scholarly journals SCREENING POLICIES FOR OVARIAN CANCER IN NIGERIAN HOSPITALS: A REVIEW

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 663-666
Author(s):  
Worship Odosa Agbonifo
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Screening Method ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Advanced Stage ◽  
Stage At Diagnosis ◽  
Effective Screening ◽  
Current State ◽  
Screening Strategies ◽  
Stage 1

Ovarian Cancer is a problem battled worldwide and is typically diagnosed at an advanced stage due to the lack of effective screening strategies. An effective screening method should detect the disease at an earlier stage at diagnosis such that treatment would result in better outcome and not the inevitable mortality. Diagnosis of Ovarian cancer at an early stage (stage 1) could be a benefit of good screening strategies because it is associated with a high 5- year survival rate (95%) as it appears that globally, there is no early detection for this yet. In this article, we review the epidemiology, risk factors as well as the current state of screening tests for ovarian cancer in Nigeria.

scholarly journals Does Time-to-Chemotherapy after Primary Complete Macroscopic Cytoreductive Surgery Influence Prognosis for Patients with Epithelial Ovarian Cancer? A Study of the FRANCOGYN Group

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 1058
Author(s):  
Grégoire Rocher ◽  
Thomas Gaillard ◽  
Catherine Uzan ◽  
Pierre Collinet ◽  
Pierre-Adrien Bolze ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Epithelial Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Cytoreductive Surgery ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Cohort Analysis ◽  
Recurrence Free Survival ◽  
Advanced Stage ◽  
Free Survival ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Analysis

To determine if the time-to-chemotherapy (TTC) after primary macroscopic complete cytoreductive surgery (CRS) influences recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). We conducted an observational multicenter retrospective cohort analysis of women with EOC treated from September 2006 to November 2016 in nine institutions in France (FRANCOGYN research group) with maintained EOC databases. We included women with EOC (all FIGO stages) who underwent primary complete macroscopic CRS prior to platinum-based adjuvant chemotherapy. Two hundred thirty-three patients were included: 73 (31.3%) in the early-stage group (ESG) (FIGO I-II), and 160 (68.7%) in the advanced-stage group (ASG) (FIGO III-IV). Median TTC was 43 days (36–56). The median OS was 77.2 months (65.9–106.6). OS was lower in the ASG when TTC exceeded 8 weeks (70.5 vs. 59.3 months, p = 0.04). No impact on OS was found when TTC was below or above 6 weeks (78.5 and 66.8 months, respectively, p = 0.25). In the whole population, TTC had no impact on RFS or OS. None of the factors studied were associated with an increase in TTC. Chemotherapy should be initiated as soon as possible after CRS. A TTC greater than 8 weeks is associated with poorer OS in patients with advanced stage EOC.

scholarly journals Phosphatase Regenerating Liver3 and ECadherin Expression in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer

2017 ◽  
pp. 170-175
Author(s):  
Risma Maharani ◽  
Syahrul Rauf ◽  
Rina Masadah
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Epithelial Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Teaching Hospitals ◽  
Advanced Stage ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
E Cadherin

Objective: To determine the expression of Phosphatase Regenerating Liver-3 (PRL-3) and E-Cadherin in the epithelial ovarian cancer on various stages and differentiation grades. Method: This was a cross-sectional study design conducted at Obstetrics and Gynecology Department of several teaching hospitals, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Hasanuddin from January to June 2015. The expression of PRL-3 and E-cadherin was assessed immunohistochemically in 40 patients with epithelial ovarian cancer including 15 patients in early stage and 25 patients in advanced stage. We used the Fisher’s exact test with the significance of p0.05). The significant difference was found in the expression of E-cadherin whereas the high expression was shown at early stage than advanced stage (p0.05). This study also pointed out no correlation between the expression of PRL-3 and E-cadherin in epithelial ovarian cancer (p>0.05). Conclusion: PRL-3 overexpression does not decrease E-cadherin expression in epithelial ovarian cancer. Keywords: E-cadherin, epithelial ovarian cancer, PRL-3

scholarly journals Preoperative Lymphocyte-to-monocyte Ratio and CA125 Level as Risk Factors for Advanced Ovarian Cancer

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Tang ◽  
Huiquan Hu ◽  
Yalan Tang ◽  
Fangxiang Tang ◽  
Dan Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Advanced Ovarian Cancer ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Advanced Stage ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Lymphocyte To Monocyte Ratio ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background: Detailed descriptions of the relationship between lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio alone and combined with CA125 (COLC) and advanced stage of ovarian cancer (OC) have been lacking to date. This study is to analyze the relationship between LMR, CA125 and COLC and advanced stage of OC.Methods: A retrospective clinicopathologic review was performed. The receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curves of LMR, CA125, and COLC staging OC were constructed. Furthermore, a binary logistic regression model was used to assay the independent risk factors.Results: A total of 225 patients with OC were identified in this cohort. Eighty-five patients with OC were diagnosed at an early stage, and 140 OC patients were diagnosed at an advanced stage. The median of LMR at the early stage was higher than the advanced stage (4.39 vs. 2.78), and the median of CA125 was lower than the advanced stage (80 U/mL vs. 251.25 U/mL). Multivariate logistic regression indicated that LMR (OR=0.314, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.143–0.687, P=0.004) and CA125 (OR=4.045, 95%CI: 1.883–8.692, P<0.001) were associated with OC staging. Furthermore, the area under the curve of COLC was higher than that of LMR (0.779 vs. 0.732) or CA125 (0.779 vs. 0.708) in staging OC. The specificity of COLC was higher than that of LMR (87.11% vs. 70.61%) or CA125 (87.11% vs. 61.21%) in staging OC.Conclusions: LMR alone or in combination with CA125 might be associated with OC staging. Besides, as a predictive factor, COLC may have high specificity in staging OC.

Impact of the Affordable Care Act on early-stage diagnosis and treatment for women with ovarian cancer.

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (18_suppl) ◽  
pp. LBA5563-LBA5563
Author(s):  
Anna Jo Smith ◽  
Amanda Nickels
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Affordable Care Act ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Stage At Diagnosis ◽  
Time To Treatment ◽  
Academic Center ◽  
Morbidity Score ◽  
Co Morbidity ◽  
The Affordable Care Act ◽  
The Impact

LBA5563 Background: The 2010 Affordable Care Act (ACA) expanded access to insurance and care for many Americans. Our objective was to evaluate the impact of the ACA on stage at diagnosis and time to treatment for women with ovarian cancer. Methods: We utilized a difference-in-differences (DD) approach to assess stage at diagnosis and time to treatment before and after the 2010 ACA among women with ovarian cancer ages 21-64 years compared to women ages 65 years and older. We used the National Cancer Database with the 2004-2009 surveys as the pre-reform years and the 2011-2014 surveys as the post-reform years. Outcomes were analyzed for women overall and by insurance type, adjusting for patient race, living in a rural area, area-level household income and education level, Charlson co-morbidity score, distance traveled for care, Census region, and care at an academic center. Results: A total of 35,842 ovarian cancer cases pre-reform and 37,145 post-reform were identified for women 21-64 years compared with 28,895 cases pre-reform and 30,604 post-reform for women 65 years and older. The ACA was associated with increased early-stage diagnosis for women 21-64 years compared to women 65 and older with ovarian cancer (DD=1.7%, p-for-trend=0.001). Additionally, the ACA was associated with more women receiving treatment within 30 days of ovarian cancer diagnosis (DD=1.6%, p<0.001). Specifically, among women with public insurance, the ACA was associated with a significant improvement in early-stage diagnosis and receipt of treatment within 30 days of diagnosis (DD=2.5%, p=0.003 and DD=2.5%, p=0.006). Improvements in stage at diagnosis and time to treatment were seen across race, income, and education groups. Conclusions: Under the Affordable Care Act, women with ovarian cancer were more likely to be diagnosed at an early stage and receive treatment within 30 days of diagnosis. As stage and treatment are major determinants of survival, these gains under the ACA may have long-term impacts on women with ovarian cancer.

scholarly journals The Serum Level of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) is Declined after Paclitaxel-Carboplatin Combined Chemotherapy Treatment on Epithelial Ovarian Cancer

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amelia Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Cell Differentiation ◽  
Serum Level ◽  
Epithelial Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Clinical Staging ◽  
Teaching Hospitals ◽  
Advanced Stage ◽  
Combined Chemotherapy ◽  
Differentiated Cells

Objective: To assess the effect of Paclitaxel-Carboplatin combination on epithelial ovarian cancer by studying the changes in VEGF serum levels after receiving 3 series of chemotherapy. Methods: This was a cohort study conducted at several teaching hospitals in Obstetrics and Gynecology Department of the Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University from April 2011 to March 2012. The subjects were patients with ovarian cancer who met the inclusion criteria and had undergone surgery. The clinical staging was determined with 2009 FIGO criteria. They went through histopathology examination to determine the histological type and cell differentiation of the lesion. They also went through combined chemotherapy of Paclitaxel and Carboplatin. The data were analyzed with paired t-test. Results: The study reveals that out of 30 cases of ovarian cancer who received a combination chemotherapy, most were < 45 years of age (53.33%), nulliparous (46.7%), serosum type (53.3%), with moderate differentiation (36.7%), and in advanced stage (73.3%). The VEGF serum level after 3 series of chemotherapy was lower than before (the average value: 294.67 vs 572.77 ng/ml). There was a significant change in VEGF serum level after receiving chemotherapy (p=0.000). The VEGF serum level of advanced-stage and early stage epithelial ovarian cancer after chemotherapy decreases significantly (p=0.000 and p=0.011). The advanced-stage cases showed more responses to chemotherapy than the early-stage did. There was a tendency that adenocarcinoma serosum type was more responsive to the therapy than mucinosum type (p=0.000 vs 0.003). Conclusion: There is no difference in VEGF serum level based on cell differentiation but there is a tendency that well and moderate differentiated cells have a greater change than the poor differentiated cells (p=0.003, p=0.003 vs p=0.019). [Indones J Obstet Gynecol 2012; 36-3: 135-9] Keywords: carboplatin, epithelial ovarian cancer, paclitaxel, VEGF

Practice patterns in post-treatment surveillance in patients with primary epithelial ovarian cancer

2020 ◽  
pp. ijgc-2020-001522
Author(s):  
Joseph DeMari ◽  
Monica Hagan Vetter ◽  
Shruthi Chandra ◽  
John L Hays ◽  
Ritu Salani
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Epithelial Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Practice Patterns ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Gynecologic Oncology ◽  
Complete Response ◽  
Response To Therapy ◽  
Primary Therapy ◽  
Advanced Stage

BackgroundThe Society of Gynecologic Oncology created guidelines to standardize cost-effective clinical surveillance for detection of recurrence of gynecologic cancers.ObjectiveTo determine practice patterns for surveillance of primary ovarian cancer after complete response to therapy and to identify the percentage of clinicians who follow the surveillance guidelines endorsed by the Society of Gynecologic Oncology.MethodsA single-institution retrospective cohort study was conducted including patients with epithelial ovarian cancer with a complete response to primary therapy between January 2012 and December 2016. Patients were excluded if they were participating in clinical trials that required routine imaging. Data on surveillance and recurrence were collected. Descriptive statistics as well as Fisher’s exact test and chi-square test were performed due to the exploratory nature of the study.ResultsA total of 184 patients met the inclusion criteria. Median follow-up for the cohort was 37 months (range 6–80). Surveillance was completed in compliance with Society of Gynecologic Oncology guidelines in 78% of patients. Of 39 visits that were non-compliant, 44% (17) were patient initiated (scheduling conflict, missed appointment), 15% (6) were due to the provider intentionally scheduling alternative follow-up, while 41% (16) were off schedule due to problem visits (patient complaint of symptoms). Patients with early-stage cancers were more likely than advanced-stage patients to be non-compliant (33% vs 15%, p=0.006). Patients with non-serous histologies had a higher frequency of non-compliance (31% vs 16%, p=0.035). When stratified by early versus advanced stage, there was no difference in progression-free survival or overall survival based on compliance.ConclusionsOverall, there was a relatively high rate of compliance with Society of Gynecologic Oncology surveillance guidelines for patients with epithelial ovarian cancer. Patients with non-serous histologies and patients with early-stage disease had a higher rate of non-compliance, and these patients may represent special groups that would benefit from additional survivorship education.

New approaches to cancer prevention—preventive medical examination of patients from the high-risk pre-cancer registry

2007 ◽  
Vol 25 (18_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1546-1546
Author(s):  
A. F. Lazarev ◽  
V. D. Petrova ◽  
T. V. Sinkina ◽  
S. A. Terekhova
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Cancer Prevention ◽  
Cancer Registry ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Precancerous Lesions ◽  
Diagnostic Procedures ◽  
Medical Examination ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Stage 1

1546 Background: Such methods of cancer prevention as checkup in rooms for seeing patients’ examination, mass prophylactic examination, screening tests, which are currently in use in Russian Federation, are able to provide detectability of malignancies no more than 0.1%. The research objective was to increase the effectiveness of cancer detection by means of forming of the high-risk pre-cancer registry. Methods: With the help of multivariative analysis the patients with the high risk of malignancies (80–100%) were selected for the high-risk pre-cancer registry. It included patients with obligatory precancerous lesions (531), victims of radiation catastrophes (1024), members of ‘cancer’ families (1833) and patients cured from polyneoplasia (386). All of them were examined, got diagnostic procedures, treatment and rehabilitation according to specially designed schemes. Results: All patients with obligatory precancerous lesions underwent surgery. In 2003–2006 among them there were 23 (4.3%) cases of cancer revealed - 22- in I stage, 1 - in IV stage. In the group of patients from cancer ‘families’ in 2003–2006 69 (3.8%) cases of cancer were revealed - 67 (97.2%) in I and II stages, 2 - in III stage. Among the victims of radiation catastrophes in 2003–2006 there were 28 (2.7%) cases of cancer revealed - 26 (92.8%) in I and II stages, 2 - in III stage. General detectability of cancers among the patients the high-risk pre-cancer registry was 3.2%, the share of early stage (I and II) cancers- 95.9%, cancers in III stage - 4.1%, and there was only 1 case of cancer in IV stage (1.1%) revealed. Besides 65 cases of cancer in situ were detected among the patients of the registry. Conclusions: Preventive medical examination of patients from the high-risk pre-cancer registry makes it possible to increase the effectiveness of detection of precancerous lesions and early cancers. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

The relationship between tumor size and stage in early versus advanced ovarian cancer: A retrospective chart review

2007 ◽  
Vol 25 (18_suppl) ◽  
pp. 5580-5580
Author(s):  
L. E. Horvath ◽  
T. Werner ◽  
K. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Chart Review ◽  
Advanced Disease ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Abdominal Cavity ◽  
Advanced Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Retrospective Chart Review ◽  
Advanced Stage ◽  
Early Stage Disease ◽  
Stage Disease

5580 Background: Ovarian cancer has a different prognosis between early (I and II) and advanced stage (III and IV). The mechanism of disease progression is unknown, but patients with advanced disease may have a higher propensity for seeding of the abdominal cavity early in the disease process than those with early stage. Theoretically if this is so, then patients with advanced stage should have smaller sized tumors than patients with early stage. Methods: This was a retrospective chart review of patients in the tumor registry in 2003 to 2006. Patients had epithelial ovarian cancer, other cell types were excluded. Only cases with documentation of surgical and pathologic staging and measured dimensions on pathologic specimen were included. Patient stage and all available dimensions measured on diseased ovaries were recorded. The dimensions for each patient were averaged into a single dimension for that patient, and then these measurements were totaled and averaged. Results: There were 110 patients analyzed: 85 with advanced disease, 25 with early stage. The average measurement was 4.8 cm in advanced disease, and was 10.7 cm in early stage disease. This difference was statistically significant (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Overall, patients with early stage ovarian cancer have diseased ovaries that are more than twice as large as those found in advanced disease. This finding supports the fact that early versus advanced ovarian cancer are 2 separate disease processes. Early stage grows locally and does not disseminate, and advanced stage disseminates while the tumor is still relatively small. Theoretically there may be a factor that separates these 2 into different diseases, where advanced disease patients have a substance produced by their tumor that allows for early dissemination, and early stage lacks this substance and only grows locally. Basic science research comparing the tissue microarrays of early versus advanced stage disease may be able to identify this difference. If the difference is found, perhaps therapy can be targeted against this difference. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

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