxation of Various PTFE Gaskets Production Methods

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana C. Silva ◽  
Florian Werner ◽  
Lucas Xavier
Keyword(s):  
Manufacturing Process ◽  
Mechanical Characteristics ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Impact Resistance ◽  
Relaxation Property ◽  
Production Method ◽  
Low Friction ◽  
Production Methods ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Different Types

Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) products have been widely used for industrial sealing applications due to their outstanding chemical resistance as well as their electrical, anti-stick, impact resistance and low friction properties. Diverse PTFE flat gaskets production methods are available in the industry, which include the combination of a selected Resin Type and a determined manufacturing process, being able to provide a wide range of several types of PTFE gaskets, with different mechanical characteristics. The production method has significant impact on the mechanical properties of the PTFE gaskets, especially the creep relaxation property at elevated temperatures. Therefore, the gasket behavior at high temperatures and, consequently, the bolted flanged joint (BFJ) performance, directly depends on both selected Resin Type and gasket manufacturing process. One of the most used PTFE gasket types is produced from multiaxially expanded PTFE sheets. As it is known, different types of stretching, among other factors, confer to the gasket particular mechanical characteristics. This type of gasket exhibits a very low gasket seating stress, and it is the preferred type for most low bolt load flanges. This paper presents a study of the creep relaxation property at room and elevated temperatures of expanded PTFE gaskets manufactured by different Resin Types and processes of expanding PTFE materials. Experimental results are presented comparing EN 13555 [1] Qsmax, PQR and ΔeGc parameters of the produced PTFE gaskets.

Factors affecting consumer preferences for “natural wine”

2020 ◽  
Vol 122 (8) ◽  
pp. 2463-2479 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppina Migliore ◽  
Alkis Thrassou ◽  
Maria Crescimanno ◽  
Giorgio Schifani ◽  
Antonino Galati
Keyword(s):  
Consumer Preferences ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Production Method ◽  
Quality Attributes ◽  
Organic Production ◽  
Tobit Regression ◽  
Wine Quality ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Premium Price

PurposeThe aim of this study is to understand which wine quality characteristics, consumers' attitudes and socio-demographic characteristics affect the consumers' willingness to pay (WTP) a premium price for a bottle of natural wine.Design/methodology/approachThe research is experimental and investigated the purchasing intentions of 613 Italian wine consumers within a hypothetical setting. In order to elicit WTP for natural wine, a multiple price list (MPL) in a comparison with one bottle of conventional wine, with an average price of €5 was adopted. To understand which quality attributes of wine affect the consumers' WTP for natural wine, a Tobit regression model was implemented.FindingsThe findings reveal that drink frequency and occasion, organic production method, the content of sulfites, income and the attitudes towards healthy eating and the environment are positively associated with a higher WTP for natural wine.Research limitations/implicationsThe main limitation of this study is related to both the convenient sample and the limited geographical area. However, identifying which quality attributes of natural wine are most appreciated by consumers and which attitudes affect this behaviour is fundamental in order to develop successful marketing strategies for product development and the design of advertising and communication campaigns.Originality/valueThis study is one of the first to analyse the consumer behaviour towards natural wines contributing to enrich that part of the economic literature which states that consumers have a positive attitude towards sustainable wines.

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of Energy and Exergy Performance of Hydrogen Production Methods

Entropy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (11) ◽  
pp. 1286
Author(s):  
Angel Martínez-Rodríguez ◽  
Alberto Abánades
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Reference Conditions ◽  
Production Method ◽  
Hydrogen Economy ◽  
Production Methods ◽  
World Energy ◽  
Energy And Exergy ◽  
Exergy Performance ◽  
The Impact

The study of the viability of hydrogen production as a sustainable energy source is a current challenge, to satisfy the great world energy demand. There are several techniques to produce hydrogen, either mature or under development. The election of the hydrogen production method will have a high impact on practical sustainability of the hydrogen economy. An important profile for the viability of a process is the calculation of energy and exergy efficiencies, as well as their overall integration into the circular economy. To carry out theoretical energy and exergy analyses we have estimated proposed hydrogen production using different software (DWSIM and MATLAB) and reference conditions. The analysis consolidates methane reforming or auto-thermal reforming as the viable technologies at the present state of the art, with reasonable energy and exergy efficiencies, but pending on the impact of environmental constraints as CO2 emission countermeasures. However, natural gas or electrolysis show very promising results, and should be advanced in their technological and maturity scaling. Electrolysis shows a very good exergy efficiency due to the fact that electricity itself is a high exergy source. Pyrolysis exergy loses are mostly in the form of solid carbon material, which has a very high integration potential into the hydrogen economy.

Blissed ignorance?

2014 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 345-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gianluca Stefani ◽  
Alessio Cavicchi ◽  
Donato Romano
Keyword(s):  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Production Method ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Communication Strategy ◽  
Experimental Auctions ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Production Methods ◽  
The Impact ◽  
First Time

Purpose – The purpose of this study was to explore the impact of information on origin, “typicalness”, production method and flavour on the willingness to pay and the sensorial appreciation of Tuscan sanguinaccio (Italian Salami). Design/methodology/approach – The goal of the study was to explore how differences between willingness to pay and sensorial appreciation (measured using a hedonic score) for the three types are influenced by the nature of the sensorial and non-sensorial information available to the consumer. To evaluate reaction to sensorial information, typical information regimes used in works on degree of disconfirmation (Schifferstein, 2001) were adopted, that is, visual examination of the product with indication of the name and tasting of the labelled product. Findings – Analysis of the results of the experiments indicates that Mallegato and Biroldo have particular characteristics that make it critical to promote them to a vast public. The information on the production methods and ingredients seemed to interact negatively with the sensorial perception of the product after tasting, probably because of the presence of blood and other problematic components (for example, components of the pig head in Biroldo) among the ingredients. Research limitations/implications – Limited size of the sample and a gastronomic niche product analyzed. Practical implications – The negative influence of the processed information has to be considered to efficiently communicate the typicalness of these salami products. In fact, whilst for other traditional products, different kinds of information related to process, raw materials, recipes and, more generally, tradition can be jointly used to increase the arousal and the expectation on products quality characteristics, in this case, the communication strategy has to carefully consider the limit of these product components. Originality/value – For the first time the use of experimental auctions investigate the role of problematic information, such as the presence of blood, on consumers’ preference towards a typical gastronomic product.

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