scholarly journals Correlates of Neutralizing/SARS-CoV-2-S1-Binding Antibody Response With Adverse Effects and Immune Kinetics in BNT162b2-Vaccinated Individuals

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenji Maeda ◽  
Masayuki Amano ◽  
Yukari Uemura ◽  
Kiyoto Tsuchiya ◽  
Tomoko Matsushima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Antibody Response ◽  
Binding Antibody

scholarly journals Correlates of Neutralizing/SARS-CoV-2-S1-binding Antibody Response with Adverse Effects and Immune Kinetics in BNT162b2-Vaccinated Individuals

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenji Maeda ◽  
Masayuki Amano ◽  
Yukari Uemura ◽  
Kiyoto Tsuchiya ◽  
Tomoko Matsushima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
Significant Rise ◽  
Neutralization Titer ◽  
Symptomatic Infection ◽  
Protective Measures ◽  
Neutralizing Activity ◽  
Pain Scores ◽  
Binding Antibody ◽  
Moderate Inverse Correlation

Abstract While mRNA vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 are exceedingly effective in preventing symptomatic infection, their immune response features remain to be clarified. In the present prospective study, 225 healthy individuals in Japan, who received two BNT162b2 doses, were enrolled. Correlates of BNT162b2-elicited SARS-CoV-2-neutralizing activity (50% neutralization titer: NT50; assessed using infectious virions) with various determinants were examined and the potency of serums against variants of concerns was determined. Significant rise in NT50s was seen in serums on day 28 post-1st dose. A moderate inverse correlation was seen between NT50s and ages, but no correlation seen between NT50s and adverse effects. NT50s and SARS-CoV-2-S1-binding-IgG levels on day 28 post-1st dose and pain scores following the 2nd shot were greater in women than in men. The average half-life of NT50s was ~ 68 days and the estimated average time length till the total disappearance of neutralizing activity was ~ 198 days. While serums from elite-responders (NT50s > 1,500-fold: the top 4% among the participants) potently to moderately blocked all variants of concerns examined, some serums with low NT50s failed to block the B.1.351-beta strain. Since BNT162b2-elicited immunity against SARS-CoV-2 is short, an additional vaccine or other protective measures are needed.

scholarly journals PO 8597 NEUTRALISING AND NON-NEUTRALISING ANTIBODIES RESPONSE IN HIV-1-INFECTED INDIVIDUALS FROM MOZAMBIQUE

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (Suppl 3) ◽  
pp. A61.2-A61
Author(s):  
Paloma Gonçalves ◽  
Francisco Martin ◽  
Patricia Borges ◽  
Maria Espirito Santo ◽  
Nuno Taveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibody Response ◽  
Hiv Vaccine ◽  
Tier 2 ◽  
Neutralising Antibodies ◽  
Positive Antibody ◽  
Tier 1 ◽  
Binding Antibody ◽  
Positive Antibody Response ◽  
Hiv 1 ◽  
Hiv Subtypes

BackgroundA vaccine that protects against the different HIV subtypes circulating around the world is essential to control and eliminate HIV infection. The immunogens are the key to develop an effective HIV vaccine. In this study, we characterised the antibody response against recombinant C2V3C3 polypeptides from several HIV-1 subtypes and evaluated the neutralising antibody response.MethodsPlasmas from HIV-1-infected individuals under treatment (n=39) and drugs-naïve individuals (n=8) were tested in an ELISA assay to determine the presence of antibodies against polypeptides from HIV-1 subtypes (CRF02_AG, B, C, G and H). The neutralising activity of plasma was evaluated with a panel of six HIV-1 viruses from a reference panel, [one tier 1 (NL4.3), and five tier 2 (PCH119_CRF07, PCE1176_C, TRO11_B, 246 F3_AC and CRF07_BJOX2000)] in a TZM-bl cells-based assay.ResultsOut of 48 plasmas, 44 (89.6%) reacted at least with one polypeptide and four (10.4%) did not react with any polypeptide. Interestingly, 56% of the plasmas recognise ≥3 peptides and 6 reacted with all polypeptides. The polypeptide from virus CRF02_AG was the most antigenic (77%) followed by the polypeptide C (58.3%), G (58.3%), H (50%) and B (35.4%). There was a positive correlation between polypeptides number recognised and binding antibody reactivity (r=0.4895, p=0.0111). All plasmas from drugs-naïve individuals neutralised at least one virus with neutralising activity between 39.3% and 95.7%. Four plasmas showed neutralising activity >50% against five viruses. The virus 249 F3 was the easiest to neutralise (median, 65.7%), whereas PCH119_CRF07 was the most difficult to neutralise (median, 43.6%). Neutralising activity of plasmas from patients under treatment are ongoing.ConclusionIn summary, these polypeptides could be useful in vaccine design once they are very antigenic and we observed a heterologous neutralising antibody response in naïve patients that expressed positive antibody-response anti-peptides.

scholarly journals SARS-CoV-2 Seroprevalence and Neutralizing Antibody Response after the First and Second COVID-19 Pandemic Wave in Croatia

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 774
Author(s):  
Tatjana Vilibic-Cavlek ◽  
Vladimir Stevanovic ◽  
Maja Ilic ◽  
Ljubo Barbic ◽  
Krunoslav Capak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibody Response ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Neutralizing Antibody ◽  
Seroprevalence Rate ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Antibody Titers ◽  
Binding Antibody ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Pandemic Wave

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a novel coronavirus with a pandemic spread. So far, a total of 358,581 SARS-CoV-2 cases and 8152 deaths were reported in Croatia. We analyzed the seroprevalence and neutralizing (NT) antibody response in the Croatian general population after the first (May–July 2020) and second (December 2020–February 2021) pandemic wave. Initial serological testing was performed using a commercial ELISA, with confirmation of reactive samples by a virus neutralization test (VNT). A significant difference in the overall seroprevalence rate was found after the first (ELISA 2.2%, VNT 0.2%) and second waves (ELISA 25.1%, VNT 18.7%). Seropositive individuals were detected in all age groups, with significant differences according to age. The lowest prevalence of NT antibodies was documented in the youngest (<10 years; 16.1%) and the oldest (60–69/70+ years; 16.0% and 12.8%, respectively) age groups. However, these age groups showed the highest median NT titers (32–64). In other groups, seropositivity varied from 19.3% to 21.5%. A significant weak positive correlation between binding antibody level as detected by ELISA and VNT titer (rho = 0.439, p < 0.001) was observed. SARS-CoV-2 NT antibody titers seem to be age-related, with the highest NT activity in children under 10 years and individuals above 50 years.

scholarly journals 12-month SARS-CoV-2 antibody persistency in a Tyrolean COVID-19 cohort

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florian Deisenhammer ◽  
Angelika Bauer ◽  
Chiara Kavelar ◽  
Dagmar Rudzki ◽  
Annika Rössler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibody Response ◽  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Disease Onset ◽  
Strong Increase ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Viral Binding ◽  
Antibody Assays ◽  
Binding Antibody ◽  
Further Development

Summary Background Short-term antibody response to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been shown previously. The further development remains to be determined. Methods We prospectively followed 29 coronavirus disease 2019 cases, mean age 44 ± 13.2 years. Except for one participant in whom rheumatoid arthritis existed, all other cases were previously healthy. We determined anti-viral binding antibodies at 2–10 weeks, 3 months, 6 months, and 12 months after disease onset as well as neutralizing antibodies (NAb) against wild type at 6 and 12 months and the B.1.1.7 and B.1.351 variants at month 12. Three binding antibody assays were used, targeting the nucleocapsid protein (NCP), the S1 subunit of the spike protein, and the receptor binding domain (RBD). Results Antibodies to the RBD persisted for 12 months in all cases with increasing concentrations, whereas antibodies to S1 dropped below cut-off point in 7 participants and NCP antibodies were above cut-off point in only 5 subjects at month 12. The NAb against wild type were detected in all but 2 samples at 12 months of follow-up but clearly less frequently when targeting the variants. In 5 participants who were vaccinated against COVID-19 there was a strong increase of antibodies against S1 and RBD as well as an increase of NAb titres against wild type and the variants. Conclusion There was a persisting antibody response against SARS-CoV‑2 up to 12 months after COVID-19 with declining concentrations except for RBD and a strong increase of all antibody concentrations after vaccination.

scholarly journals Use of a Styrene-Maleic Anhydride Copolymer as an Adjuvant with Testosterone-Serum Albumin Immunogens and its Application to Increasing Ovulation Rate in the Ewe

1986 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 99
Author(s):  
MSF Wong ◽  
RM Hoskinson ◽  
RI COX ◽  
D O Hawthorne ◽  
DH Solomon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Maleic Anhydride ◽  
Antibody Response ◽  
Serum Albumin ◽  
Average Molecular Weight ◽  
Ovulation Rate ◽  
Binding Antibody ◽  
Styrene Maleic Anhydride ◽  
Maleic Anhydride Copolymer

A synthetic poly(styrene-maleic anhydride) copolymer of average molecular weight 470000 potentiated a testosterone-binding antibody response during immunization of sheep with immunogenic testosterone- 3-carboxymethyloxime-serum albumin conjugates.

scholarly journals Antibody Response to COVID-19 vaccination in Patients Receiving Dialysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuchi Anand ◽  
Maria E Montez-Rath ◽  
Jialin Han ◽  
Pablo Garcia ◽  
LinaCel Cadden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Antibody Response ◽  
Receptor Binding ◽  
Poisson Regression ◽  
Receptor Binding Domain ◽  
End Stage Kidney Disease ◽  
Igg Index ◽  
Binding Antibody ◽  
Index Value ◽  
End Stage

Background: Patients receiving dialysis may mount impaired responses to COVID19 vaccination. Methods: We report antibody response to vaccination from 1140 patients without, and 493 patients with pre-vaccination SARS-CoV-2 RBD antibody. We used commercially available assays (Siemens) to test remainder plasma monthly in association with vaccination date and type, and assess prevalence of absent total receptor binding antibody, and absent or attenuated (index value < 10) semiquantitative receptor binding domain IgG index values. We used Poisson regression to evaluate risk factors for absent or attenuated response to vaccination. Results: Among patients who were seronegative versus seropositive before vaccination, 62% and 56% were ≥65 years old, 20% and 24% were Hispanic, and 22% and 23% were Black. Median IgG index values rose steadily over time, and were higher among the seropositive than in the seronegative patients after completing vaccination (150 [25th, 75th percentile 23.2, 150.0] versus 41.6 [11.3, 150.0]). Among 610 patients who completed vaccination (assessed ≥14 days later, median 29 days later), the prevalence of absent total RBD response, and absent and attenuated semiquantitative IgG response was 4.4% (95% CI 3.1, 6.4%), 3.4% (2.4, 5.2%), and 14.3% (11.7, 17.3%) respectively. Risk factors for absent or attenuated response included longer vintage of end-stage kidney disease, and lower pre-vaccination serum albumin. Conclusions: More than one in five patients receiving dialysis had evidence of an attenuated immune response to COVID19 vaccination.

scholarly journals Vaccination with (1–11)E2 in alum efficiently induces an antibody response to β-amyloid without affecting brain β-amyloid load and microglia activation in 3xTg mice

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Mantile ◽  
Angelo Capasso ◽  
Nadia Villacampa ◽  
Maria Donnini ◽  
Giovanna L. Liguori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Antibody Response ◽  
T Cell Response ◽  
Aβ Oligomers ◽  
Amyloid Load ◽  
Amyloid Aβ ◽  
Multimeric Protein ◽  
Β Amyloid

AbstractImmunization against β-amyloid (Aβ) is pursued as a possible strategy for the prevention of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). In clinical trials, Aβ 1–42 proved poorly immunogenic and caused severe adverse effects; therefore, safer and more immunogenic candidate vaccines are needed. Multimeric protein (1–11)E2 is able to induce an antibody response to Aβ, immunological memory, and IL-4 production, with no concomitant anti-Aβ T cell response. Antisera recognize Aβ oligomers, protofibrils, and fibrils. In this study, we evaluated the effect of prophylactic immunization with three doses of (1–11)E2 in alum in the 3xTg mouse model of AD. Immunization with (1–11)E2 efficiently induced anti-Aβ antibodies, but afforded no protection against Aβ accumulation and neuroinflammation. The identification of the features of the anti-Aβ immune response that correlate with the ability to prevent Aβ accumulation remains an open problem that deserves further investigation.

scholarly journals Convalescent plasma treatment for SARS-CoV-2 infection: analysis of the first 436 donors in England, 22 April to 12 May 2020

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (28) ◽  
Author(s):  
Heli Harvala ◽  
Jennifer Mehew ◽  
Matthew L Robb ◽  
Samreen Ijaz ◽  
Steven Dicks ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibody Response ◽  
Plasma Treatment ◽  
Neutralising Antibodies ◽  
History Of Disease ◽  
Serological Reactivity ◽  
History Of ◽  
Binding Antibody ◽  
Antibody Levels ◽  
Selection Of

Serological reactivity was analysed in plasma from 436 individuals with a history of disease compatible with COVID-19, including 256 who had been laboratory-confirmed with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Over 99% of laboratory-confirmed cases developed a measurable antibody response (254/256) and 88% harboured neutralising antibodies (226/256). Antibody levels declined over 3 months following diagnosis, emphasising the importance of the timing of convalescent plasma collections. Binding antibody measurements can inform selection of convalescent plasma donors with high neutralising antibody levels.

scholarly journals Predicting the protective humoral response to a SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Meschi ◽  
Giulia Matusali ◽  
Francesca Colavita ◽  
Daniele Lapa ◽  
Licia Bordi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibody Response ◽  
Health Care Workers ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Surrogate Marker ◽  
Humoral Response ◽  
Receptor Binding Domain ◽  
Protective Response ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Binding Antibody ◽  
Microneutralization Test

Abstract Objectives Simple and standardized methods to establish correlates to vaccine-elicited SARS-CoV-2 protection are needed. Methods An observational study on antibody response to a mRNA vaccine (Comirnaty) was performed on health care workers (V, n=120). Recovered COVID-19 patients (N, n=94) were used for comparison. Antibody response was evaluated by a quantitative anti-receptor binding domain IgG (anti-RBD) commercial assay and by virus microneutralization test (MNT), in order to establish a threshold of anti-RBD binding antibody units (BAU) able to predict a robust (≥1:80) MNT titer. Results Significant correlation between BAU and MNT titers was found in both V and N, being stronger in V (rs=0.91 and 0.57 respectively, p<0.001); a higher incremental trend starting from MNT titer 1:80 was observed in the V group. The 99% probability of high MNT titer (≥1:80) was reached at 1,814 and 3,564 BAU/mL, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was 0.99 (CI: 0.99–1.00) and 0.78 (CI: 0.67–0.86) in V and N, respectively. Conclusions A threshold of 2,000 BAU/mL is highly predictive of strong MNT response in vaccinated individuals and may represent a good surrogate marker of protective response. It remains to be established whether the present results can be extended to BAU titers obtained with other assays.

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