scholarly journals Relevance of ultrasound neonatal screening of the urinary system

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 68-72
Author(s):  
O. Dobrovanov ◽  
K. Kralinsky ◽  
J. Molcan ◽  
V. P. Kovalchuk
Keyword(s):  
Prenatal Diagnosis ◽  
Medical Information ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Slovak Republic ◽  
Obstructive Uropathy ◽  
Ultrasound Screening ◽  
Urinary System ◽  
The Third ◽  
Sonographic Screening ◽  
Medical University

The results of diagnostics of obstructive uropathies and some other congenital changes in the kidneys, which were obtained using neonatal sonographic screening for 2018 in the neonatal unit of the Third Children’s Clinic of the Slovak Medical University, are presented. The results of thisstudy were compared with statistical data from the National Centerfor Medical Information of Slovakia for 2017–2018. The disadvantages of prenatal diagnosis in different regions of the Slovak Republic, as well as some administrative disadvantages of neonatal ultrasound screening at the present time, are shown. The importance of early diagnosis of obstructive uropathy is also shown.

scholarly journals EFFICACY AND SENSITIVITY OF PRENATAL AND POSTNATAL ULTRASOUND SCREENING OF CONGENITAL DEVELOPMENTAL ANOMALIES OF KIDNEYS IN SLOVAKIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 450-454
Author(s):  
Oleksandr Ye. Dobrovanov
Keyword(s):  
Prenatal Diagnosis ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Slovak Republic ◽  
Congenital Defects ◽  
Ultrasound Screening ◽  
Urinary System ◽  
Developmental Anomalies ◽  
Sonographic Screening ◽  
Low Sensitivity ◽  
Developmental Malformations

The aim: To compare the effectiveness and sensitivity of prenatal and postnatal diagnostics in the diagnosis of congenital malformations of the urinary system in the Slovak Republic. Materials and methods: Data of postnatal sonographic screening of congenital developmental malformations of the urinary system in Slovak Republic including 2017 were identified and updated using a questionnaire survey, 38,496 newborns were involved. Statistical data on the proportion of prenatal diagnosis for the years 1995, 2000, 2005, 2008 and 2013-2016 were provided from the National Register of Congenital Defects. The chi2-test and t-test were applied to assess the sensitivity differences. Results: The study showed a low sensitivity of prenatal diagnosis with its maximum in 2016, reaching 32.3% and a minimum in 2005-2008 (8.0 – 8.4%). The sensitivity of postnatal diagnostics for selected years has always been a stable indicator and reaches 99.6%. Conclusions: Available statistical data confirm that prenatal diagnostics of congenital developmental malformations of the urinary system in the Slovak Republic is not perfect. Our work underlines the importance, or we should rather say inevitability of postnatal ultrasound screening for congenital developmental anomalies in the kidneys.

scholarly journals Possibilities of using postnatal ultrasound screening of the uropoietic tract

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-42
Author(s):  
Kateryna Dmytriieva ◽  
Dmytro Dmytriiev
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Neonatal Period ◽  
Slovak Republic ◽  
Obstructive Uropathy ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Ultrasound Screening ◽  
Normal Functioning ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Tract Infections

The article provides information on the possibilities of using postnatal ultrasound screening of the uropoietic tract illustrated by the results of using this method in the Slovak Republic. Its main task is to identify malformations of the uropoietic system that were not diagnosed during prenatal diagnosis. The most clinically significant malformations of the kidneys are associated with impaired urine flow (obstructive uropathy). Patients with these malformations often require surgical intervention in the neonatal period or in early childhood. Early diagnosis and timely correction of obstructive uropathy allows maintaining the normal functioning and morphological integrity of the kidneys, preventing the development of chronic kidney disease, improving the quality and life expectancy of patients. Thus, the costs of screening research are incommensurate with the consequences of an untimely diagnosed pathology and the treatment of complications such as chronic kidney disease, kidney failure, recurrent urinary tract infections (antibiotic therapy, hemodialysis, etc.).

IMPLEMENTATION OF ELECTRONIC MONITORING OF SENTENCED PERSONS IN THE SLOVAK REPUBLIC

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 59-75
Author(s):  
JAROSLAV KLÁTIK ◽  
◽  
LIBOR KLIMEK
Keyword(s):  
Restorative Justice ◽  
Electronic Monitoring ◽  
Slovak Republic ◽  
Pilot Project ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
European Level ◽  
Criminal Proceedings ◽  
Council Of Europe ◽  
Fourth Section ◽  
The Third

The work deals with implementation of electronic monitoring of sentenced persons in the Slovak Republic. It is divided into eight sections. The first section introduces restorative justice as a prerequisite of electronic monitoring in criminal proceedings. While the second section points out at the absence of legal regulation of electronic monitoring of sentenced persons at European level, the third section points out at recommendations of the Council of Europe addressed to European States. The fourth section analyses relevant alternative punishments in Slovak criminal justice. The fifth section introduces early beginnings of implementation of concerned system - the pilot project “Electronic Personnel Monitoring System” of the Ministry of Justice of the Slovak Republic. While the sixth section is focused on Slovak national law regulating electronic monitoring of sentenced persons - the Act No. 78/2015 Coll. on Control of the Enforcement of Certain Decisions by Technical Instruments, the seventh section is focused on further amendments of Slovak national law - namely the Act No. 321/2018 Coll. and the Act No. 214/2019 Coll. The last eight section introduces costs of system implementation and its operation.

Experience of prenatal diagnosis of true knots of the umbilical cord during ultrasound examination in the third trimester of gestation

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.Y. Morozova, V.V. Zotov, M.S. Kovalenko et all
Keyword(s):  
Prenatal Diagnosis ◽  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Ultrasound Examination ◽  
Technological Advance ◽  
Prenatal Ultrasound ◽  
Ultrasound Diagnosis ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
The Third

Despite the rapid technological advance, the expansion of prenatal ultrasound diagnosis, as well as the accumulation of experience by both domestic and foreign experts, prenatal recognition of true knots of the umbilical cord causes significant difficulties. Three cases of successful ultrasound diagnosis of true knots of the umbilical cord and brief review of the literature are presented.

Problems on prenatal diagnosis of kidneys duplication in the embryogenesis view

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.N. Osadshaya, O.A. Grammatikova, E.D. Lutaya et all
Keyword(s):  
Prenatal Diagnosis ◽  
System Development ◽  
Pathological Process ◽  
Urinary System

In this article we consider the most crucial stages of the embryology of the urinary system, which help to explain the mechanisms of duplication of the kidneys (complete/incomplete) and other forms of the urinary system development abnormalities. We report on our experience with the prenatal diagnosis of duplication of the kidneys in two fetuses. These cases represent dynamics and variability of the pathological process.

scholarly journals An Analysis of Existing Production Frameworks for Statistical and Geographic Information: Synergies, Gaps and Integration

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 374
Author(s):  
Francisco Javier Ariza-López ◽  
Antonio Rodríguez-Pascual ◽  
Francisco J. Lopez-Pellicer ◽  
Luis M. Vilches-Blázquez ◽  
Agustín Villar-Iglesias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Data ◽  
Process Model ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Public Agencies ◽  
Quality Model ◽  
Statistical Process ◽  
The Third ◽  
Spatial Data Quality ◽  
Statistical Area

The production of official statistical and geospatial data is often in the hands of highly specialized public agencies that have traditionally followed their own paths and established their own production frameworks. In this article, we present the main frameworks of these two areas and focus on the possibility and need to achieve a better integration between them through the interoperability of systems, processes, and data. The statistical area is well led and has well-defined frameworks. The geospatial area does not have clear leadership and the large number of standards establish a framework that is not always obvious. On the other hand, the lack of a general and common legal framework is also highlighted. Additionally, three examples are offered: the first is the application of the spatial data quality model to the case of statistical data, the second of the application of the statistical process model to the geospatial case, and the third is the use of linked geospatial and statistical data. These examples demonstrate the possibility of transferring experiences/advances from one area to another. In this way, we emphasize the conceptual proximity of these two areas, highlighting synergies, gaps, and potential integration.

scholarly journals Assessment of Dietary Habits, Physical Activity and Lifestyle in Medical University Students

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 3572
Author(s):  
Lavinia-Maria Pop ◽  
Magdalena Iorga ◽  
Iulia-Diana Muraru ◽  
Florin-Dumitru Petrariu
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Healthy Life ◽  
Related Data ◽  
The Third ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Medical University ◽  
Busy Schedule

A busy schedule and demanding tasks challenge medical students to adjust their lifestyle and dietary habits. The aim of this study was to identify dietary habits and health-related behaviours among students. A number of 403 students (80.40% female, aged M = 21.21 ± 4.56) enrolled in a medical university provided answers to a questionnaire constructed especially for this research, which was divided into three parts: the first part collected socio-demographic, anthropometric, and medical data; the second part inquired about dietary habits, lifestyle, sleep, physical activity, water intake, and use of alcohol and cigarettes; and the third part collected information about nutrition-related data and the consumption of fruit, vegetables, meat, eggs, fish, and sweets. Data were analysed using SPSS v24. Students usually slept M = 6.71 ± 1.52 h/day, and one-third had self-imposed diet restrictions to control their weight. For both genders, the most important meal was lunch, and one-third of students had breakfast each morning. On average, the students consumed 1.64 ± 0.88 l of water per day and had 220 min of physical activity per week. Data about the consumption of fruit, vegetables, meat, eggs, fish, sweets, fast food, coffee, tea, alcohol, or carbohydrate drinks were presented. The results of our study proved that medical students have knowledge about how to maintain a healthy life and they practice it, which is important for their subsequent professional life.

scholarly journals Platelet counts during pregnancy in Chinese women

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Li-Xia Zhang ◽  
Ning Dong ◽  
Rui-Xia Yang ◽  
Ang Li ◽  
Xuan-Mei Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Women ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Bleeding Events ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Platelet Counts ◽  
The Third ◽  
Uncomplicated Pregnancy ◽  
Gestational Thrombocytopenia ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Medical University

AbstractObjectivesGestational thrombocytopenia (GT) is the most common cause of thrombocytopenia during pregnancy. However, the occurrence and severity of thrombocytopenia throughout pregnancy in Chinese women are not fully defined.MethodsWe analyzed platelet counts in Chinese women who received prenatal care and/or delivered at the First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University between January 2, 2018 and July 19, 2018 in China. These platelet counts were compared with those of nonpregnant women in the same study period.ResultsThe platelet counts of all women continued to decrease significantly each trimester (p < 0.0001). The mean platelet counts of the 818 women who had pregnancy-related complications were lower than those of the 796 women who had uncomplicated pregnancies during the third trimester (p = 0.047). At the time of delivery, platelet counts less than 150 × 109/L were more common in women with pregnancy-related complications than in women with uncomplicated pregnancy (26.7% vs. 19.7%, p = 0.03).ConclusionsPlatelet counts decrease throughout pregnancy in Chinese women and platelet counts less than 150 × 109/L were more common in women with pregnancy-related complications than in women with uncomplicated pregnancy. The pregnant women should be paid more attention for thrombocytopenia to avoid the occurrence of bleeding events.

scholarly journals The occurrence rate and clinical application of Osteo-line on the femur neck

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingchen Zou ◽  
Haotian Wu ◽  
Shuangquan Yao ◽  
Dong Ren ◽  
Song Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Application ◽  
Visual Inspection ◽  
Occurrence Rate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Leg Length ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The Third ◽  
Femur Neck ◽  
Medical University ◽  
Experimental Group

Abstract Background This study was done to observe the incidence of Osteo-line on the femur neck and to explore the clinical application of Osteo-line in osteotomy. Methods Eighty-nine adult femur specimens were selected to observe the incidence of Osteo-line on the femur neck. From August 2015 to January 2019, a total of 278 patients who completed unilateral hip arthroplasty at the Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University were retrospectively included. Patients who accepted osteotomy via Osteo-line on the femur neck were defined as the experimental group (n = 139), and patients who accepted osteotomy via traditional method (The femoral distance 1.5 cm above the trochanter was retained for osteotomy by visual inspection.) were defined as the control group (n = 139). According to the postoperative pelvic X-ray, Photoshop was used to evaluate the leg length discrepancy (LLD) by the CFR-T-LT method. Results Among the 89 specimens, the incidence of anterior Osteo-line was 75.28%, and the incidence of posterior Osteo-line was 100%. According to the clinical application results, the incidence of anterior Osteo-line on the femur neck was 80%, and the incidence of posterior Osteo-line was 100%. The Osteo-line was clearer than those on the femoral specimens. Twenty-six cases had LLD greater than 1 cm (9.29%), including 2 cases in the experimental group and 24 cases in the control group. The average postoperative LLD in the experimental group (0.19 ± 0.38 mm) was significantly shorter than in the control group (0.54 ± 0.51 mm)(P = 0.005). Conclusion The incidence of Osteo-line on the femur neck was high, and patients who accepted osteotomy via Osteo-line on the femur neck can achieve shorter postoperative LLD than the control group.

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