scholarly journals Production, Forage Quality, and Performance of Holstein Cows under Intermittent Grazing on Tifton 85

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Valdevino Rodrigues Da Silva ◽  
Kátia Aparecida De Pinho Costa ◽  
Marco Antônio Pereira Da Silva ◽  
Edmar Soares Nicolau ◽  
Victor Costa Da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Forage Quality ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Holstein Cows ◽  
Production Parameters ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
And Performance

Tropical forage grasses compose the base diet of the Brazilian cattle herd due to their low production cost, high production potential, and good adaptation to various Brazilian ecosystems. In recent years, the search has intensified for alternatives that increase the yield in pasture milk production systems. Thus, the present study evaluated the production and quality of Tifton 85 grass in relation to the production parameters (e.g. greater leaf: stem ratio), and milk quality of Holstein cows in an intermittent grazing system during different seasons of the year. The experiment was conducted at the Córrego da Ponte Farm in Santa Helena de Goias, Goias, Brazil, from April 2014 to March 2015. The experiment used a completely randomized design with nine replicates and the four seasons (fall, winter, spring, and summer) as treatments. The Holstein cows had a live weight of 560±36.8 kg and averages four years of age. The grazing method used was a mob-stocking, with one day of grazing and 19 days of rest. The results showed that Tifton 85 was efficient regarding production parameters (total dry mass) and forage quality (IVDMD, NDF, ADF). The milk production was satisfactory during the fall, spring, and summer. The forage showed limited production during the winter, due the highest NDF, ADF levels and lower IVDMD (P < 0.05), which was directly reflected in the milk yield, fat, protein and lactose (P < 0.05). A reduction in the stocking rate or an increase in the number of paddocks is advisable during the winter to maximize milk production without compromising forage development. The correlation data showed the importance of consuming better-quality forage to increase milk production without compromising the levels of milk solids.

scholarly journals Estimación del consumo de forraje para dos biotipos bovinos lecheros en el trópico altoandino de Nariño, Colombia: Consumo materia seca bovinos

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 220-228
Author(s):  
Juan Leonardo Cardona Iglesias ◽  
◽  
Yesid Avellaneda Avellaneda ◽  
Edwin Castro Rincón ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Productive Efficiency ◽  
Holstein Cows ◽  
High Mountain ◽  
Randomized Design

The implementation of efficient grazing technologies in high mountain cattle ranches in the department of Nariño (Colombia) increases the sustainability of these production systems and promotes the conservation of the landscape design. With the objective of evaluating the dry matter intake of F1 (Kiwi-cross x Holstein) and Holstein cattle biotypes, present in hillside areas of the Nariño mountain, a preliminary trial of individual consumption of ryegrass (Lolium perenne) was carried out in Pasto (Nariño-Colombia) with the gauging technique, and the results were compared with models reported in the literature. The data were analyzed as a completely randomized design, with repeated measures over time. Intake per gauging was higher (p<0.05) in Holstein cows, with respect to F1 cows (12.74 vs. 9.69 kg/dry-matter/day), but per unit live weight was similar (p>0.05). On the other hand, the milk composition of F1 cows was superior (p<0.05) for fat, protein, and total solids (%). In conclusion, the two breeds evaluated recorded the same forage intake capacity as a function of live weight, but, due to the larger size of the Holstein cows the absolute intake was higher, indicating that an adjustment in forage supply should be made according to the size of the animals. This work contributes to improve grazing techniques, making the use of pastures and their environment more sustainable, which favors productive efficiency and improves the quality of life for the producer families in the area.

scholarly journals Ewe maternal behavior score to estimate lamb survival and performance during lactation

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreia Barros de Moraes ◽  
Cesar Henrique Espírito Candal Poli ◽  
Vivian Fischer ◽  
Neuza Maria Fajardo ◽  
Marta Farias Aita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Maternal Behavior ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Low Weight ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Presence Of People ◽  
Filial Behavior

Mortality of perinatal lambs and low weight at weaning cause huge liabilities to farmers. Current study describes maternal-filial behavior and evaluates the use of maternal behavior score (MBS) to estimate the behavior of ewes and lambs soon after birth, and correlate it with lamb mortality and performance during lactation. Thirty-seven Corriedale ewes were used in a completely randomized design. MBS was assessed up to 24 hours after birth, taking into consideration the distance of the ewe from the lamb at the approach of a person. Maternal behavior, placental weight, weight gain of the lambs until weaning and their survival rate were also evaluated until two hours after lambing. More than 90% of the ewes had adequate maternal behavior, with parental care, even though ewes were very sensitive to the presence of people. There was no significant correlation between MBS and maternal behavior, lamb mortality rate and live weight gain. Under these conditions, MBS was not a useful tool to estimate maternal behavior and performance of lambs. 

scholarly journals PERFORMANCE OF ‘NANICÃO JANGADA’ BANANA PLANTS INTERCROPPED WITH WINTER COVER CROPS

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
RICARDO SFEIR DE AGUIAR ◽  
PAULO VICENTE CONTADOR ZACCHEO ◽  
CARMEN SILVIA VIEIRA JANEIRO NEVES ◽  
MARCELO SFEIR DE AGUIAR ◽  
FERNANDO TEIXEIRA DE OLIVEIRA
Keyword(s):  
Cover Crops ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Soil Management ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Vegetative Development ◽  
Chicken Litter ◽  
Winter Cover ◽  
Winter Cover Crops

ABSTRACT The use of cover crops species may be an important strategy in the pursuit of sustainability of agroecosystems, considering benefits to soil, such as improvements of physical and chemical characteristics, and weed control. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of winter cover crops and other soil managements on chemical soil properties, on the cycle, on the production of the first cycle and on the fruit quality of banana cv. Nanicão Jangada in Andirá – PR, Brazil. The experiment was carried out in a commercial. Planting of banana suckers from the grower area occurred in the first half of March 2011, with a spacing of 2.40 m between rows and 1.90 m between plants. The experiment was designed in randomized blocks with four replications and six plants per plot. The six treatments were: black oat (Avenastrigosa Schreb), forage turnip (Raphanus sativus L. var. oleiferus), consortium of black oat and forage turnip, chicken litter, residues of banana plants, and bare ground. The evaluations were vegetative development and life cycle of banana plants, yield and quality of fruits, soil chemical characterstics, and fresh and dry mass of green manures. The results were submitted to ANOVA (F Test), and Tukey test at 5 % probability. Black oat and black oat with forage turnip consortium were superior in biomass production. Systems of soil management had no effect on the variables, except in the periods between planting and flowering and between planting and harvest, which were shorter in the treatment of soil management with crop residues, longer in the treatment with forage turnip, and intermediate in the other treatments.

scholarly journals Fitting mathematical models to lactation curves from holstein cows in the southwestern region of the state of Parana, Brazil

2015 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 503-517 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abílio G.T. Ferreira ◽  
Douglas S. Henrique ◽  
Ricardo A.M. Vieira ◽  
Emilyn M. Maeda ◽  
Altair A. Valotto
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Information Criterion ◽  
The State ◽  
Holstein Cows ◽  
Suitable Model ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Quality Of Fit ◽  
Wood Model

The objective of this study was to evaluate four mathematical models with regards to their fit to lactation curves of Holstein cows from herds raised in the southwestern region of the state of Parana, Brazil. Initially, 42,281 milk production records from 2005 to 2011 were obtained from "Associação Paranaense de Criadores de Bovinos da Raça Holandesa (APCBRH)". Data lacking dates of drying and total milk production at 305 days of lactation were excluded, resulting in a remaining 15,142 records corresponding to 2,441 Holstein cows. Data were sorted according to the parity order (ranging from one to six), and within each parity order the animals were divided into quartiles (Q25%, Q50%, Q75% and Q100%) corresponding to 305-day lactation yield. Within each parity order, for each quartile, four mathematical models were adjusted, two of which were predominantly empirical (Brody and Wood) whereas the other two presented more mechanistic characteristics (models Dijkstra and Pollott). The quality of fit was evaluated by the corrected Akaike information criterion. The Wood model showed the best fit in almost all evaluated situations and, therefore, may be considered as the most suitable model to describe, at least empirically, the lactation curves of Holstein cows raised in Southwestern Parana.

scholarly journals Silicon Potential as Attenuator of Salinity Effects on Growth and Post-harvest Quality of Lettuce

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 455
Author(s):  
Hozano De Souza Lemos Neto ◽  
Marcelo De Almeida Guimarães ◽  
Rosilene Oliveira Mesquita ◽  
Italo Marlone Gomes Sampaio ◽  
Ana Régia Alves de Araújo Hendges ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Saline Stress ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Salinity Levels ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

Silicon (Si) is a mineral element that provides many benefits to plants and may also assist in tolerance to abiotic stresses such as salinity. The aim of the study was to evaluate the use of Si as a possible attenuator of the deleterious effects of salinity on growth and post-harvest of lettuce. A completely randomized design with four replicates was performed in a 3 × 2 factorial, consisting of three salinity levels (1.65, 3.65, 7.65 dS m-1) and two levels of silicon (0.0 and 2.0 mM). Salinity reduced all variables related to plant growth. For shoot fresh and dry mass, it was observed that NaCl caused a reduction of 79.80 and 80%, respectively, in comparison to the control. However, parameters related to post-harvest such as titratable acidity, soluble solids and vitamin C increased with salinity. Although not effective in reducing saline stress on plant growth, Si provided improvements in the variables related to lettuce post-harvest. Salinity significantly reduced plant growth in the presence and absence of Si, but provided better post-harvest quality with Si.

scholarly journals Production of laying hens in different rearing systems under hot weather

2017 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 37677
Author(s):  
Daniel Araujo Netto ◽  
Héder José D'Ávila Lima ◽  
Julia Rodrigues Alves ◽  
Bianca Corrêa de Morais ◽  
Mauricio Silva Rosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Egg Yolk ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
External Quality ◽  
Weight Variation ◽  
Randomized Design

 The environment is very important for the performance of laying hens; thus, techniques are required to improve production systems, providing better welfare for poultry and consequent increase in the quality of the final product, the egg. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of rearing system, on the floor and in cage, on the performance and egg internal and external quality of laying hens. A total of 320 Hysex Brown laying hens, with 34-43 weeks days of age, was distributed in a completely randomized design, with two treatments, floor and cage, with 10 replicates each. The parameters evaluated were: individual feed intake, egg production per replicate, feed conversion per dozen eggs, egg weight; weight and percentage participation of shell, albumen and yolk, specific gravity, body weight variation and viability of birds. The results show that the birds raised on the floor showed best results as to egg production, besides the best internal and external quality, with greater weight of egg, yolk, albumen, shell and with lower losses of eggs. Because of the negative effects of the cage system, in general, hens presented lower results when compared to results of those raised on the floor. 

scholarly journals Soybeans Competitiveness with Morning Glory

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-33
Author(s):  
F. PICCININI ◽  
T.N. MARTIN ◽  
S.L.O. MACHADO ◽  
N.D. KRUSE ◽  
R. SCHMATZ
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Morning Glory ◽  
Replacement Series ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Total Plant ◽  
Soybean Plants ◽  
Herbicide Use

Weeds interfere negatively on development, yield and quality of soybeans (Glycine max). Inadequate weed control by herbicide use can select for resistant or tolerant biotypes, leading to a shift in the weed flora. An example is the increase of incidence of morning glory (Ipomoea spp.) in soybeans growing areas in South Brazil. The aim of this study was to determine the competitiveness of soybeans intercropped with I. triloba, I. indivisa and I. purpurea through a replacement experiments series. Greenhouse experiments were conducted in a completely randomized design with four replications. The first experiment was carried out aiming to get the plant population while total plant dry mass remained constant. Other experiments were done under replacement series experiments with soybeans and morning glory ratios of 100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75 and 100:0 using the 250 plant m-2 defined by the preliminary experiment. Leaf area, root and shoots dry mass were assessed. Diagrams along with index interpretation were used to performed a competitiveness analysis. Soybeans showed greater competitiveness as I. triloba, I. purpurea and I. indivisa species for the leaf area, root and shoots dry mass variables. Intraspecific competition prevails between soybean plants whilst interspecific competition prevails for morning glory.

scholarly journals Comparison of a Plantain-Chicory Mixture with a Grass Permanent Sward on the Live Weight Gain and Meat Quality of Lambs

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 2275
Author(s):  
Romina Rodríguez ◽  
Oscar Balocchi ◽  
Daniel Alomar ◽  
Rodrigo Morales
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Temperate Grasslands ◽  
Live Weight Gain ◽  
Final Weight ◽  
Sheep Production

Under the predicted conditions of climate change, the productivity of temperate grasslands may be affected by drought stress, especially in spring and summer. In this scenario, water-deficit-tolerant species such as plantain and chicory are interesting alternatives for use in sheep production systems. In this study, we compared a mixture of plantain and chicory herbage (PCH) with a grass-based permanent sward (GBS) on the weight gain and meat quality of lambs finished on these grasslands. Fifteen weaned lambs (31.3 kg and 4 months of age) were assigned to each treatment for seven weeks in late spring and live weight gain (LWG), carcass and meat quality were evaluated. There was a tendency (p = 0.09) in final weight (40.3 ± 0.8 kg) and live weight gain (173 ± 10 g/d) to be higher in PCH compared to GBS. Carcass weight, dressing percentage and meat quality in terms of pH, color and tenderness did not differ (p > 0.05) and were considered to be of good quality. We concluded that both swards result in comparable lamb performance and good meat quality.

scholarly journals PHYSIOLOGICAL QUALITY OF Brachiaria brizantha SEEDS TREATED WITH FUNGICIDE AND INSECTICIDE

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 651-656
Author(s):  
ERIC FABIANO SERAGUZI ◽  
CARLOS HENRIQUE QUEIROZ REGO ◽  
FERNANDA BRITO CARDOSO ◽  
ANA CARINA DA SILVA CÂNDIDO ◽  
CHARLINE ZARATIN ALVES
Keyword(s):  
Root Development ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Brachiaria Brizantha ◽  
Thiophanate Methyl ◽  
Physiological Characterization ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Phytotoxic Effect ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the effects of chemical treatment of seeds with fungicide and insecticide on the seed physiological quality of Brachiaria brizantha cultivar MG5. Two experiments with four replicates were carried out in a completely randomized design. In the first experiment, the seeds were treated with the fungicide pyraclostrobin + fipronil + thiophanate-methyl and in the second, with the insecticide thiamethoxam, both at doses of 0, 150, 300, 450, and 600 mL of commercial product (CP)/100 kg of seeds. Physiological characterization was done on the basis of the first germination count, germination (%), emergence (%), emergence speed index, and length and dry mass of shoot and root. The treatment of B. brizantha seeds with the fungicide pyraclostrobin + fipronil + thiophanate-methyl benefits the physiological quality of seeds, improving germination and root development, with no phytotoxic effect up to the dose of 600 mL of CP/100 kg of seeds. The insecticide thiamethoxam has a biostimulating effect on B. brizantha cultivar MG5 up to the dose of 270 mL of CP/100 kg of seeds, but is phytotoxic in larger doses.

scholarly journals Vigor tests in seeds creole of Phaseolus lunatus L.

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria das Graças Rodrigues do Nascimento ◽  
Maria Lúcia Maurício da Silva ◽  
Edna Ursulino Alves ◽  
Caroline Marques Rodrigues ◽  
Maria Joelma da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Phaseolus Lunatus ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Seed Analysis ◽  
Seedling Length ◽  
Physiological Quality

Seeds with a good physiological quality are essential to high productivity. However, for some seeds, Phaseolus lunatus L., the viability and vigor analyze show deficiency in quality. This work aimed to evaluate the physiological quality of Phaseolus lunatus L. seeds using several vigor tests. The study was realized at the Laboratory of Seed Analysis of the Agricultural Sciences Center of the Federal University of Paraíba, in Areia – PB, Brazil. We used seeds from five cultivars of P. lunatus (Branca, Orelha de Vó, Cearense, Rosinha, and Roxinha). To determine the physiological quality, we measured the water content, the viability and vigor test (germination, emergence, electrical conductivity, tetrazolium, first germination count and emergence, seedling length and dry mass). We used a completely randomized design for seeds evaluation, and the field test was performed in randomized blocks. The water content of P. lunatus did not differ among the cultivars, indicating a uniformity in the percentage of moisture. Also, the percentage and speed of emergency and the dry mass of seedlings did not differ among the varieties. The tetrazolium and electrical conductivity tests indicated that Rosinha cultivar had the worst viability concerning the other cultivars, showing a low percentage of living tissue and lower electrical conductivity. The seeds of Roxinha cultivar had the better physiological quality, and the Cearense cultivar had the worst quality evaluation. We recommend the tetrazolium test but not the electrical conductivity test to evaluate the vigor of P. lunatus.

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