scholarly journals Study on Anatomical Variations of Popliteal Artery and its Branches

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 60-62
Author(s):  
Reema Kanchan Khalkho ◽  
A. K. Dubey ◽  
Renu Prasad ◽  
Prabhat Kumar Lal
Keyword(s):  
Popliteal Artery ◽  
Anatomical Variations ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Branching Pattern ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Common Pattern ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Present Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Type Ia

Introduction: Variations in branching of popliteal artery is important for the orthopaedicians, vascular surgeons and radiologists. The present study was conducted to assess the anatomical variations in popliteal artery, its terminal branching pattern. Subjects and Methods: The present cross-sectional study included 72 lower limbs received for cadaveric dissection. Anatomical variations of the popliteal artery were noted. Results: Type IA was the most common pattern seen (87.5%) followed by IB (5.6%) and IC (2.8%). One each of types IIA2, IIB and IIC were also seen. Mean length of 162.1 7.9 mm was observed from adductor magnus to the bifurcation point of popliteal artery. Conclusion: Type IA was the most common branching pattern seen in this area. However, types IB, IC, IIA2, IIB and IIC were also seen.

Etiologies, Clinical Manifestations, and Factors Associated with Severe Symptomatic Hyponatremia among Hospitalized Hyponatremia Patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 103 (5) ◽  
pp. 465-471
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Close Attention ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Present Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Important Health ◽  
Baseline Characteristics

Background: Hyponatremia is associated with unfavorable outcomes in many cases. The mainstay of hyponatremia treatment depends on its symptoms and etiology. However, etiologies, clinical manifestations, and factors associated with severe symptomatic hyponatremia have been rarely reported. Objective: To analyze and report etiologies, clinical manifestations, and factors associated with severe symptomatic hyponatremia. Materials and Methods: In the present cross-sectional study, the authors enrolled hospitalized patients with hyponatremia who had consulted a nephrologist between October 1, 2017, and October 31, 2018. Their baseline characteristics and clinical manifestations were recorded. Etiologies were confirmed by the attending nephrology staff. Factors associated with severe symptomatic hyponatremia were evaluated using logistic regression analysis. Results: One hundred patients were included in this study. The syndrome of inappropriate antidiuresis (SIAD), hypovolemia, and hydrochlorothiazide use were the leading hyponatremia etiologies. Hyponatremia etiologies differed between patients with community-acquired hyponatremia (n=50) and those with hospital-associated hyponatremia (n=50). Patients with communityacquired hyponatremia were older, presented with a higher frequency of severe symptomatic hyponatremia, and showed lower SNa-levels. Low SNa-levels were significantly associated with severe symptomatic hyponatremia (p=0.014). Conclusion: Hyponatremia remains an important health problem. SIAD, hypovolemia, and hydrochlorothiazide use are among the leading etiologies of hyponatremia. Low SNa-levels are associated with severe symptomatic hyponatremia; thus, physicians should pay close attention to low SNa-levels in hospitalized patients. Keywords: Hyponatremia, Symptomatic Hyponatremia, Community-acquired hyponatremia, Hospital-associated hyponatremia

scholarly journals Hypertension and its Relation with Waist to Hip Ratio in Women Referred to Bojnurd Urban Health Centers in 2014

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Hossein Lashkardoost ◽  
Fateme Hoseyni ◽  
Elham Rabbani ◽  
Farzane Q Moqadam ◽  
Leila Hosseini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Centers ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Waist To Hip Ratio ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
Present Cross Sectional Study

Introduction: North Khorasan province has one of the highest rates of hypertension. One of the main causes of hypertension is obesity. Obesity is one of the most important public health problems around the world as a risk factor for non-communicable diseases. Since a similar study was not conducted in Bojnurd, we examined the relationship between waist to hip ratio with hypertension. Methods: The present cross-sectional study was conducted on women referring to Bojnurd health centers. To analyze the data, we used t-test, chi-square, multiple logistic regression and Pearson correlation in Stata 12 software. Results: In this cross-sectional study, the prevalence of systolic blood pressure was 14.78% and diastolic blood pressure was 15.65%. So waist to the hips showed the highest correlation with the changes in hypertension. Conclusion: There are significant relationships between the age and the number of pregnancies with the risk of hypertension. Since a significant percentage of people are unaware of the existence of hypertension, changing diet and having regular physical activity along with social support is an important strategy.

scholarly journals Prenatal and Postnatal Hair Steroid Levels Predict Post-Partum Depression 12 Weeks after Delivery

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 1290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leila Jahangard ◽  
Thorsten Mikoteit ◽  
Saman Bahiraei ◽  
Mehrangiz Zamanibonab ◽  
Mohammad Haghighi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Post Partum ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hair Cortisol ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Post Partum Depression ◽  
Present Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Stress Responsivity ◽  
Time Point

Background: Within three to six months after delivery, 13%–19% of women suffer from post-partum depression (PPD), understood as a dysfunctional adaptation to the postpartum condition and motherhood. In the present cross-sectional study, we compared the hair steroid levels of women 12 weeks before and after delivery and with or without PPD. Method: The present study was a cross-sectional study conducted twelve weeks after delivery. At that time, 48 women (mean age: 25.9 years) with PPD and 50 healthy controls (mean age: 25.2 years) completed questionnaires on depressive symptoms. Further, at the same time point, 6 cm lengths of hair strands were taken, providing samples of hair steroids 12 weeks before and 12 weeks after delivery in order to analyze hair steroids (cortisol, cortisone, progesterone, testosterone, and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA)). Results: Compared to those of women without PPD, hair steroid levels (cortisol, cortisone, progesterone) were significantly lower in women with PPD both before and after delivery. Lower prenatal cortisone and progesterone levels predicted higher depression scores 12 weeks after delivery. Lower prenatal levels of cortisol and progesterone and higher levels of DHEA, and postnatal lower levels of cortisol, cortisone, and progesterone, along with higher levels of DHEA predicted PPD-status with an accuracy of 98%. Conclusions: PPD is associated with blunted hair cortisol, cortisone, and progesterone secretions both pre- and postpartum. Such blunted steroid levels appear to reflect a stress responsivity that is less adaptive to acute and transient stressors. It follows that prenatally assessed low hair cortisol and progesterone levels, along with high DHEA levels, are reliable biomarkers of post-partum depression 12 weeks after delivery.

scholarly journals Reported Growth Following Mountaineering Expeditions: The Role of Personality and Perceived Stress

2016 ◽  
Vol 49 (8) ◽  
pp. 933-955 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Smith ◽  
F. Kinnafick ◽  
S. J. Cooley ◽  
G. M. Sandal
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Adjustment ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Psychological Resilience ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Present Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The Impact

Results from previous studies suggest that stressful environmental conditions such as those faced on expedition may result in psychological growth. Building on previous research, the present cross-sectional study examined the role of personality and perceived stress in relation to post-expedition growth. Eighty-three participants who had completed a mountaineering expedition responded to measures of stress, personality, growth, well-being, and resilience. Findings implicate perceived stress, and personality dimensions of agreeableness and openness, in post-expedition growth. Growth was associated with well-being but distinct from psychological resilience, highlighting the need to consider growth and resilience independently. Present findings support the proposition that stressful expedition environments may promote positive psychological adjustment and identify factors that may influence this change. Research is needed to delineate the impact of other variables, such as coping, on changes that occurs during the post-expedition phase. Such research holds relevance for maintaining health following immersion in extreme and unusual environments.

scholarly journals Post COVID-19 Symptoms: A Neglected Domain

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 325-328
Author(s):  
Chhaya Mittal ◽  
Abhishek Mishra ◽  
Seema Jain ◽  
Neelam S Gautam
Keyword(s):  
Neuropsychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Important Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Present Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
Initial Recovery ◽  
Body Ache

Background: COVID -19 is the most important public health problem of recent time. Most people who have COVID-19 recovers completely within a few weeks but some people continue to have symptoms after initial recovery. Objective: To assess the prevalence of Post COVID symptoms, to assess requirement of treatment and to make recommendation for Post COVID care. Methods: Present cross sectional study was done among patients who recovered from COVID-19 in Meerut district. Mobile numbers of COVID patients were obtained from records, Total 100 randomly selected patients were contacted using google form and information regarding post covid symptoms in between 6 weeks to 12 weeks after recovery from COVID was obtained. Result: 87%patients developed one or more post covid symptoms. Weakness was reported to be most common problem (55%), followed by body ache (26%) and neuropsychiatric symptoms such as difficulty in concentration and insomnia (22%). Every fifth patient reported that symptoms persisted for more than 1 month. Though most of the respondents classified their symptoms as mild and moderate (52.5% and 37.9% respectively), 47% of the symptomatic patients have to take some treatment for these symptoms. Conclusion: Post COVID symptoms are common but usually less severe . Some form of treatment was required to deal with problem. Almost one in five patients reported that symptoms persisted for more than one month. The results highlight the need for post Covid care for COVID recovered patients.

scholarly journals TL 18165 - Relationship between lower limb dysmetria and plantar fasciitis

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (Supl 1) ◽  
pp. 96S
Author(s):  
Henrique Mansur ◽  
Guilherme Gonçalves Feijó Carvalho ◽  
Isnar Moreira de Castro Júnior
Keyword(s):  
Lower Limb ◽  
Plantar Fasciitis ◽  
Plantar Fascia ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Calcaneal Spur ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Relationship

Introduction: Plantar fasciitis is an inflammatory process of multifactorial etiology that affects the origin of the plantar fascia and surrounding structures. A difference in length between lower limbs is relatively common within the population and can sometimes cause changes in biomechanics and symptoms. The objective of this study is to evaluate the relationship between lower limb dysmetria and plantar fasciitis. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed to measure the length of the lower limbs by scanometry in patients diagnosed with plantar fasciitis. Other risk factors, such as body mass index, foot shape and the presence of plantar calcaneal spur, were also assessed in foot radiographs. Results: Of the 54 patients included in the study, 44.4% were men, and the mean age was 50.38 (23-73 years); 81.5% had pain in one foot, and 53.7% had feet that were considered plantigrade. We observed dysmetria in 88.9% of the sample, with a mean of 0.749 cm (SD ±0.63). In addition, 46.3% feet with pain showed calcaneal spurs on the radiographs. Conclusion: Approximately 90% of patients showed lower-limb dysmetria and, in most cases, the side with the shorter limb was affected by plantar fasciitis

scholarly journals Incidence of occupational injuries among adults residing in a selected rural area of India: A cross sectional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shilpa Ravi ◽  
Bobby Joseph
Keyword(s):  
Rural Area ◽  
Injury Severity ◽  
Occupational Injuries ◽  
Health Centre ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Permanent Disability ◽  
Creative Commons

Objectives: The objectives of this study were to assess the incidence and profile of occupational injuries among rural workers of rural India. Methods: This study was conducted among all persons between the ages of 18 to 60 years and engaged in some occupation and residing in the villages under the three rural subcentres of Sarjapur Primary Health Centre during the time period of 2009-2012. The sample size was calculated to be 400 assuming a prevalence of 10% and absolute precision of 3% at 95% confidence limits and a systematic random sampling of the household was done to select the study population. Results: The incidence of occupational injuries in the study period of 2009-2012 was 22%. Out of the total 91 injuries, the proportion of injuries, which were agriculture-related, was 62%. The most common cause of injury was due to contact with plant thorns. Above half (54%) involved the upper limbs, and (30%) involved the lower limbs. By using the injury severity scale, 88% were of minor degree. 67% required treatment and 32% of the injured persons took treatment in a private hospital. Those who sustained an injury, 9% required admission to a hospital. Three participants have sustained a permanent disability during this study. Conclusion: The Incidence of occupational injuries was found to be 22% and agriculture showed to have the highest proportion of injuries. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.3.293 How to cite this:Ravi S, Joseph B. Incidence of occupational injuries among adults residing in a selected rural area of India: A cross sectional study. Pak J Med Sci. 2019;35(3):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.3.293 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Evaluation of Relationship between Mesiodistal Width of Permanent Canines and Premolars with Permanent Lower First Molars and Incisors for Space Analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shabnam Yazdani ◽  
Nasim Esnaashari ◽  
Mehdi Rafie ◽  
Negah Bazghaleh
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Prediction Formula ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Present Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Dental Cast ◽  
Digital Caliper

Introduction: One of the simplest methods to predict mesiodistal width of permanent canines and premolars is using Tanaka and Johnston’s prediction formula; however, dental size varies according to race. The study aimed to examine the relationship between incisors mesiodistal width and mandibular first molar’s with mesiodistal width of maxillary and mandibular canines and premolars and to determine the reliability of Tanaka and Johnston prediction formula. Materials & Methods: In the present cross-sectional study, 200 pairs of a dental cast of 12-25 years old were selected and the greatest mesiodistal width of canines and premolars crown in each jaw and incisors and mandibular first molars were measured with a digital caliper with 0.01 resolution. Data were analyzed using regression analysis, t-test (p value < 0.05). Results: There was a significant statistical difference between actual width and Tanaka and Johnston prediction formula in the group under study (p value < 0.001). Moreover, a new linear equation for the prediction of mesiodistal width of maxillary and mandibular canines and premolars based on mesiodistal width of lower incisors and mandibular first molars was developed using regression analysis. Conclusion: In statistical terms, Tanaka and Johnston’s prediction formula is not applicable for the population under study because maxillary estimated measures were a little high and mandibular estimated measures were a little low.

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