PNEUMOCYSTIS IN PATIENTS LIVING WITH HIV: EXPERIENCE OF THE INFECTIOUS DISEASES DEPARTMENT OF CHU MOHAMED VI-MARRAKECH

Pneumocystis is the most serious and common respiratory opportunistic infection after tuberculosis during HIV infection. To describe the epidemiological, clinical, therapeutic and evolutionary aspects of HIV-infected patients who presented with pneumocystis. Retrospective study of the records of 45 HIV-infected patients followed at the Department of Infectious Diseases of the CHU Mohamed VI and hospitalized for Pneumocystis jirovecii infection between January 2007 and March 2021. Out of 1286 HIV-infected patients followed at the department during the study period, 45 patients (3.5%) had pneumocystis. Pneumocystis was inaugural to HIV infection in 36 cases (80%). The predominance was male in 63% of cases (28 males to 17 females), with an average age of 35.5 years [16-64 years]. The mean TCD4 cell count was 74 cells/mm3 [0- 656 cells/mm3]. The mean LDH level was 874.89 IU/L. The clinical picture was marked by cough in 84% of cases and dyspnea in 64% of cases. The most frequent radiological signs were a diffuse interstitial syndrome in 84.4% of cases on chest X-ray and ground glass appearance in 63% of cases on chest CT. The diagnosis of pneumocystis was confirmed in 16 patients by the detection of Pneumocystis jIrovecii in sputum and BAL. All our patients were treated with Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole combination. Antiretroviral treatment was started in 32 patients, i.e. 71% of the patients, with a favorable evolution in 24 patients, i.e. 53%. Pneumocystis is a serious infection in immunocompromised patients especially PLHIV. In Morocco, it is still frequent during HIV infection and is one of the main causes of death.

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Estimation of dose and cancer risk to newborn from chest X-ray in South-South Nigeria: a call for protocol optimization

Egyptian Journal of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine ◽

10.1186/s43055-021-00445-w ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 52 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Akintayo Daniel Omojola ◽

Michael Onoriode Akpochafor ◽

Samuel Olaolu Adeneye ◽

Isiaka Olusola Akala ◽

Azuka Anthonio Agboje

Keyword(s):

Cancer Risk ◽

Age Groups ◽

Field Size ◽

Radiological Protection ◽

International Studies ◽

X Ray ◽

Thermoluminescent Dosimeters ◽

Chest X Ray ◽

Neonatal Patient ◽

The Mean

Abstract Background The use of X-ray as a diagnostic tool for complication and anomaly in the neonatal patient has been helpful, but the effect of radiation on newborn stands to increase their cancer risk. This study aims to determine the mean, 50th percentile (quartile 2 (Q2)), and 75th percentile (quartile 3 (Q3)) entrance surface dose (ESD) from anteroposterior (AP) chest X-ray and to compare our findings with other relevant studies. The study used calibrated thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLDs), which was positioned on the central axis of the patient. The encapsulated TLD chips were held to the patients’ body using paper tape. The mean kilovoltage peak (kVp) and milliampere seconds (mAs) used was 56.63(52–60) and 5.7 (5–6.3). The mean background TLD counts were subtracted from the exposed TLD counts and a calibration factor was applied to determine ESD. Results The mean ESDs of the newborn between 1 and 7, 8 and 14, 15 and 21, and 22 and 28 days were 1.09 ± 0.43, 1.15 ± 0.50, 1.19 ± 0.45, and 1.32 ± 0.47 mGy respectively. A one-way ANOVA test shows that there were no differences in the mean doses for the 4 age groups (P = 0.597). The 50th percentile for the 4 age groups was 1.07, 1.26, 1.09, and 1.29 mGy respectively, and 75th percentile were 1.41, 1.55, 1.55, and 1.69 mGy respectively. The mean effective dose (ED) in this study was 0.74 mSv, and the estimated cancer risk was 20.7 × 10−6. Conclusion ESD was primarily affected by the film-focus distance (FFD) and the patient field size. The ESD at 75th percentile and ED in this study was higher compared to other national and international studies. The estimated cancer risk to a newborn was below the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) limit for fatal childhood cancer (2.8 × 10−2Sv−1).

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Tuberculosis and HIV mortality in Russia

Tuberculosis and lung diseases ◽

10.21292/2075-1230-2020-98-6-15-21 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 98 (6) ◽

pp. 15-21

Author(s):

E. B. Tsybikovа ◽

I. M. Son ◽

A. V. Vlаdimirov

Keyword(s):

Mortality Rate ◽

Infectious Diseases ◽

Hiv Infection ◽

Causes Of Death ◽

Age Groups ◽

Young Age ◽

Federal State ◽

Statistical Monitoring ◽

Hiv Mortality ◽

Leading Position

The objective: to study changes in the structure of mortality from tuberculosis and HIV infection in Russia from 2000 to 2017.Subjects and methods. The data of the Federal State Statistics Service on the mortality of the Russian population from tuberculosis and HIV infection (standardized ratio per 100,000 population) for 2000-2017 were studied. Data on the structure of patients with TB/HIV co-infection were obtained from Form no. 61 of the federal statistical monitoring for 2017.Results. In Russia, there has been a steady decrease in the mortality rate from tuberculosis, the value of which in 2017 reached 5.9 per 100,000 people. At the same time, the average values of the mortality rate from tuberculosis have shifted towards the older age groups reaching maximum values in the age group of 45 years and older. On the contrary, the analysis of mortality from HIV infection (2006-2017) detected its unprecedented increase from 1.6 to 12.6 per 100,000 population. The maximum concentration of mortality from HIV infection was observed in young age groups (35-44 years old). The increase in mortality from HIV infection was accompanied by a change in the structure of mortality from infectious diseases: the proportion of tuberculosis decreased from 79.1% (2000) to 27.4% (2017), and the proportion of HIV infection increased from 0.1% ( 2000) to 57.2% (2017). Currently, in Russia, mortality from HIV infection in young age groups has taken a leading position in the structure of causes of death from infectious diseases, displacing mortality from tuberculosis.

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Comparison of granulomatosis with polyangiitis clinical features in patients depending of involvement or absence of kidney involvement

Current Rheumatology Reviews ◽

10.2174/1573397117666210726143757 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 17 ◽

Author(s):

Mateusz Puchala ◽

Andrzej Rydzewski ◽

Ilona Kowalik ◽

Małgorzata Wisłowska

Keyword(s):

Clinical Features ◽

Crescentic Glomerulonephritis ◽

Immunosuppressive Treatment ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

X Ray ◽

Small Vessels ◽

Kidney Involvement ◽

Chest X Ray ◽

The Mean

Background: GPA is a necrotizing inflammation of the small vessels with granulomas. Kidney involvement deteriorated its prognosis. Objective: Comparison of GPA patients with kidney (KI) and without kidney involvement (nKI). Material and methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study of 50 consecutive adult GPA patients, 25 KI from Nephrology and 25 nKI from Rheumatology Department of Central Clinical Hospital Ministry of Interior in Warsaw. We analyzed clinical features, organ involvement, laboratory, serological, imaging, histopathological data, BVAS, treatment. Results: The mean age of KI patients was statistically older then nKI (67.3±9.5 vs 55.1±15.9, p=0.002). Generalized, severe, resistance disease was observed respectively in 92% vs 44%, p<0.001. The number of red blood cells (3.47 vs 4.41T/l, p<0.001), hemoglobin (10.0 vs 12.9g/dl, p<0.001) was lower in KI, higher mean serum creatinine (3.95 vs. 0.89mg/dl, p<0.001), lower GFR (20.1 vs. 79.3, p<0.001), higher CRP (median: 43.4 vs 2.0mg/l, p<0.001), BVAS (16.6±4.4 vs 10.1±6.2, p<0.001), c-ANCA (median: 119.0 vs 15.2CU, p=0.017). Nodules in 28% KI, in 4% nKI (p=0.048) in chest X-ray, infiltration in 43.5% KI, in 15% nKI (p=0.042) in HRCT were observed. Skin granulomas were found in 61.5% nKI vs 18.2% KI, (p=0.047). Renal biopsy revealed in KI patients focal segmental glomerulonephritis in 11.8%, crescentic glomerulonephritis in 17.6%, pauci-immune crescentic glomerulonephritis in 70.6%. Conclusions: In patients with KI more frequently we found generalized, severe, resistant GPA, higher BVAS in comparison in patients without KI. The results of laboratory parameters, were worse in patients with KI. Aggressive immunosuppressive treatment is often used in KI group.

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Pneumocystis Jirovecii Pneumonia as A Cause of Acute Respiratory Failure In Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood.v116.21.4876.4876 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 116 (21) ◽

pp. 4876-4876

Author(s):

Mukta Kumar ◽

William Keough

Keyword(s):

Respiratory Failure ◽

Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽

Acute Respiratory Failure ◽

Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽

Pneumocystis Jirovecii ◽

Ground Glass ◽

Pneumocystis Jirovecii Pneumonia ◽

X Ray ◽

Chest X Ray ◽

The Uk

Abstract Abstract 4876 Pneumocystis jirovecii is an opportunistic pathogen responsible for severe pneumonia in immunocompromised patients. Management of this pneumonia remains a major challenge for all physicians caring for immunosuppressed patients. The prognosis of Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP) with acute respiratory failure is traditionally known to be poor. We report a case of PCP in a child with recently diagnosed childhood Precursor B cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL). Course was complicated with acute respiratory failure showing hypoxemia, respiratory failure requiring intubation and reduced compliance resembling ARDS. Our Patient, 8 weeks into chemotherapy for newly diagnosed ALL, presented with high grade fevers and poor activity. Patient was admitted 3 weeks prior for Bacillus cereus bacteremia. Additionally the patient had been on broad spectrum antibiotics on 2 occasions for febrile neutropenia episodes within the past 2 weeks. Patient had minimal respiratory symptoms at this presentation and recovered from pancytopenia at the time of this presentation. CT scans and chest x-ray (Figures 1 and 2) showed diffuse marked ground glass opacities with dependent consolidation in the lungs. On day 3 of admission, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was preformed and empiric trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole was initiated in addition to broad spectrum antibacterial, antifungal and antiviral medications. Within 24 hours, patient rapidly deteriorated with significant respiratory distress and hypoxemia requiring intubation. Clinical and radiologic findings were suggestive of ARDS. Patient required significant ventilatory support, fluid restriction, diuretics, and steroids. PCR testing of BAL fluid was reported as positive for Pneumocystis jirovecii. By hospital day 6 the patient was still requiring a fair amount of respiratory support. Corticosteroids had been added but concern amongst some members of the team surrounded possible lack of efficacy of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Review of published case reports suggested that addition of caspofungin provided salvage therapy in cases where trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole was believed to be suboptimal. Caspofungin was added to this patient's treatment. However, liver trans-aminases experienced a 2–3 fold increase within 72 hours after initiating caspofungin. Caspofungin was withdrawn but the patient's condition gradually improved and was extubated 7 days later. Also of note, there have been wide spread regional and national shortages of intravenous trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole preparations. We were forced to convert to oral therapy several days after extubation. The patient continued to improve and had no signs of complications or increased morbidity from this conversion; however, this was a continued concern during his treatment. A Pub Med review of the literature reveals very little failure of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole prophylaxis in the non-HIV immunocompromised population. Further, studies in Denmark, Italy, and the UK reveal that trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole prophylaxis in children with ALL also decreases the number of febrile and bacteremic incidents. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole also has advantages over other prophylactic choices against Pneumocystis jirovecii with fewer side effects such as methemoglobinemia induced by dapsone for example. Other studies from the UK, US, and Denmark stress that the early diagnosis and treatment with appropriate antimicrobials and possibly corticosteroids has a better outcome in this frequently fatal complication of immunosupressed patients. This case stresses the need for continued patient education regarding adherence to prophylactic regimens, early diagnosis and suspicion of opportunistic organisms such as Pneumocystis jirovecii, and prompt diagnosis and treatment of the same.Figure 1.Ground Glass Opacities on CT ChestFigure 1. Ground Glass Opacities on CT ChestFigure 2.Chest x-ray infiltratesFigure 2. Chest x-ray infiltrates Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

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OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS DIAGNOSED IN PATIENTS INFECTED WITH THE HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS (HIV) AT THE SERVICE OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES OF UHC (UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL CENTER) YALGADO OUÉDRAOGO, BURKINA FASO

10.36106/paripex/7006220 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-2

Author(s):

Savadogo M ◽

Diallo I ◽

Sondo K A

Keyword(s):

Infectious Diseases ◽

Hiv Infection ◽

Opportunistic Infection ◽

Antiretroviral Treatment ◽

Opportunistic Infections ◽

Sub Saharan Africa ◽

University Hospital ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Sub Saharan ◽

Living With Hiv

Introduction: Sub-Saharan Africa remains one of the regions most affected by HIV infection with severe lethality.Most deaths of patients living with HIV are caused by opportunistic infections. Objective: to determine the prevalence of opportunistic infections among patients living with HIV in hospital serving infectious diseases of UHC YO of Ouagadougou. Patients and Methods:This is a cross-sectional descriptive study covering a 14-month period from 1 January 2017 to 28 February 2018. Included were all HIV-positive patients, hospitalized at the service of Infectious Diseases, in which an opportunistic infection was diagnosed on the basis of clinical and/or para-clinical arguments. Results: During the study period a total of 55 patients living with HIV were hospitalized in the infectious disease unit,35 of whom had at least one opportunistic infection or 63.6% of the patients.The average age of patients was 37 years with extremes of 18 and 66 years.Twenty-two patients were female versus 13 male, a sex ratio = 0.59. HIV1 was involved in 97% of patients.The mean TCD4 lymphocyte rate was 156 cell/mm3 with extremes of 7 and 718 cell/mm3.Tuberculosis and digestive mycosis were the most frequently diagnosed opportunistic infections. Opportunistic infection was the circumstance for HIV testing in two patients.She revealed immune restoration syndrome in two other patients.Nineteen patients were already on antiretroviral treatment upon admission to the service.Half of the patients on treatment were in therapeutic failure.The evolution was marked by 26.5% lethality. Conclusion:The frequency of opportunistic infections is high in patients living with HIV.Their prevention requires early detection of HIV infection and antiretroviral treatment.

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Analysis of the causes of death in HIV-infected individuals in 2008-2010 according to the data of the clinical infectious diseases hospital named after S.P. Botkin, St. Petersburg

Kazan medical journal ◽

10.17816/kmj1884 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 93 (3) ◽

pp. 522-526 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

A G Rakhmanova ◽

A A Yakovlev ◽

M I Dmitrieva ◽

T N Vinogradova ◽

A A Kozlov

Keyword(s):

Infectious Diseases ◽

Hiv Infection ◽

Viral Hepatitis ◽

Causes Of Death ◽

Mortality Rates ◽

Chronic Viral Hepatitis ◽

Concomitant Disease ◽

Short Term ◽

Number Of Patients ◽

Short Term Mortality

Aim. To analyse the causes of death of individuals infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in the Clinical Infectious Diseases Hospital named after S.P. Botkin in 2008-2010 taking into account the timing of disease, comorbidities, and clinical and laboratory data. Methods. The study included 439 HIV-infected individuals, who died in the Clinical Infectious Diseases Hospital named after S.P. Botkin in 2008-2010. Two groups of patients were identified: deaths from HIV/AIDS (n=306) and from other diseases (n=133, HIV infection was considered to be a concomitant disease). In both groups, analyzed were the short-term mortality rates, the presence of drugs and/or alcohol dependency, and the main causes of death (according to autopsy results). Results. In the group of patients who died of HIV-infection/AIDS and who did not receive antiretroviral therapy, generalized tuberculosis was diagnosed most often (65.7% of cases). Other rare diseases were pneumocystis pneumonia, cryptococcosis, cerebral toxoplasmosis, generalized fungal infection, cerebral lymphoma, and cytomegalovirus infection. The most frequent causes of death in the group of patients whose HIV-infection was considered to be a concomitant diseases were chronic viral hepatitis in the cirrhotic stage (42.9%) and septic thromboendocarditis, which were mainly diagnosed in social maladjusted patients: patients with alcoholism or intravenous drugs users. During evaluation of the short-term mortality rates it was established that 21 to 29% of patients in different years died on the 1st-3rd day after admission, which was related to extremely severe conditions of the patients. In Russia, including St. Petersburg, an annual increase in the number of new cases of HIV infection and increased mortality are registered, which indicates the severity of the epidemic and makes it possible to predict the increase in the number of patients requiring hospital treatment. Conclusion. The main causes of death among HIV-infected individuals in 2008-2010 were generalized tuberculosis and chronic viral hepatitis in the stage of cirrhosis; the high index of short-term mortality among HIV-infected patients suggests the need for measures for early detection of HIV-positive individuals and their medical examination, as well as an increase in the number of beds in order to provide specialized care to HIV-infected individuals in St. Petersburg.

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Increased mRNA Expression of Key Cytokines Among Suspected Cases of Pneumocystis Jirovecii Infection

10.21203/rs.3.rs-49177/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Mohammad Y. Alshahrani ◽

Mohammed Alfaifi ◽

Mesfer Al Shahrani ◽

Abdulaziz S. Alshahrani ◽

Ali G. Alkhathami ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Weight Loss ◽

Mrna Expression ◽

Clinical Manifestations ◽

Pneumocystis Pneumonia ◽

Pneumocystis Jirovecii ◽

Rt Pcr ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

X Ray ◽

Night Sweats ◽

Chest X Ray

Abstract Background: Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) is a fatal infectious disease caused by Pneumocystis jirovecii (PJP). The major factor relevant to morbidity and mortality seems to be the host inflammatory reaction. The objective of this study was to evaluate the role of IL-2, IL-4, IL-10, and IL-13 cytokines mRNA expression among suspected P. jirovecii infection.Methods: This was a cross-sectional analytic study undertaken in Aseer region, Saudi Arabia. A 100 suspected PCP cases and a 100 healthy controls were included in the study. Basic clinical manifestations, radiological findings, microbiological and immunological findings were extracted from the hospital records from January 2019 to August 2019, Pneumocystis detection was done by the immune-fluorescent staining (IFAT, Gomorimethanamine silver staining (GMSS), Giemsa staining, Toluidine blue O (TBO), and Pneumocystis RT-PCR. Results: Increased more than 5 fold, 3 fold, 4 fold, and 7 fold of IL-2, IL-4, IL-10, and IL-13 mRNA expression were observed in PCP cases compared to control. Higher expression of IL-2 mRNA was connected with crept, wheezing and chest X-ray findings like central perihilar infiltrates, patchy infiltrates, consolidation, hilar lymphadenopathy, pneumothorax, pleural effusion which showed higher expression compared to counterpart (p<0.0001). Higher expression of IL-4 mRNA was found to be significantly associated with the weight loss (p=0.002), dyspnea (p=0.003), crept (p=0.01), and chest X-ray findings (p<0.0001). Significantly increased expression of IL-10 mRNA was observed to be associated with weight loss, dyspnea, night sweats, wheezing, and different findings of chest X-ray compared to their counterparts, whereas, IL-13 mRNA was observed with cases with fever. Suspected cases of PCP confirmed positive by IFTA with higher IL-2, IL-4 and IL-10 mRNA expression compared to negative cases. RT-PCR confirmed PCP cases had significantly higher expression of IL-2, IL-4 and IL-10 as well as IL-13 mRNA compared to negative cases. Positive detected cases by GMSS showed higher IL-2, IL-10 mRNA expression, while Giemsa showed only higher IL-4 mRNA expression compared to negatives cases. Conclusion: Confirmed cases of P. jirovecii showed higher IL-2, IL-4, IL-10, and IL-13 mRNA expression comparatively to negative cases. Increased expression of cytokines may be indicative of infection severity and could help in patients’ management.

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A Transfer Learning Method for Pneumonia Classification and Visualization

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app10082908 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (8) ◽

pp. 2908 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Juan Luján-García ◽

Cornelio Yáñez-Márquez ◽

Yenny Villuendas-Rey ◽

Oscar Camacho-Nieto

Keyword(s):

Transfer Learning ◽

Causes Of Death ◽

State Of The Art ◽

Machine Learning Algorithms ◽

Learning Method ◽

X Ray ◽

Chest X Ray ◽

Aided Diagnosis ◽

Positive Results

Pneumonia is an infectious disease that affects the lungs and is one of the principal causes of death in children under five years old. The Chest X-ray images technique is one of the most used for diagnosing pneumonia. Several Machine Learning algorithms have been successfully used in order to provide computer-aided diagnosis by automatic classification of medical images. For its remarkable results, the Convolutional Neural Networks (models based on Deep Learning) that are widely used in Computer Vision tasks, such as classification of injuries and brain abnormalities, among others, stand out. In this paper, we present a transfer learning method that automatically classifies between 3883 chest X-ray images characterized as depicting pneumonia and 1349 labeled as normal. The proposed method uses the Xception Network pre-trained weights on ImageNet as an initialization. Our model is competitive with respect to state-of-the-art proposals. To make comparisons with other models, we have used four well-known performance measures, obtaining the following results: precision (0.84), recall (0.99), F1-score (0.91) and area under the ROC curve (0.97). These positive results allow us to consider our proposal as an alternative that can be useful in countries with a lack of equipment and specialized radiologists.

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Brixia Chest X-ray Scoring System in Critically Ill Patients with COVID-19 Pneumonia for Determining Outcomes

JOURNAL FOR CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC RESEARCH ◽

10.7860/jcdr/2021/48844.15197 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Nishant Agrawal ◽

Samruddhi Dhanaji Chougale ◽

Prashant Jedge ◽

Shivakumar Iyer ◽

John Dsouza

Keyword(s):

Scoring System ◽

Early Stage ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Categorical Variables ◽

P Value ◽

Care Hospital ◽

X Ray ◽

Lung Abnormalities ◽

Chest X Ray ◽

The Mean

Introduction: In early stage of disease of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection chest Computed Tomography (CT) imaging is considered as the most effective method for detecting lung abnormalities. A Brixia Chest X-ray (CXR) scoring system which uses an 18-point severity scale to grade lung abnormalities due to COVID-19 was developed to improve the risk stratification for infected patients. Aim: To ascertain the validity of Brixia scoring system and to measure the outcome in COVID-19 patients. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study was conducted from 1st April 2020 to 31st July 2020, at a tertiary care hospital in India. Baseline CXR of COVID-19 patients were scored based on Brixia scoring system. The lungs were divided into six equal zones. Subsequently, scores (from 0-3) were assigned to each zone, based on lung abnormalities. A group comparison was implemented using Chi-Square test for categorical variables. Whereas an independent t-test was applied for continuous variables that followed normal distribution. Results: The study included 130 patients. The mean age was 57.09±13.73 years, 70.8% patients included were males. Out of 130 patients, 79 patients died. Among patients who died the mean CXR score was calculated to be 12.13±2.50. The mean CXR score was calculated to be 11.18±2.30 in patients who recovered and got discharged. During the process of comparison of CXR scores with the outcomes, the t-value came out to be 2.20 and the resulting p-value was 0.03 (statistically significant). Conclusion: Brixia score more than 12 was associated with increased mortality due to COVID-19, with p-value of 0.03.

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Outcomes in patients of pulmonary tuberculosis treated under RNTCP & follow up after 6 months

The Journal of Community Health Management ◽

10.18231/j.jchm.2021.042 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 8 (4) ◽

pp. 196-201

Author(s):

Sonisha Gupta ◽

Ankur Porwal ◽

Atul Kumar Gupta

Keyword(s):

Causes Of Death ◽

Infectious Agent ◽

Hiv Positive ◽

X Ray ◽

Medical College ◽

Mdr Tb ◽

Chest X Ray ◽

Lost To Follow Up ◽

Destroyed Lung

Tuberculosis (TB) is, one of the top 10 causes of death worldwide and the leading cause of death from a single infectious agent.This Prospective study was conducted at Santosh medical college Ghaziabad from 1 April 2018 to 30 September 2019. All diagnosed PTB patients above 12yrs were taken. Patients with EPTB, HIV positive, MDR TB, XDR TB were excluded from the study. At the end of study treatment outcome was evaluated.Total of 208 patients diagnosed as tuberculosis were enrolled in the study. 6 patients died during course of study, 10 were treatment failure, 4 were lost to follow-up, 3 transferred out & 1 shifted to private treatment. 184 patients completed treatment successfully. Out of 184, only 152 patients were available for interview at 6 months follow up after completion of treatment. 19 could not be traced, 11 patients refused and 2 died. Out of 152, 110 were asymptomatic, 1 relapsed & rest 41 patients were symptomatic. All symptomatic patients were subjected to Chest X-Ray. Fibrosis was seen on CXR of 30 patients, bronchiectasis was seen in 3 patients, 1 patient had destroyed lung, nothing abnormal detected in 7 patients.Even after successful treatment under RNTCP, these patients need to be followed up as many of them relapse or suffer from sequelae of tuberculosis.

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