Determining and Allocating Diversification Benefits for a Portfolio of Risks

2010 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 257-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weihao Choo ◽  
Piet de Jong
Keyword(s):  
Risk Analysis ◽  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Insurance Risk ◽  
Total Risk ◽  
Critical Problem ◽  
Statistical Solution ◽  
Risk Margin ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Diversification Benefit

AbstractA critical problem in financial and insurance risk analysis is the calculation of risk margins. When there are a number of risks, the total risk margin is often reduced to reflect diversification. How large should the “diversification benefit” be? And how should the benefit be allocated to the individual risks? We propose a simple statistical solution. While providing a theoretical analysis, the final expressions are readily implemented in practice.

scholarly journals PSYCHOLOGICAL SECURITY FORMULA AS A CONCEPTUAL BASIS FOR FORMATION OF SAFE BEHAVIOR SKILLS

2021 ◽  
pp. 94-100
Author(s):  
T. Tsiuman ◽  
O. Nahula
Keyword(s):  
Risk Analysis ◽  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Safety Culture ◽  
Main Role ◽  
Conceptual Basis ◽  
Personal Safety ◽  
Behavior Skills ◽  
Safe Behavior ◽  
Social Comfort ◽  
The Individual

The purpose of the article is to conduct theoretical analysis of the psychological safety formula and its components based on the basic mechanisms of the human psyche. Tasks of the article: to carry out a theoretical analysis of the problem of personal safety in national and foreign studies; to define the meaning of “safety”, “physical comfort”, “psychological comfort”, “social comfort”, “safety culture”, “risk analysis” in the socio-psychological dimension; to develop a psychological formula of safety aimed at ormation of skills of safe behavior of the individual. The scientific innovativeness and theoretical significance of the conducted study is in the fact that development of a conceptual basis for the formation of safe behavior skills of the individual is based on awareness and reflection of issues that meet the basic need for It is established that individual safety is an inner experience of safety sense, which reflects the degree of comfortable existence and absence of external threats. The main role in the formation of safe behavior skills of the individual is played by regulatory mechanisms related to various psychological areas, including activities, mental states, personal qualities and characteristics, as well as external conditions. Thus, the formation of safe behavior skills of the individual is a process of meaningful and reflective use of knowledge, skills and cultural experience in the field of personal and social safety. The result of the theoretical analysis of the problem of personal safety was a scientific base of the main structural elements of the psychological formula of safety. It is determined that the psychological formula of safety is a functional structure of personal safety, which is universal in relation to its content, which combines the results of mastering sustainable social traditions of protection (safety culture) and a set of favorable environmental conditions when physical, mental and social functions are in a state of less stress, and the person himself feels satisfaction (physical, psychological and social comfort), determined by the ability to explore and study life- threatening situations, their vulnerability to risky situations (risk analysis). One of the promising areas of research of this problem is development of algorithm of universal psychoprophylactic programs for formation of safe behavior skills of the individual.

Application of Analytical Hierarchy Process to Risk Analysis of Port Construction Project

2012 ◽  
Vol 170-173 ◽  
pp. 2292-2297
Author(s):  
Jiao Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Analysis ◽  
Analytical Hierarchy Process ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Construction Project ◽  
Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Total Risk ◽  
Hierarchy Process ◽  
Port Construction

The application of analytical hierarchy process (AHP) to the risk analysis of port construction project was investigated. Firstly, the happening probabilities of various risk factors during port construction were calculated. Secondly, the aftereffects of the risks were concluded by consulting the experts. Thirdly, the weight of each risk factor was obtained by AHP. Finally, the total risk of port construction project could be evaluated by fuzzy comprehensive evaluation. This risk analysis method was applied to evaluate the total risk of a real port construction project, and the exemplification verified its feasibility.

scholarly journals Chemical monitoring of Swedish coastal waters indicates common exceedances of environmental thresholds, both for individual substances as well as their mixtures

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikael B Gustavsson ◽  
Jörgen Magnér ◽  
Bethanie Carney Almroth ◽  
Martin K Eriksson ◽  
Joachim Sturve ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Concentration Addition ◽  
Chemical Pollution ◽  
Chemical Contamination ◽  
Total Risk ◽  
Environmental Chemical ◽  
Swedish West Coast ◽  
Chemical Monitoring ◽  
Chemical Risk Assessment ◽  
The Individual

Chemical pollution was monitored and assessed along the Swedish west coast. 62 of 172 analyzed organic chemicals were detected in the water phase of at least one of five monitored sites. A Concentration Addition based screening-level risk assessment indicates that all sites are put at risk from chemical contamination, with total risk quotients between 2 and 9. Only at one site did none of the individual chemicals exceeded its individual environmental threshold (PNEC, EQS). The monitoring data thus demonstrate a widespread blanket of diffuse pollution, with no clear trends amongst sites. Further issues critical for the environmental chemical risk assessment include the challenges to achieve sufficiently low levels of detection especially for hormones and cybermethrin (a pyrethroid insecticide), the appropriate consideration of non-detects and the limited availability of reliable PNECs and EQS values.

scholarly journals Self-realisation, self-actualisation and self-efficacy concepts theoretical analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 7-15
Author(s):  
Tatyana Petrovna Opekina ◽  
Natalya Sergeevna Shipova
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Goal Setting ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Theoretical Study ◽  
The Self ◽  
Social Orientation ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
The Individual ◽  
External Forces

This article presents the results of a theoretical study of self-realisation, self-actualisation and self-efficacy phenomena. The main aspects of understanding and correlating these phenomena in classical and modern Russian and foreign psychology are described. The highlighted concepts related to the phenomenon of self-realisation, both in the field of psychology and pedagogy. The similarities and differences of the self-realisation, self-actualisation, self-efficacy phenomena, as well as their correlation and comparison are presented. A comparative analysis of the studied concepts is given. According to the results of the theoretical analysis, the processes of self-realisation and self-actualisation are based on the inner motivation of a person to grow, develop personality, realise its potential. Both of these processes, due to their subjectivity, are difficult to observe and measure from the outside. We have highlighted the main differences, consisting in a greater awareness and orderliness of the process of self-realisation, as well as its predominantly "social" orientation, while self-actualisation is often associated with the struggle with external forces, the desire for self-realisation is rather approved and supported by the society. The concepts of self-realisation and self-efficacy are united by their inherent representation in the external plane of the life of the individual, as well as awareness, activity, goal-setting, and an orientation towards achieving success. In contrast to self-efficacy, self-release is a process rather than a sustainable phenomenon, and can be expressed both externally and internally through a connection with the value-semantic, motivational spheres of the individual.

Notes on a Projected Corpus of Twelfth-Century Decretal Letters

Traditio ◽  
1948 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 345-351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephan Kuttner
Keyword(s):  
Twelfth Century ◽  
Canon Law ◽  
Critical Edition ◽  
Sharp Contrast ◽  
Critical Problem ◽  
Individual Letter ◽  
The Individual

Medieval historians, diplomatists, and canonists alike will welcome the news from Gottingen that Professor W. Holtzmann is preparing the critical edition of a corpus of papal decretals of the twelfth century. It is altogether fitting that this project should be undertaken by a scholar universally recognized as the foremost authority on the decretal collections; and also that he should have decided to detach it from the G6ttingen Academy's monumental enterprise, as designed and directed for over forty years by the late Paul Kehr, which has as its ultimate goal a complete edition of the twenty thousand odd papal letters extant from the earliest times to the accession of Innocent III-an enterprise which we may not hope to see completed within this generation. Professor Holtzmann, in the course of his connection with the general Papeturlcundenuierks, has come to realize that the decretal letters of the twelfth century offer both an historical interest and a critical problem of their own. The first is easily seen by their paramount significance, especially since the pontificate of Alexander III, for the development of Canon law in doctrine and its consolidation in practice; the second consists in the peculiarities connected with their being transmitted in collections made by canonists for the use of canonists. The purpose of such collections, i.e. the intention to serve, broadly speaking, the needs of schools and courts, entailed certain well-known textual developments, resulting in a sharp contrast with any kind of archival tradition: neglect of formal elements of the individual letter, especially of its protocol and eschatocol; abbreviation of its juridically irrelevant portions; dissection, at least in the systematic collections, of slecretals dealing with divers matters in order to distribute their contents under several titles, etc.

scholarly journals Lithium and Rotation on the Subgiant Branch. A Theoretical Analysis of Observations

2000 ◽  
Vol 198 ◽  
pp. 362-363
Author(s):  
J. D. do Nascimento ◽  
C. Charbonnel ◽  
A. Lèbre ◽  
P. De Laverny ◽  
J. R. de Medeiros
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Evolutionary Status ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Subgiant Stars

Lithium abundances, determined for 120 subgiant stars in Lèbre et al. (1999), are analyzed and compared with predictions for dilution. To this purpose, the evolutionary status of the sample as well as the individual masses have been determined. We look for the distributions of A(Li) and Vsini with mass when those stars evolve along the subgiant branch. Our results bring a new light on the Lithium and rotation discontinuities in evolved phases.

scholarly journals Ukrainian and Foreign Experience in Applying Biographical Method to Study Prominent Figures in Pedagogy

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 92-98
Author(s):  
Alla Samko
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Main Tool ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Unique Identity ◽  
Life Journey ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Given

Abstract The article analyzes the term “biographical method”, which consists in the idea of a biography being one’s life journey. Its essence was disclosed through the views of the leading Ukrainian and foreign scholars. The origins of the biographical method as the main tool for studying prominent figures in pedagogy were specified. The article contains the domain-specific classification of biographical sources including autobiographies, biographies, life stories, personal experience stories, surveys and interviews, public and private archival materials, printed and hand-written heritage of authors, memoirs of their contemporaries, etc. Specific attention is paid to the fact that biographical researches can characterize the course of life of a particular figure in pedagogy, the era in which he/she lived and worked, the process of shaping and developing his/her worldview and pedagogical views. Consequently, one can highlight the main stages in the pedagogue’s life, better understand the essence of his/her cultural, educational activities, grasp his/her unique identity, reveal certain patterns in various facts of his/her biography that have caused the emergence and development of particular educational and pedagogical ideas. Based on theoretical analysis of the works by Ukrainian and foreign scholars, it was concluded that the biographical method could determine the influence of society on the development of the individual, his/her life position, values and ideals, different moments of the society’s life at one time period or another, social contexts, rules and norms. It was found that when studying the biographies of prominent figures in pedagogy one should be able to balance the given material on the pedagogue’s activities, the description of his/her works and theoretical analysis and understanding of the trends in the development of his/her views and a reasonable assessment of his/her contributions.

scholarly journals PSYCHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF HUMOR AS A METHOD OF REGULATING EMOTIONAL STATES OF A PERSON IN DIFFERENT PSYCHOTHERAPY SCHOOLS

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (40) ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Volzhentseva
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Emotional States ◽  
Psychophysiological State ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Spiritual Potential ◽  
Psychological Features

The article provides a theoretical analysis of scientific literature on the problem of emotional states and their regulation. As part of the response levels of states – mental, physiological, behavioral - humor is proposed as a method of gelotology / laughter therapy. The positive impact of humor and laughter on the psychophysiological state of a person, his cognitive and spiritual potential is noted. The structure of the use of humor in the framework of gaming activities is given. The positive psychotherapeutic effect of using gerontology in the regulation of emotional states of the individual in different psychotherapeutic schools is analyzed. The use of humor in psychotherapeutic paradigms and counseling is systematized.Keywords: humor, gelotology, emotional states, regulation, psychotherapy schools, counseling.

scholarly journals Model of methodical system of genetic education in form 10 by the program "Biology and ecology"

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 357-362
Author(s):  
K. I. Borodina ◽  
A. M. Kmets
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Educational Program ◽  
Optimal Combination ◽  
Student Interaction ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Genetic Education ◽  
Teacher Student ◽  
School Concept ◽  
The Individual

Aim. The article is devoted to the development of the theoretical model of the methodical system of teaching the genetics in the 10th form, determining the components of each element of the system and links between them on the basis of theoretical analysis of the content of the educational program in biology and ecology for the 10th form, the requirements of the State standard of basic and complete general secondary education, provisions of the of the New Ukrainian school concept. Methods. Analysis, synthesis, modeling. Results. The authors have proposed a model of the methodical system of teaching genetics in the 10th form under the new program, from the point of view of the individual and the whole and the connections between the elements of the system. Conclusions. There are connections between the elements of the methodical system, these connections acquire new qualities if this system is included as a component in the system of teacher – student interaction. An important factor in functioning the methodical system is the optimal combination of goals, objectives, teaching technologies, which include the organizatio of teacher pedagogical activities and student learning; different training forms; training tools. Keywords: methodical system, training technologies, student interaction, goals, objectives.

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