Nitrogen Fertilizer Reduces the Impact of Sodium Chloride on Wheat Yield

2018 ◽  
Vol 110 (5) ◽  
pp. 1731-1737 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhi Eldeen Hussien Ibrahim ◽  
Xinkai Zhu ◽  
Guisheng Zhou ◽  
Adam Yousif Adam Ali ◽  
Irshad Ahmad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
The Impact

1033 REDUCING NITROGEN FERTILIZER APPLICATIONS BY BALANCING THE NITROGEN SULFUR RATIO

HortScience ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 576d-576
Author(s):  
Ellen T. Paparozzi
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Contamination ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Nutrient Balance ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Consumer Perceptions ◽  
Consumer Acceptance ◽  
Statistical Techniques ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Future Plans

Fertilizer particularly nitrogen is part of the concern about groundwater contamination. Many floricultural and ornamental plants do not need the high rates of nitrogen that are typically recommended. However, whenever one alters the quantity of a given nutrient the overall nutrient balance, as well as other physiological processes, changes. A brief overview of our research on poinsettias, roses, and chrysanthemums will be presented. Suggested ratios, critical S levels and nutrient problems associated with incorrect balances will be shared. Limitations due to statistical methods and the impact nutrient balance has on certain plant processes such as flowering and coloring and thus, consumer acceptance will be summarized. Future plans in this area may focus on the need for new statistical techniques, nutrient acquisition by roots and consumer perceptions of plant quality.

Biochar combined with nitrogen fertilizer affects soil properties and wheat yield in medium‐low‐yield farmland

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linlin Dong ◽  
Jidong Wang ◽  
Mingxing Shen ◽  
Haidong Zhang ◽  
Lingqing Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Wheat Yield

scholarly journals The impact of the partial replacement of sodium chloride in the development of starter cultures during Italian salami production

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Fieira ◽  
João Francisco Marchi ◽  
Daiana Marafão ◽  
Alexandre da Trindade Alfaro
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Starter Culture ◽  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Sodium Content ◽  
Starter Cultures ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
High Sodium ◽  
Cured Meat ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Italian salami is a cured meat with high sodium contents which is easy, fast and convenient to consume. Starter cultures are used to improve its sensory characteristics and refine its technological manufacturing process. The goal of this study was to reduce the sodium content in Italian salami through the partial replacement of sodium chloride by potassium chloride, magnesium chloride and calcium chloride, and evaluate the viability of the Lactobacillus sp. and Staphylococcus sp. cells found in the starter culture. Four formulations were elaborated: one with, and one without the starter culture, but both with the addition of sodium chloride; and two with the partial replacement of 60% of the sodium chloride: the first with KCl, and the other with a mixture of KCl, MgCl2 and CaCl2. Physicochemical and microbiological evaluations were carried out to monitor the ripening and the quality of the final product. The partial replacement of NaCl by other salts (MgCl2, CaCl2, KCl) did not interfere in the growth of the starter culture in the Italian salami, neither did it affect the majority of the physicochemical parameters of the Italian salami nor the microbiological quality of the final product.

The interaction between soil pH and phosphorus for wheat yield and the impact of lime-induced changes to soil aluminium and potassium

Soil Research ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Craig A. Scanlan ◽  
Ross F. Brennan ◽  
Mario F. D'Antuono ◽  
Gavin A. Sarre
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Acid Soils ◽  
Combined Effect ◽  
Additive Effect ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Response Curves ◽  
The Impact

Interactions between soil pH and phosphorus (P) for plant growth have been widely reported; however, most studies have been based on pasture species, and the agronomic importance of this interaction for acid-tolerant wheat in soils with near-sufficient levels of fertility is unclear. We conducted field experiments with wheat at two sites with acid soils where lime treatments that had been applied in the 6 years preceding the experiments caused significant changes to soil pH, extractable aluminium (Al), soil nutrients and exchangeable cations. Soil pH(CaCl2) at 0–10cm was 4.7 without lime and 6.2 with lime at Merredin, and 4.7 without lime and 6.5 with lime at Wongan Hills. A significant lime×P interaction (P<0.05) for grain yield was observed at both sites. At Merredin, this interaction was negative, i.e. the combined effect of soil pH and P was less than their additive effect; the difference between the dose–response curves without lime and with lime was greatest at 0kgPha–1 and the curves converged at 32kgPha–1. At Wongan Hills, the interaction was positive (combined effect greater than the additive effect), and lime application reduced grain yield. The lime×P interactions observed are agronomically important because different fertiliser P levels were required to maximise grain yield. A lime-induced reduction in Al phytotoxicity was the dominant mechanism for this interaction at Merredin. The negative grain yield response to lime at Wongan Hills was attributed to a combination of marginal soil potassium (K) supply and lime-induced reduction in soil K availability.

scholarly journals Regulation of T Cell Responses by Ionic Salt Signals

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 2365
Author(s):  
Christina E. Zielinski
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
T Cell Responses ◽  
T Helper Cell ◽  
Helper Cell ◽  
T Helper ◽  
Tissue Microenvironment ◽  
Cell Responses ◽  
The Impact

T helper cell responses are tailored to their respective antigens and adapted to their specific tissue microenvironment. While a great proportion of T cells acquire a resident identity, a significant proportion of T cells continue circulating, thus encountering changing microenvironmental signals during immune surveillance. One signal, which has previously been largely overlooked, is sodium chloride. It has been proposed to have potent effects on T cell responses in the context of autoimmune, allergic and infectious tissue inflammation in mouse models and humans. Sodium chloride is stringently regulated in the blood by the kidneys but displays differential deposition patterns in peripheral tissues. Sodium chloride accumulation might furthermore be regulated by dietary intake and thus by intentional behavior. Together, these results make sodium chloride an interesting but still controversial signal for immune modulation. Its downstream cellular activities represent a potential therapeutic target given its effects on T cell cytokine production. In this review article, we provide an overview and critical evaluation of the impact of this ionic signal on T helper cell polarization and T helper cell effector functions. In addition, the impact of sodium chloride from the tissue microenvironment is assessed for human health and disease and for its therapeutic potential.

scholarly journals Effects of agricultural credit on wheat productivity of small farms in Sindh, Pakistan

2018 ◽  
Vol 78 (5) ◽  
pp. 592-610 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abbas Ali Chandio ◽  
Yuansheng Jiang ◽  
Feng Wei ◽  
Xu Guangshun
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Considerable Proportion ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Small Farms ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Agricultural Credit ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the impact of short-term loan (STL) vs long-term loan (LTL) on wheat productivity of small farms in Sindh, Pakistan. Design/methodology/approach The econometric estimation is based on cross-sectional data collected in 2016 from 18 villages in three districts, i.e. Shikarpur, Sukkur and Shaheed Benazirabad, Sindh, Pakistan. The sample data set consist of 180 wheat farmers. The collected data were analyzed through different econometric techniques like Cobb–Douglas production function and Instrumental variables (two-stage least squares) approach. Findings This study reconfirmed that agricultural credit has a positive and highly significant effect on wheat productivity, while the short-term loan has a stronger effect on wheat productivity than the long-term loan. The reasons behind the phenomenon may be the significantly higher usage of agricultural inputs like seeds of improved variety and fertilizers which can be transformed into the wheat yield in the same year. However, the LTL users have significantly higher investments in land preparation, irrigation and plant protection, which may lead to higher wheat production in the coming years. Research limitations/implications In the present study, only those wheat farmers were considered who obtained agricultural loans from formal financial institutions like Zarai Taraqiati Bank Limited and Khushhali Bank. However, in the rural areas of Sindh, Pakistan, a considerable proportion of small-scale farmers take credit from informal financial channels. Therefore future researchers should consider the informal credits as well. Originality/value This is the first paper to examine the effects of agricultural credit on wheat productivity of small farms in Sindh, Pakistan. This paper will be an important addition to the emerging literature regarding effects of credit studies.

REACTION OF SPRING WHEAT LINES WITH FOREIGN GENETIC MATERIAL TO THE IMPACT OF ARTIFICIALLY CREATED STRESSES

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. V. Pavlova ◽  
◽  
L. A. Marchenkova ◽  
R. F. Chavdar ◽  
T. G. Orlova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Growth Processes ◽  
Genetic Characteristics ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Inhibition Of Growth ◽  
Wheat Lines ◽  
The Impact

The adaptive properties of spring wheat lines with foreign genetic material at the early stages of ontogenesis on the backgrounds of salinization with sodium chloride and prolonged flooding of seeds in water were evaluated. In the course of the work, different degrees of inhibition of growth processes were revealed, depending on the factor used and the genetic characteristics of the studied forms, a comprehensive (summary) assessment of the index of stability characterizing adaptability to adverse environmental factors was shown.

Heat Sensing and Lipid Reprograming as a Signaling Switch for Heat Stress Responses in Wheat

2020 ◽  
Vol 61 (8) ◽  
pp. 1399-1407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mostafa Abdelrahman ◽  
Takayoshi Ishii ◽  
Magdi El-Sayed ◽  
Lam-Son Phan Tran
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Calcium Influx ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
High Temperature Stress ◽  
Membrane Lipid ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Temperature is an essential physical factor that affects the plant life cycle. Almost all plant species have evolved a robust signal transduction system that enables them to sense changes in the surrounding temperature, relay this message and accordingly adjust their metabolism and cellular functions to avoid heat stress-related damage. Wheat (Triticum aestivum), being a cool-season crop, is very sensitive to heat stress. Any increase in the ambient temperature, especially at the reproductive and grain-filling stages, can cause a drastic loss in wheat yield. Heat stress causes lipid peroxidation due to oxidative stress, resulting in the damage of thylakoid membranes and the disruption of their function, which ultimately decreases photosynthesis and crop yield. The cell membrane/plasma membrane plays prominent roles as an interface system that perceives and translates the changes in environmental signals into intracellular responses. Thus, membrane lipid composition is a critical factor in heat stress tolerance or susceptibility in wheat. In this review, we elucidate the possible involvement of calcium influx as an early heat stress-responsive mechanism in wheat plants. In addition, the physiological implications underlying the changes in lipid metabolism under high-temperature stress in wheat and other plant species will be discussed. In-depth knowledge about wheat lipid reprograming can help develop heat-tolerant wheat varieties and provide approaches to solve the impact of global climate change.

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