Pearl Millet Cultivar and Seeding Method Effects on Forage Quality and Performance of Grazing Beef Heifers

Al-Ti-C grain refiners have been prepared by combining self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) technique and melting-casting method. Effects of Al powder size and C/Ti ratio on the microstructures and grain-refining efficiency of Al-Ti-C grain refiners were studied by OM, XRD, SEM and EDS. The results show that when Al powder size is fine, and C/Ti ratio is 1: 8, SHS reaction among the mixed powders can easily carry on in the melt. As a result, the prepared grain refiner consists of blocky Al3Ti and fine TiC particles distributed in Al matrix, and exhibits excellent grain refining performance on commercially pure Al.

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Production, Forage Quality, and Performance of Holstein Cows under Intermittent Grazing on Tifton 85

Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.5539/jas.v9n8p11 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 9 (8) ◽

pp. 11

Author(s):

Valdevino Rodrigues Da Silva ◽

Kátia Aparecida De Pinho Costa ◽

Marco Antônio Pereira Da Silva ◽

Edmar Soares Nicolau ◽

Victor Costa Da Silva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Milk Production ◽

Production Systems ◽

Forage Quality ◽

Live Weight ◽

Dry Mass ◽

Holstein Cows ◽

Production Parameters ◽

Randomized Design ◽

And Performance

Tropical forage grasses compose the base diet of the Brazilian cattle herd due to their low production cost, high production potential, and good adaptation to various Brazilian ecosystems. In recent years, the search has intensified for alternatives that increase the yield in pasture milk production systems. Thus, the present study evaluated the production and quality of Tifton 85 grass in relation to the production parameters (e.g. greater leaf: stem ratio), and milk quality of Holstein cows in an intermittent grazing system during different seasons of the year. The experiment was conducted at the Córrego da Ponte Farm in Santa Helena de Goias, Goias, Brazil, from April 2014 to March 2015. The experiment used a completely randomized design with nine replicates and the four seasons (fall, winter, spring, and summer) as treatments. The Holstein cows had a live weight of 560±36.8 kg and averages four years of age. The grazing method used was a mob-stocking, with one day of grazing and 19 days of rest. The results showed that Tifton 85 was efficient regarding production parameters (total dry mass) and forage quality (IVDMD, NDF, ADF). The milk production was satisfactory during the fall, spring, and summer. The forage showed limited production during the winter, due the highest NDF, ADF levels and lower IVDMD (P < 0.05), which was directly reflected in the milk yield, fat, protein and lactose (P < 0.05). A reduction in the stocking rate or an increase in the number of paddocks is advisable during the winter to maximize milk production without compromising forage development. The correlation data showed the importance of consuming better-quality forage to increase milk production without compromising the levels of milk solids.

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Preemergence Herbicide and Seeding Method Effects on Seedling Growth of Kentucky Bluegrass1

Weed Technology ◽

10.1614/wt-03-199r ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

pp. 43-46 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

STEVEN J. KEELEY ◽

HAN-E ZHOU

Keyword(s):

Seedling Growth ◽

Seeding Method ◽

Method Effects

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Canopy structure, ingestive behavior and displacement patterns of beef heifers grazing warm-season pastures

Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia ◽

10.1590/1678-4162-8230 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 68 (2) ◽

pp. 457-465 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

C.L. Glienke ◽

M.G. Rocha ◽

L. Pötter ◽

D. Roso ◽

D.B. Montagner ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pearl Millet ◽

Canopy Structure ◽

Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽

Ingestive Behavior ◽

Displacement Rate ◽

Compensatory Mechanism ◽

Intake Rate ◽

Beef Heifers ◽

Data Set ◽

Bite Rate

Analyses in a data set of six experiments (n=436) was performed with the aim of characterizing canopy structure and forage intake patterns of beef heifers grazing on Pearl millet (Pennisetum americanum), Alexandergrass (Urochloa plantaginea) and Coastcross (Cynodon dactylon). Forage and leaf lamina mass were similar among species, 3001.4 and 668.1kg of DM/ha, respectively, while leaf:stem ratio of canopy vertical strata was different. Intake rate (12g DM/minute), bite mass (0.343g DM/bite) and bite rate (36.6bites per minute) were similar in Pearl millet and Alexandergrass. In Pearl millet, neutral detergent fiber content (56.1%) in forage as grazed, grazing time (518.9 minutes/day) and displacement rate (8.8 steps/minute) were lower. Increased grazing time (639 minutes/day) represented the main compensatory mechanism for smaller bite masses (0.234g DM/bite) and reduced intake rates (8.8 grams of DM/minutes) in Coastcross. Bite rate variations happened as a response to constraints imposed by canopy structure. Surface utilization on Alexandergrass and Coastcross was increased by greater number of feeding stations visited and displacement rate. Ingestive behavior components of beef heifers are affected by differences in the canopy structure of Pearl millet, Alexandergrass and Coastcross.

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High forage yield and quality of sudan grass ( Sorghum bicolor L.) and pearl millet ( Pennisetum glaucum L.) cultivated in calcareous soils

Acta Agronomica Hungarica ◽

10.1556/aagr.56.2008.3.14 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 56 (3) ◽

pp. 371-375

Author(s):

M. Selim

Keyword(s):

Pearl Millet ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Pennisetum Glaucum ◽

Calcareous Soils ◽

Forage Quality ◽

Forage Yield ◽

Dry Matter Accumulation ◽

Sudan Grass ◽

Yield And Quality

Sudan grass and pearl millet are major warm season dryland crops, primarily grown for grain production and used as a major source of dietary energy. Both crops are highly water use efficient and belong to the C 4 group of species with high photosynthetic efficiency and dry matter accumulation rates. Both sudan grass and pearl millet have good forage quality, with an adequate crude protein content; that of pearl millet (8.7%) is higher than that of sorghum (6.0%). Therefore, the present investigation was conducted in the Western Delta Region at El-Naubaria, 40 km south of Alexandria, over two successive seasons to evaluate the forage yield and quality of sudan grass and pearl millet. Field experiments were established on calcareous soils, with five fertilization treatments. The results indicate that pearl millet surpassed sudan grass in fresh (6.56 t/ha) and dry yield (2.91 t/ha), which was 8.89% and 5.26% more, respectively, than for sudan grass. As regards the forage quality, pearl millet had good digestibility and was lower in fibre than sudan grass.

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Impact of feed supplements on in vitro degradability of barley straw and grass nuts

Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science ◽

10.1017/s1752756200008255 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 2002 ◽

pp. 169-169 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

A.S. Chaudhry ◽

P. Rowlinson ◽

C.J. Lister

Keyword(s):

Crude Protein ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Forage Quality ◽

Barley Straw ◽

Feed Supplements ◽

And Performance ◽

The Uk ◽

Cattle Health

Grass is the main energy feed for cattle but it declines in digestibility and intake during the summer months and loses about 20% nutrients during ensiling and feeding in winter. Grass is also low in minerals and this has implications for cattle health and performance. It is thus essential to use supplements to boost digestibility and intake of grass and subsequently the performance of cattle. This study compared the effect of two supplements which are marketed as molasses based feed blocks (Booster with 12% crude protein or CP and HIPRO with 28%: CRYSTALYX) on the in vitro dry matter (DM) degradation of barley straw (Straw) and grass nuts (Grass). These blocks contained same energy (13MJ ME/kg DM) but different amounts of sugars (33-35%), oil (6-8%) and minerals (20 to 28%) and thus were considered appropriate for use as feed supplements to compensate for the deficits of nutrients that the cattle can face when consuming grass or straw. These forages represent a range of forage quality that can be found in the UK.

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Sward Structural Characteristics and Performance of Beef Heifers Reared under Rotational Grazing Management on Campos Grassland

American Journal of Plant Sciences ◽

10.4236/ajps.2014.57114 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 05 (07) ◽

pp. 1020-1029 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Cezar Wancura Barbieri ◽

Fernando Luiz F. de Quadros ◽

Felipe Jochims ◽

Émerson Mendes Soares ◽

Leandro Bittencourt de Oliveira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Structural Characteristics ◽

Grazing Management ◽

Beef Heifers ◽

Rotational Grazing ◽

And Performance

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Forage Quality and Performance of Yearlings Grazing Switchgrass Strains Selected for Differing Digestibility

Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.2527/jas1988.6692239x ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 66 (9) ◽

pp. 2239 ◽

Cited By ~ 41

Author(s):

Bruce Anderson ◽

J. K. Ward ◽

K. P. Vogel ◽

M. G. Ward ◽

H. J. Gorz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Forage Quality ◽

And Performance

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Utilization of Molecular Marker Based Genetic Diversity Patterns in Hybrid Parents to Develop Better Forage Quality Multi-Cut Hybrids in Pearl Millet

Agriculture ◽

10.3390/agriculture9050097 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (5) ◽

pp. 97 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Govintharaj Ponnaiah ◽

Shashi Kumar Gupta ◽

Michael Blümmel ◽

Maheswaran Marappa ◽

Sumathi Pichaikannu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Genetic Distance ◽

Pearl Millet ◽

Morphological Traits ◽

Forage Quality ◽

Genotyping By Sequencing ◽

Single Nucleotide ◽

Breeding Programs ◽

Clear Cut

Genetic diversity of 130 forage-type hybrid parents of pearl millet was investigated based on multiple season data of morphological traits and two type of markers: SSRs (Simple sequence repeats) and GBS identified SNPs (Genotyping by sequencing-Single nucleotide polymorphism). Most of the seed and pollinator parents clustered into two clear-cut separate groups based on marker based genetic distance. Significant variations were found for forage related morphological traits at different cutting intervals (first and second cut) in hybrid parents. Across two cuts, crude protein (CP) varied from 11% to 15%, while in vitro organic matter digestibility (IVOMD) varied from 51% to 56%. Eighty hybrids evaluated in multi-location trial along with their parents for forage traits showed that significant heterosis can be realized for forage traits. A low but positive significant correlation found between SSR based genetic distance (GD between parents of hybrid) and heterosis for most of the forage traits indicated that SSR-based GD can be used for predicting heterosis for GFY, DFY and CP in pearl millet. An attempt was made to associate marker-based clusters with forage quality traits, to enable breeders select parents for crossing purposes in forage breeding programs.

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