scholarly journals Adsorption, Mobility, and Filtration of Metolachlor in Container Media

1996 ◽  
Vol 121 (3) ◽  
pp. 478-482 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy L. Grey ◽  
Glenn R. Wehtje ◽  
Ben F. Hajek ◽  
Charles H. Gilliam ◽  
Gary J. Keever ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Pine Bark ◽  
Organic Media ◽  
Equilibration Time ◽  
Initial Pulse ◽  
Media Type ◽  
Freundlich Equation ◽  
Exposure Experiment ◽  
The Media ◽  
Glass Columns

Adsorption, mobility, and filtration ability of organic media toward metolachlor were evaluated in a series of laboratory experiments. Experimental variables included media type, metolachlor concentration, and equilibration time. Adsorption isotherms were determined by applying the log form of the Freundlich equation. Mobility was evaluated using glass columns filled with media, which were then surface spiked with metolachlor and then leached daily for 10 consecutive days. Peat, pine bark, combinations of these two media and a mixture of pine bark and sand adsorbed >90% of the 14C metolachlor. Freundlich sorption coefficients were 10.9, 18.2, 13.4, 14.2, and 11.0 for pine bark, peat, 5 pine bark: 1 peat, 3 pine bark: 1 peat, and 5 pine bark: 1 sand, respectively. In a timed exposure experiment using bark, minimum metolachlor adsorption (57%) was at 90 seconds and maximum adsorption (82%) required at least 1440 minutes. In column leaching studies, data for all media indicate that metolachlor is relatively immobile through these substrates. An initial pulse of metolachlor (<1.0 μg·liter-1) was detected with each medium up to the third wetting event with a subsequent decline (>0.5 μg·liter-1 for each medium) in the metolachlor recovered. Filtration efficiency of commercially formulated metolachlor from water passed through different lengths of pine bark filled filters was 0%, 17%, 20%, 22%, 23%, and 29% for filters 4, 20, 12, 8, 16, and 24 cm in length, respectively. These results support the contention that such filtration would be effective provided the residence time of water within the filter was sufficient for adsorption of the contaminant by the media to occur.

scholarly journals Timed Release of Flurprimidol from a Granular Formulation in Mulches and Sand

HortScience ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 512-515
Author(s):  
Timothy L. Grey ◽  
Mark Czarnota ◽  
Thomas Potter ◽  
B. Todd Bunnell
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth Regulator ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Pine Bark ◽  
Organic Media ◽  
Initial Pulse ◽  
Sand Soil ◽  
Once Daily ◽  
Media Type ◽  
Wood Bark ◽  
Over Time

Flurprimidol is a plant growth regulator that can be applied as a granular formulation. Understanding flurprimidol release from a granular formulation and movement in various mediums will impact how it is used. Dissipation of flurprimidol from a granular formulation and movement through organic media and sand were evaluated in a greenhouse and laboratory experiment. Experimental variables included media type, depth, and irrigation event. Dissipation isotherms were determined by applying nonlinear regression. Mobility was evaluated using columns filled with media, which was surface-spiked with the granular formulation and then irrigated once daily for 22 consecutive days. Leachate was collected and analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography–mass spectroscopy. Half-life (DT50), defined as time to 50% reduction, varied among sand, media, and media depth. Flurprimidol dissipation was rapid through sand with DT50 of 6 days. DT50 increased with increasing media depth from 5 to 10 cm for pine bark plus sand, 18 and 35 days, and hardwood bark plus sand, 77 and 173 days, respectively. Maximum flurprimidol leaching was a cumulative 71% of applied amounts over 22 irrigation events through the sand. Hardwood and pine bark media allowed less than 25% of flurprimidol to escape through the column. Data for all media indicated that flurprimidol was mobile through the substrates but exhibited hysteresis with pine bark and hard wood bark media. An initial pulse of flurprimidol will release slowly from this formulation over time. These results indicate that flurprimidol will dissipate from a granular formulation over time and that it will have movement through sand soil and pine bark and hardwood bark media to reach the roots of growing plants.

The Principles of Layout and How Those Apply to Digital Electronic Book Publication

DeKaVe ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yusuf Hendra Yulianto
Keyword(s):  
Print Media ◽  
Electronic Media ◽  
Web Pages ◽  
Electronic Book ◽  
Electronic Books ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Design Elements ◽  
Media Type ◽  
The Media ◽  
Book Publication

When designing a layout, the designer must be aware of fundamental principles so as to make the design structured and consistent. When planning layout, a designer cannot be random and must consider essential factors, such as the media type, the readers, the design elements and so on. Electronic media, like web pages and electronic books, is a newer media than the print media, and is different in several aspects. Yet, the basic principles of the design are still identical. A solid layout is a great tool in communicating messages visually.

Modelling of Solute Transfer to Surface Runoff

1992 ◽  
Vol 26 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 1851-1856 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. Lai ◽  
K. S. L. Lo
Keyword(s):  
Potassium Chloride ◽  
Surface Runoff ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Overland Flow ◽  
Chloride Concentration ◽  
Runoff Water ◽  
Mixing Depth ◽  
Change Rate ◽  
Solute Transfer ◽  
The Media

A mixing-based model for describing solute transfer to overland flow was developed. This model included a time-dependent mixing depth of the top layer and a complete-mixed surface runoff zone. In a series of laboratory experiments, runoff was passed at various velocities and depths over a medium bed. The media were saturated with uniform concentration of potassium chloride solution. Runoff water was sampled at the beginning and end of the flume and the potassium chloride concentration analyzed. Using this model, dimensionless ultimate mixing depth and dimensionless change rate of mixing depth from experimental data were investigated and implemented. The results showed that the Reynolds number and relative roughness are two important factors.

Facts and transformations in European minority language media systems amid digitalization and economic crisis

2018 ◽  
Vol 81 (3) ◽  
pp. 235-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iñaki Zabaleta ◽  
Arantza Gutierrez ◽  
Carme Ferré-Pavia ◽  
Itxaso Fernandez ◽  
Nikolas Xamardo
Keyword(s):  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Relative Weight ◽  
Minority Language ◽  
Minority Languages ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Media Type ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Media ◽  
Media Systems ◽  
Comparative Nature

This article investigates the reality and variations of the European minority language media systems between 2009 and 2016, a period of serious economic crisis and accelerated digitalization process. To that aim, several parameters were measured: structure of the media systems and changes during that period along the variables of media type, ownership and reach; presence and relevance of major media in each of the communities; number and variation of full-time journalists; and the density or relative weight of the media systems with regard to the speaking population. The 10 minority languages under analysis (Basque, Catalan, Galician, Corsican, Breton, Frisian, Irish, Welsh, Scottish-Gaelic and Sámi) represent a wide range of communities. The relevance of the study lies in its direct comparative nature and in the fact that it thoroughly updates previous scholarly literature, measuring the changes which occurred within the 10 media systems.

Watermarking Integration into Portals

2011 ◽  
pp. 1104-1109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Wolf
Keyword(s):  
Digital Watermarking ◽  
Security Technology ◽  
Media Type ◽  
Integrity Protection ◽  
The Media ◽  
Audio Video ◽  
Media Data ◽  
Broadcast Monitoring

Digital watermarking has become an accepted security technology to protect media such as images, audio, video, 3-D, or even text-based documents (Cox & Miller, 2002). Watermarking algorithms embed information into media data by imperceptible changes of the media. They enable copyright or integrity protection, broadcast monitoring, and various other applications. Depending on targeted application and media type, various concepts and approaches for digital watermarking exist.

scholarly journals Technological effect of processing with the organic granular media flows

2018 ◽  
Vol 226 ◽  
pp. 01026 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yevgeniy Y. Krupenya ◽  
Marina A. Boyko ◽  
Antonina P. Shishkina
Keyword(s):  
Granular Media ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Organic Media ◽  
Metal Scrap ◽  
Energy Impact ◽  
Threshold Amplitude ◽  
The Media ◽  
Media Flows ◽  
Working Tank ◽  
Effect Of Surface

There has been carried out the analysis of approaches how to model vibrational processing by granulated media. The vibroprocessing model has been developed, that provides effective parts’ surfaces finishing work with granules of stone organic media initially based on the approach of energy impact of the granule flow on the processed surface. Specific volumetric metal scrap has been used as the main characteristic of processing with organic media its physical aim is increase rate of thickness of the material removed from the surface in the frames of definite velocity and pressure of the media. It is shown that metal scrap depends on media flow velocity, granular media height of the loading column, conditions that form stationary circulation motion of the media. Taking into account the analysis of experimental studies results of amplitude-frequency characteristics influence on the metal scrap during of abrasive granules vibroprocessing, there has been disclosed some certain dependence of the specific volume metal scrap while organic media processing, considering threshold amplitude and frequency of oscillations of the working tank that made it possible to observe the effect of surface treatment is. The established dependence describing the effective vibroprocessing conditions with stone organic media that was achieved due to experimental data which allows to assume validity of the obtained model.

Do consumers dig it all? The interplay of digital and print formats in media

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (7) ◽  
pp. 489-497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anjala S. Krishen ◽  
Sheen Kachen ◽  
Michael Kraussman ◽  
Zeenath Haniff
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Digital Media ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Power Law ◽  
Personal Space ◽  
Digital Medium ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Media Type ◽  
The Media ◽  
Lock In

Purpose This study aims to explore consumers’ motivations in the adoption of either print or digital forms of media, given the fluctuation of trends and attitudes in magazine consumption in the USA. This paper utilizes cognitive lock-in and the power law of practice to further the understanding of digital adoption through an interdisciplinary lens. Design/methodology/approach In this study, initially, five focus group sessions, including 53 qualifying non-student participants randomly placed into groups of 10 or 11, were held. Next, a 2 × 2 between-subjects quasi-experiment, using 163 undergraduate students at a large public university, was conducted. Findings The findings show that although the digital medium is considered less expensive, more convenient and more environmentally friendly, the print medium is regarded as more familiar, personal and visual. Further, whether the media type is a book or a magazine, consumers report higher perceived value, hedonic value and attitude toward print versus digital media. Practical implications The potential to digitally attract and lock-in consumers in the media industry has immense implications. Individuals consume media because of fashion marketing, personal space and advertisements, among other reasons. Originality/value This paper contributes to existing research by uncovering qualitative and quantitative insights into media consumption through a multilayered analysis of focus group participants and a quantitative experiment. The findings indicate that both the power law of practice theory and cognitive lock-in are plausible explanations for the choice of print over digital media format.

scholarly journals Olivine: A Potential Magnesium Source for Container Production

1993 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-35
Author(s):  
Stuart L. Warren ◽  
James E. Shelton
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Pine Bark ◽  
Particle Sizes ◽  
Dolomitic Limestone ◽  
Factorial Combination ◽  
Separate Treatment ◽  
The Media ◽  
Top Dry Weight

Abstract Fraser photinia, ‘Plumosa Compacta Youngstown’ juniper and ‘Hino-Crimson’ azalea were grown in pine bark amended with a factorial combination of five rates (0, 0.9, 1.8, 3.6 and 7.2 kg/m3) (0, 1.5, 3, 6 and 12 lbs/yd3) of olivine, a magnesium ortho silicate containing 27% Mg and four particle sizes of olivine. Calcium carbonate (38% Ca) at 2.4 kg/m3 (4 lbs/yd3) was incorporated into all olivine treatments. A separate treatment utilizing 4.2 kg/m3 (7 lbs/yd3) dolomitic limestone (22% Ca, 11% Mg) was also included to serve as a comparison to dolomitic limestone. In general, Mg concentration in the media increased with increasing olivine rate and decreasing particle size. Media P, K and Ca concentration and pH were not affected by olivine rate or particle size, nor were they significantly different from the treatment containing dolomitic limestone. Foliar Mg increased with increasing olivine rate in all species. Foliar K decreased with increasing olivine rate for ‘Hino-Crimson’ azalea and Fraser photinia. Top dry weight of ‘Plumosa Compacta Youngstown’ juniper was not affected by olivine rate or particle size while top dry weight of ‘Hino-Crimson’ azalea and Fraser photinia increased quadratically with increasing olivine rate, with the maximum occurring at 0.9 kg/m3 (1.5 lbs/yd3) and 1.8 kg/m3 (3.0 lbs/yd3), respectively. These maximum top dry weights were significantly heavier than plants grown with dolomitic limestone.

scholarly journals O impacto dos media no medo de contrair COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-102
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Mass Media ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Media Impact ◽  
Media Type ◽  
News Consumption ◽  
Raising Awareness ◽  
Consumption Frequency ◽  
The Media ◽  
Media Trust

Objective: The current study sought out to assess the mass media impact on the fear of contracting COVID-19. We focused on people's trust in information associated with media type, worry regarding daily reports of statistics, concerns about prevention measures and warnings in the media, news consumption frequency, evaluation of the media in explaining and informing about the pandemic, and the fear of contracting the disease. Methods: The sample comprised 349 participants who completed online a Sociodemographic Questionnaire, a Mass Media Opinion Questionnaire, and the Fear of Contracting Covid-19 Scale (FCCS). Results: Fear of contracting COVID-19 was higher in women compared to men. Participants with higher fear of contracting the disease trusted more in the information provided by television, newspapers, and radio, but not social media. Higher scores on the FCCS were associated with higher scores on clarification, awareness, and information conveyed by media. Trust in newspapers, feelings regarding daily reports of COVID-19, news frequency consumption, and media evaluation in explaining and informing about the pandemic were predictors of fear of contracting COVID-19. Conclusions: Mass media proved to be fundamental in raising awareness and sensitization of the population.

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