scholarly journals Flowering gene expression in Indonesian long harvest black rice (Oryza sativa L. ‘Cempo Ireng’)

2019 ◽  
pp. 874-880 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yekti Asih Purwestri ◽  
Febri Adi Susanto ◽  
Anisa Nazera Fauzia
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Rna Isolation ◽  
Tropical Region ◽  
Black Rice ◽  
Cdna Synthesis ◽  
Human Diet ◽  
Flowering Genes ◽  
The Common ◽  
Great Potency

Many studies have reported the great potency of black rice as functional food for human diet. Cempo Ireng is one of Indonesian black rice cultivars with the highest content of anthocyanin. However, it also suffers from long harvest period. This experiment aims at investigating the behavior of the flowering genes in order to gain basic information to develop this cultivar. We sampled the leaves’ blades of Black Rice ‘Cempo Ireng’ at 48, 55, 68, 81, and 90 DAP then performed RNA isolation and cDNA synthesis, amplification of targeted flowering genes, and a semi-quantitative analysis to see the expression of flowering genes. Our results showed that the flowering genes Hd3a and RFT1 were redundantly up-regulated to induce flowering in black rice Cempo Ireng under a neutral day condition in a tropical region. We also noted that the patterns of FT-like genes and flowering regulatory genes including FT-L5, FT-L6, FT-L9, FT-L10 and Hd1, OsCOL4 were expressed together with two major flowering genes. FT-like genes were temporally co-expressed with two flowering genes Hd3a and RFT1, whereas the Hd1 had a unique expression pattern. Meanwhile, OsCOL4 as the flowering repressor was only detected in the early stage when the flowering gene Hd3a began to express. The results suggest that black rice Cempo Ireng has similar and conserved flowering pathway under a neutral day condition as indicated in the common rice flowering models.

scholarly journals Subcellular Localization and Vesicular Structures of Anthocyanin Pigmentation by Fluorescence Imaging of Black Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Stigma Protoplast

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 685
Author(s):  
Enerand Mackon ◽  
Yafei Ma ◽  
Guibeline Charlie Jeazet Dongho Epse Mackon ◽  
Qiufeng Li ◽  
Qiong Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Subcellular Localization ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Brown Rice ◽  
The Body ◽  
Central Vacuole ◽  
In Planta ◽  
Black Rice

Anthocyanins belong to the group of flavonoid compounds broadly distributed in plant species responsible for attractive colors. In black rice (Oryza sativa L.), they are present in the stems, leaves, stigmas, and caryopsis. However, there is still no scientific evidence supporting the existence of compartmentalization and trafficking of anthocyanin inside the cells. In the current study, we took advantage of autofluorescence with anthocyanin’s unique excitation/emission properties to elucidate the subcellular localization of anthocyanin and report on the in planta characterization of anthocyanin prevacuolar vesicles (APV) and anthocyanic vacuolar inclusion (AVI) structure. Protoplasts were isolated from the stigma of black and brown rice and imaging using a confocal microscope. Our result showed the fluorescence displaying magenta color in purple stigma and no fluorescence in white stigma when excitation was provided by a helium–neon 552 nm and emission long pass 610–670 nm laser. The fluorescence was distributed throughout the cell, mainly in the central vacuole. Fluorescent images revealed two pools of anthocyanin inside the cells. The diffuse pools were largely found inside the vacuole lumen, while the body structures could be observed mostly inside the cytoplasm (APV) and slightly inside the vacuole (AVI) with different shapes, sizes, and color intensity. Based on their sizes, AVI could be grouped into small (Ф < 0.5 um), middle (Ф between 0.5 and 1 um), and large size (Ф > 1 um). Together, these results provided evidence about the sequestration and trafficking of anthocyanin from the cytoplasm to the central vacuole and the existence of different transport mechanisms of anthocyanin. Our results suggest that stigma cells are an excellent system for in vivo studying of anthocyanin in rice and provide a good foundation for understanding anthocyanin metabolism in plants, sequestration, and trafficking in black rice.

scholarly journals Co-Microencapsulated Black Rice Anthocyanins and Lactic Acid Bacteria: Evidence on Powders Profile and In Vitro Digestion

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (9) ◽  
pp. 2579
Author(s):  
Carmen-Alina Bolea ◽  
Mihaela Cotârleț ◽  
Elena Enachi ◽  
Vasilica Barbu ◽  
Nicoleta Stănciuc
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Milk Proteins ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Black Rice

Two multi-functional powders, in terms of anthocyanins from black rice (Oryza sativa L.) and lactic acid bacteria (Lactobacillus paracasei, L. casei 431®) were obtained through co-microencapsulation into a biopolymer matrix composed of milk proteins and inulin. Two extracts were obtained using black rice flour as a raw material and hot water and ethanol as solvents. Both powders (called P1 for aqueous extract and P2 for ethanolic extract) proved to be rich sources of valuable bioactives, with microencapsulation efficiency up to 80%, both for anthocyanins and lactic acid bacteria. A higher content of anthocyanins was found in P1, of 102.91 ± 1.83 mg cyanindin-3-O-glucoside (C3G)/g dry weight (DW) when compared with only 27.60 ± 17.36 mg C3G/g DW in P2. The morphological analysis revealed the presence of large, thin, and fragile structures, with different sizes. A different pattern of gastric digestion was observed, with a highly protective effect of the matrix in P1 and a maximum decrease in anthocyanins of approximatively 44% in P2. In intestinal juice, the anthocyanins decreased significantly in P2, reaching a maximum of 97% at the end of digestion; whereas in P1, more than 45% from the initial anthocyanins content remained in the microparticles. Overall, the short-term storage stability test revealed a release of bioactive from P2 and a decrease in P1. The viable cells of lactic acid bacteria after 21 days of storage reached 7 log colony forming units (CFU)/g DW.

scholarly journals Response of black rice (Oryza sativa L Indica.) to organic fertilizer and seedling number on grain yield, amylum, antioxidant, and thiamin hydrochloride contents

2018 ◽  
Vol 192 ◽  
pp. 03032
Author(s):  
Okti Herliana ◽  
A. H. Saeful Anwar ◽  
Ida Widiyawati
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Thiamine Hydrochloride ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Black Rice ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Combination Treatments ◽  
Main Plot

This study aimed to investigate the influence of organic fertilizers and seedling numbers each holes of black rice on yield, antioxidant, amylum, and thiamin hydroclorine contents, and to observe the interaction effect between types of organic fertilizers and seedling numbers each hole planting. This study was conducted on rice field in Karanglewas Kidul Village, Karanglewas, Banyumas Regency, Central Java from April until September 2016. The location altitude in this study for about 93 meters above the sea level. The study was arranged by Split Plot Design by the main plot consist with three types of organic fertilizers that was chicken, goat, and cow manures, and the sub plot was consists by seedling number were, three, two, and one seedling by each holes, with three replicates of each combination treatments. The result showed that chicken manure treatment provide the best influences on grain weight per hectare by 5.154 tons, amylum content by 33.86%, anthocyanin content by 275.40 ppm, and Thiamin hydrocloride content by 0.056 mg/10g. The three seedling each hole provide the best influences on amylum content by 33.78%, anthocyanin content by 275.18 ppm, and thiamine hydrochloride content by 0.058 mg/10g.

scholarly journals Agrobacterium Tumefaciens Mediated Transformation of rolC::Hd3a-GFP in Black Rice (Oryza Sativa L. cv. Cempo Ireng) to Promote Early Flowering

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 469-473 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yekti Asih Purwestri ◽  
Resta Dewi Komala Sari ◽  
Lisa Novita Anggraeni ◽  
Aries Bagus Sasongko
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Agrobacterium Tumefaciens ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Early Flowering ◽  
Black Rice

scholarly journals PENGARUH KOTORAN AYAM DAN PACLOBUTRAZOL TERHADAP JUMLAH ANAKAN DAN TINGGI BATANG PADI HITAM (Oryza sativa L.) KABUPATEN TAPANULI SELATAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Romaya Sitha Silitonga ◽  
Jumaria Nasution
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Rice Plant ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Vitamin B1 ◽  
Brown Rice ◽  
Tiller Number ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Black Rice ◽  
Randomized Block Design

ABSTRACT Black rice is very potential to be expanded because the content of anthocyanin, vitamin B1, and vitamin E black rice is higher than brown rice or white rice. At present, black rice producers are in Java, whereas in Sumatra, South Tapanuli District, Angkola Sub-District is a new type of black rice for rice farmers, so it is necessary to introduce and cultivate. The aims of the research was to determine the effect of chicken manure and paclobutrazol concentration on the tiller number and stems height of the rice plant in Batang Angkola District, South Tapanuli. This research method used was Randomized Block Design Factorial with two factors. The first factor was application of chicken manure (C) with dosage 0 g/pot 3 g/pot (C1), 6 g/pot (C2) and 9 g/pot (P3). The second factor was application paklobutrazol (P) with concentrations of 0 ppm (P0), 25 ppm (P1), 50 ppm (P2) and 75 ppm (P3). Statistical analysis used Anova 5%. If there is a difference followed by DMRT. The result showed that application of chicken manure at 9 g/pot (C3) and paclobutrazol 75 ppm (P3) were produce more tiller number and able to decrease height of black rice plant. Key words : Black Rice, Chicken manure, Paklobutrazol, South Tapanuli District, Tiller number, ABSTRAK Padi hitam sangat potensial dikembangkan karena kandungan antosianin, vitamin B1, dan vitamin E padi hitam lebih tinggi dari beras merah maupun beras putih. Adapun daerah penghasil beras hitam saat ini masih terdapat di daerah-daerah Pulau Jawa, sementara di Pulau Sumatera, khususnya di Kabupaten Tapanuli Selatan, Kecamatan Batang Angkola beras hitam masih tergolong tanaman padi jenis baru bagi para petani beras sehingga perlu dilakukan upaya perkenalan dan budidaya di daerah ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh konsentrasi kotoran ayam dan paclobutrazol terhadap jumlah anakan dan tinggi batang padi hitam yang tumbuh di Kecamatan Batang Angkola, Tapanuli Selatan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok Faktorial dengan 2 faktor. Faktor pertama, aplikasi Kotoran ayam (C) dengan dosis 0 g/pot (C0), 3 g/pot (C1), 6 g/pot (C2) dan 9 g/pot. Faktor kedua, paklobutrazol (P) dengan konsentrasi 0 ppm (P0), 25 ppm (P1), 50 ppm (P2) dan 75 ppm (P3). Data dianalisis menggunakan statistik analisis variansi pada taraf kesalahan 5%. Apabila ada beda nyata dilanjutkan dengan DMRT. Hasil penelitian aplikasi Kotoran ayam 9 g/pot (C3) dan paclobutrazol 75 ppm (P3) menghasilkan jumlah anakan lebih banyak dan dapat menekan pertumbuhan tinggi batang padi hitam yang ditanam. Kata Kunci : Jumlah anakan, Kabupaten Tapanuli Selatan, Kotoran Ayam, Paclobutrazol, Padi hitam.

scholarly journals ASSOCIATIONS OF BLOOD GROUPS ANTIGENS OF AB0 AND RHESUS SYSTEMS WITH THE DEVELOPMENT OF CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE, GLOMERULONEPHRITIS

2014 ◽  
pp. 35-43
Author(s):  
V. Kaminskyy ◽  
L. Kovalchuk
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Relative Risk ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Blood Groups ◽  
Sex Dimorphism ◽  
Risk Of Disease ◽  
The Common ◽  
High Chance ◽  
Healthy Persons

Introduction. Finding of biological markers of genetic predisposition to the formation of glomerulonephritis (GN) will promote prediction the probability of its development still at an early stage and provide the growth of preventive direction of medicine. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the risk of GN development by antigens of AB0 and rhesus (Rh) blood groups. Materials and methods. The study included 434patients with GN(242M, 192F, aged 37.56 ± 13.01y). 1428 healthy persons was surveyed to determine the distribution of phenotypes of AB0 and Rh blood groups in the population. Results. The total value of the relative risk of GN development in all Rh–negative carriers ABprevailed by 2.34 times in the same Rh–positive. The total value of the relative risk of disease appearance in Rh–negative individuals prevailed in the same Rh–positive according to gender: in men with A and AB – 6.43 and 4.16 times, respectively, in women with B and AB – 9.34 and 2.15 times, respectively. In all patients, the common feature was a high chance of getting sick by GN in carriers phenotype AB Rh– versus 0 Rh–. Conclusions. The sex dimorphism of hereditary predisposition markers for GN is proved: men with phenotypes A Rh– and AB Rh–, women with B Rh–, AB Rh– and AB Rh+ have high risk to be ill. The persons of both sexes with phenotype 0 Rh–, as well as men with B Rh– and women with A Rh– and B Rh+ may be resistant to disease.

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