Actinomycetes as the basis of Probiotics for Plants

The present review describes the concept of probiotics for plants and analyzes the prospects for using actinomycetes as producers of these drugs. The minimum requirements for plant probiotic microorganisms are proposed, similar to those for human probiotic microorganisms. These are utility, efficiency and safety for plants, as well as mandatory isolation from plant samples. It is noted that these requirements are usually met by endophytic and rhizosphere microorganisms that stimulate plant growth and provide them with protection from phytopathogens. Evidence is given for the possibility of attributing actinomycetes to probiotic plant bacteria, due to the close relationship of these microorganisms with plants, their wide distribution in populations of endophytic and rhizosphere microorganisms, and the presence of phytoregulatory activity. The review provides examples of genera and species of actinomycetes that are promising producers of probiotics for agronomically important crops. The most studied and commercialized of them are representatives of the Streptomyces genus. The current state, prospects and problems in commercialization of probiotics based on actinomycetes are discussed. probiotic microorganisms of plants, associative actinomycetes, endophytes, rhizosphere, biological preparations

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NATO - EU Collaboration on Hybrid Threats

National security and the future ◽

10.37458/nstf.20.1-2.3 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (1-2) ◽

pp. 13-23

Author(s):

Laris Gaiser

Keyword(s):

Armed Conflict ◽

Legal Framework ◽

The European Union ◽

Joint Declaration ◽

Current State ◽

Close Relationship ◽

Hybrid Threats ◽

Definition Of ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Eu

This article analyzes the current state of collaboration between NATO and the EU, with particular reference to the hybrid conflict sector. There has always existed a close relationship of interdependence between the two organizations. In 2016, this interdependence experienced a collaborative surge with the signing of a joint declaration at the Warsaw Summit. Since then,NATO and the European Union have actively collaborated in various sectors, including hybrid warfare. In the future, both organizations will need to improve the exchange of information and intelligence collaboration. However, this analysis aims to point out that NATO and the EU, if they wish to limit the scope of their opponents’ manoeuvrability, since hybrid conflict tends to develop below the threshold of what is generally accepted as the definition of armed conflict, will have to work together to outline a new legal framework that redefines the definition of armed conflict.

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Synthesis of linear hetarenochromones based on 7-hydroxy-6-formyl(acetyl)chromones

French-Ukrainian Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.17721/fujcv9i1p70-96 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 70-96

Author(s):

Tatyana Shokol ◽

Natalia Gorbulenko ◽

Khilya Volodymyr

Keyword(s):

Biological Activity ◽

Wide Distribution ◽

Therapeutic Agents ◽

Present Review ◽

Current State ◽

Naturally Occurring ◽

Low Toxicity ◽

State Of Research ◽

Novel Therapeutic

Fused chromones are attracting increasing attention as novel therapeutic agents due to their wide distribution in nature, effective bioactivities and low toxicity. 6-Carbonyl-7-hydroxychromones proved to be versatile synthons for the synthesis of linear hetarenochromones by annulation of heterocycle to the chromone core. The present review is focused on the syntheses of furo[3,2-g]chromones, pyrano[3,2-g]chromones and some of their N-containing analogues, namely chromeno[6,7-d]isoxazoles, pyrano[3’,2’:6,7]chromeno[4,3-b]pyridine-5,11-diones and pyrano[3’,2’:6,7]chromeno[4,3-c]pyridine-5,11-diones based on the 7-hydroxy-6-formylchromones or 7-hydroxy-6-acetylchromones and shows the current state of research to date. The methods for the synthesis of the starting 7-hydroxy-6-formylchromones and 7-hydroxy-6-acetylchromones have been also mentioned. The biological activity of naturally occurring and modified synthetic linear hetarenochromones has been also represented.

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Review of the Current State and Future Development in Standardizing Natural Lighting in Interiors

Light & Engineering ◽

10.33383/2018-080 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 5-26 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Stanislav Darula

Keyword(s):

Human Life ◽

Natural Light ◽

Artificial Lighting ◽

Computer Tools ◽

Natural Lighting ◽

Current State ◽

Minimum Requirements ◽

Life On Earth ◽

Window Design

Three elements mainly wind, water and sun seemed to determine in ancient ages the basic phenomena of life on Earth. Architectural history documented the importance of sun influence on urban and building construction already in layouts of Mesopotamian and Greek houses. Not only sun radiation but especially daylight played a significant role in the creation of indoor environment. Later, in the 20th century, a search of interaction between human life in buildings and natural conditions were studied considering wellbeing and energy conscious design recently using computer tools in complex research and more detail interdisciplinary solutions. At the same time the restricted daytime availability of natural light was supplemented by more efficient and continually cheaper artificial lighting of interiors. There are two main approaches to standardize the design and evaluation of indoor visual environment. The first is based on the determination of the minimum requirements respecting human health and visibility needs in all activities while the second emphasizes the behaviour and comfort of occupants in buildings considering yeararound natural changes of physical quantities like light, temperature, noise and energy consumption. The new current standardization basis for daylight evaluation and window design criteria stimulate the study of methodology principles that historically were based on the overcast type of sky luminance pattern avoiding yearly availability of sky illuminance levels. New trends to base the daylight standardization on yearly or longterm availability of daylight are using the averages or median sky illuminance levels to characterise local climatological conditions. This paper offers the review and discussion about the principles of the natural light standardization with a short introduction to the history and current state, with a trial to focus on the possible development of lighting engineering and its standards in future.

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Close relationship of hirsutism to hyperandrogenemia in women with polycystic ovary syndrome - with LC-MS/MS measurements

10.26226/morressier.5912d9efd462b8029238672f ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Zhao Xiaomiao

Keyword(s):

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽

Polycystic Ovary ◽

Ovary Syndrome ◽

Close Relationship ◽

Relationship Of

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NOTES ON THE GENUS PROTARCHOIDES (HYMEN., ICHNEUMONIDAE)

The Canadian Entomologist ◽

10.4039/ent70230-11 ◽

1938 ◽

Vol 70 (11) ◽

pp. 230-232 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

C. Stuart Walley

Keyword(s):

North American ◽

North American Species ◽

Close Relationship ◽

Relationship Of

The following notes were assembled in arranging the Protarchoides material in the National Collection. In establishing the identity of Protarchoides mellipes (Prov.) it has been found necessary to synonymize one species. A species allied to mellipes is described as new and a table is provided for the separation of the four known North American species. The recording of Trichiosoma as host for a member of this genus is further evidence of the close relationship of the genus with Protarchus Foer.

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Study of the 49 kDa excretory-secretory protein gene of Trichinella nativa and Trichinella spiralis

Helminthologia ◽

10.2478/s11687-007-0018-4 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 44 (3) ◽

pp. 120-125 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

B. Zheng ◽

L. Xiao ◽

X. Wang ◽

D. Li ◽

Y. Lu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Prokaryotic Expression ◽

Protein Gene ◽

Trichinella Spiralis ◽

Secretory Protein ◽

Rt Pcr ◽

Prokaryotic Expression Vector ◽

Close Relationship ◽

Bamhi Site ◽

Relationship Of ◽

Trichinella Nativa

AbstractTo study the function of the 49 kDa excretory-secretory (ES) protein gene (P49) of Trichinella, the genes was amplified by RT-PCR from RNA of Trichinella spiralis and Trichinella nativa and several Chinese Trichinella isolates of domestic animals, and sequenced after being cloned. The amplified products of these parasites produced bands of about 950 bp. The 97.2 % to 100 % nucleotides identity and 94.3 % to 100 % identity of deduced amino acids among P49 gene of these Trichinella strains showed the close relationship of these parasites. The P49 gene of T. nativa was cloned into the BamHI site of the prokaryotic expression vector pET-30a, and the recombinant vector was expressed. The expressed product was 40.8 kDa in size. In Western blot analysis, the expressed product was reactive to sera of mice infected with T. nativa, T. spiralis and their Chinese geographical strains.

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Studies on the origin, evolution, and distribution of the Gramineae. III. The tribes of the subfamily Eragrostoideae

Australian Journal of Botany ◽

10.1071/bt9600256 ◽

1960 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 256 ◽

Cited By ~ 36

Author(s):

W Hartley ◽

C Slater

Keyword(s):

Wide Distribution ◽

Western India ◽

Distribution Maps ◽

Winter Temperatures ◽

Close Relationship ◽

Hot Arid Climate ◽

South West Africa ◽

The Tropics ◽

World Distribution ◽

North Western

In further studies of grass distribution, maps are presented showing the world distribution of the Eragrosteae (sensu str.) and of the subfamily Eragrostoideae within which it is included. Both taxa show centres of high relative specific differentiation in inland Australia and in South West Africa, but in addition, the subfamily has centres of differentiation in the Sahara rekion, northern Mexico, and north-western India. The centres of differentiation are all in regions of hot, arid climate near the tropics of Cancer and Capricorn. The close relationship between climate and distribution is most apparent in the case of the subfamily Eragrostoideae, species of which are relatively abundant in the grass flora of all arid regions with high winter temperatures and summer or non-seasonal rainfall incidence. The distributions of most of the other tribes and subtribes which have been included in the Eragrostoideae show a similar relationship to climate. Some apparent exceptions to this are discussed, and it is shown that the geographical evidence supports conclusions from recent cytotaxonomic and anatomical studies that the taxa concerned should be removed from the subfamily. The very wide distribution of the subfamily and of its constituent taxa, as well as the close relationship between the distribution pattern and climate, suggests that the subfamily is a very old one. Geographical and taxonomic evidence indicates that it may have originated in tropical or subtropical Africa at least as early as the Oligocene.

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