Genetic Diagnostics of FANC1BY Mutation in Representatives of the Holstein Breed and Its Crosses

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 48-57
Author(s):  
D.A. Devrishov ◽  
I.S. Turbina ◽  
Ya.I. Alekseev ◽  
N.V. Konovalova ◽  
N.S. Marzanov
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Method ◽  
Historical Data ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Genetic Diagnostics ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Holstein Breed ◽  
The World ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Short Spine ◽  
Mutation Allele

The article is devoted to the development and use of a method for diagnosing the source of Brachyspina Syndrome, or short spine, in the Holstein breed and its crossbreeds. Representatives of this breed are the most highly productive animals in the world for milk. The development of a diagnostic method for breed-specific hereditary carriers is an important task in dairy farming. In this regard, the authors have proposed a Patent and a Reagent Kit for the detection of normal FANC1TY and mutant FANC1BY alleles in the Holstein breed and its crossbreeds. The frequency of occurrence of genotypes formed by these alleles in different sex and age groups of animals in the Holstein breed and its high-blooded hybrids was studied. Historical data related to the founders, from whom the spread of the mutant FANC1BY allele within the Holstein breed itself and its crossis in the USA, Canada and Russia began, has presented. The development of a diagnostic method for the mutant FANC1BY allele will make it possible to stop spreading of the Brachyspina Syndrome source. The proposed method will make it possible, in the early stages, to form healthy groups of breeding animals (bulls, replacement bulls, bull-reproducing cows), thereby laying the foundation for creating a high-quality livestock in the regions where the Holstein breed and its numerous crossbreeds are bred. cattle, Holstein breed, crossis, genotype, FANC1BY mutation, allele, Brachyspina syndrome

scholarly journals Premature mortality attributable to COVID-19: potential years of life lost in 17 countries around the world, January–August 2020

2022 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maider Pagola Ugarte ◽  
Souzana Achilleos ◽  
Annalisa Quattrocchi ◽  
John Gabel ◽  
Ourania Kolokotroni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Premature Mortality ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cape Verde ◽  
Years Of Life Lost ◽  
Demographic Groups ◽  
The World ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Research Consortium ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Understanding the impact of the burden of COVID-19 is key to successfully navigating the COVID-19 pandemic. As part of a larger investigation on COVID-19 mortality impact, this study aims to estimate the Potential Years of Life Lost (PYLL) in 17 countries and territories across the world (Australia, Brazil, Cape Verde, Colombia, Cyprus, France, Georgia, Israel, Kazakhstan, Peru, Norway, England & Wales, Scotland, Slovenia, Sweden, Ukraine, and the United States [USA]). Methods Age- and sex-specific COVID-19 death numbers from primary national sources were collected by an international research consortium. The study period was established based on the availability of data from the inception of the pandemic to the end of August 2020. The PYLL for each country were computed using 80 years as the maximum life expectancy. Results As of August 2020, 442,677 (range: 18–185,083) deaths attributed to COVID-19 were recorded in 17 countries which translated to 4,210,654 (range: 112–1,554,225) PYLL. The average PYLL per death was 8.7 years, with substantial variation ranging from 2.7 years in Australia to 19.3 PYLL in Ukraine. North and South American countries as well as England & Wales, Scotland and Sweden experienced the highest PYLL per 100,000 population; whereas Australia, Slovenia and Georgia experienced the lowest. Overall, males experienced higher PYLL rate and higher PYLL per death than females. In most countries, most of the PYLL were observed for people aged over 60 or 65 years, irrespective of sex. Yet, Brazil, Cape Verde, Colombia, Israel, Peru, Scotland, Ukraine, and the USA concentrated most PYLL in younger age groups. Conclusions Our results highlight the role of PYLL as a tool to understand the impact of COVID-19 on demographic groups within and across countries, guiding preventive measures to protect these groups under the ongoing pandemic. Continuous monitoring of PYLL is therefore needed to better understand the burden of COVID-19 in terms of premature mortality.

Development of the 25 micron pixel imaging plate system for TEM

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 12-13
Author(s):  
N. Ogura ◽  
T. Yamada
Keyword(s):  
Scanning System ◽  
Imaging Plate ◽  
Pixel Size ◽  
Large Area ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Recording Material ◽  
The World ◽  
Enormous Amount ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Plate System

In 1986, we reported that the Imaging Plate (IP) could be applied to the recording material for TEM. In 1990, we reported the first commercial IP system for TEM, which was co-developed with JEOL Ltd. This time, we developed a new IP system that has the following remarkable concepts.1. Enormous amount of information and high image quality The IP is read by the IP Reader at a pixel size of 25 microns and at a gray level of 16384 (14 bit). One image consists of 3760 × 3000 pixels. This means the image satisfies two essential requirements, i.e., high resolution and large area, at the same time. As the new sophisticated scanning system and the 400 dpi high-quality color printer (Fujix Pictrography 3000) have been combined, the final hard copies are almost identical to photographic films.2. Applicable to most TEMs The size of the IP is 99.6 × 80.9 mm, which is the same as that of photographic films mainly used in the USA, so the IP can be applied to most TEMs of any manufacturer in the world.

Use of bulls-producers of various origin on the breeding stock of the Yaroslavl breed of the Vologda region

2020 ◽  
pp. 61-68
Author(s):  
N. Abramova ◽  
O. Khromova
Keyword(s):  
The United States ◽  
Blood Type ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Breeding Stock ◽  
Holstein Breed ◽  
Vologda Region ◽  
The World ◽  
Dairy Cattle Breeding ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Analytical System

The research was conducted in order to study the breeding value of bulls-producers of various origins, used in the breeding stock of cows of the Yaroslavl breed in the Vologda region. The work was done on the basis of the information analytical system «Seleks» for 52 bulls-producers of Yaroslavl and Holstein breed obtained in different countries of the world and used the herd of 1600 cows dairy cattle breeding farm ZAO Sheksna Vologda region. General scientific research methods were used: monographic, statistical, and data visualization. It was found that the used bulls were produced in 5 countries of the world: the USA, Canada, Germany, the Netherlands and Russia. The vast majority of 76.9% of used manufacturers are of domestic origin. It was determined that in the controlled population, the factor «country of origin of the bull» has a significant influence (P<0.001) on the breeding value of producers based on the maternal ancestry (η2=0.46). Bulls from Canada and the United States have the highest indicators of breeding value for the milk yield of their maternal ancestors — 15436 and 14210 kg of milk, respectively. Domestic bulls have a breeding value of 8310 kg of milk, which is 7126 kg less than that of producers from Canada (P ≤ 0.001). The best indicators of bull potential realization by maternal ancestry were found in the daughters of Dutch and Russian producers (64.1% and 69.5%, respectively). The higher-than-average yield for the herd is obtained from cows with a Holstein blood type of 50% or more, using purebred Holstein bulls, both foreign and domestic selection, as well as Yaroslavl bulls with a high degree of blood type for improving breed (75-88%). In order to preserve the Yaroslavl breed of cattle, it is necessary to determine the optimal degree of blood transfusion of the Holstein breed, taking into account not only the productive characteristics, but also the characteristics of the health and longevity of animals.

THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE DATA JOURNALISM IN LATIN AMERICA

2020 ◽  
pp. 79-90
Author(s):  
Daria V. Nerents ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Scientific Community ◽  
Global Media ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Media Space ◽  
The World ◽  
Independent Direction ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Data Journalism

Today, the “data journalism” in the global media space has emerged as an independent direction with its own goals, objectives, and specifics. Specialized data departments in large media are increasingly appearing, and reporters working with “Big Data” are called data journalists now. There are studies in the scientific community on the data journalism in the USA, Russia, and European countries, but only a small number of such materials are devoted to data projects in Latin America. Meanwhile the data journalism in that part of the world has been actively developing since 2012, and such publications comply with all standards of high-quality analytical material. The article is based on an analysis of the data journalism of the three countries, Argentina, Brazil and Mexico, because their projects regularly receive prestigious awards and are recognized by the international community. In particular issues of the thematic diversity of the data materials, work methodology, format features of publications are considered.

scholarly journals Premature Mortality Attributable to COVID-19: Potential Years of Life Lost in 17 Countries Around the World, January-August 2020

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maider Pagola Ugarte ◽  
Souzana Achilleos ◽  
Annalisa Quattrocchi ◽  
John Gabel ◽  
Ourania Kolokotroni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Premature Mortality ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cape Verde ◽  
Years Of Life Lost ◽  
Demographic Groups ◽  
The World ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Research Consortium ◽  
The Impact

Abstract BackgroundUnderstanding the impact of the burden of COVID-19 is key to successfully navigating the COVID-19 pandemic. As part of a larger investigation on COVID-19 mortality impact, this study aims to estimate the Potential Years of Live Lost (PYLL) in 17 countries and territories across the world (Australia, Brazil, Cape Verde, Colombia, Cyprus, France, Georgia, Israel, Kazakhstan, Peru, Norway, England & Wales, Scotland, Slovenia, Sweden, Ukraine, and the United States).MethodsAge- and sex-specific COVID-19 death numbers from primary national sources were collected by an international research consortium. The study period was established based on the availability of data from the inception of the pandemic to the end of August 2020. The PYLL for each country were computed using 80 years as the maximum life expectancy.ResultsAs of August 2020, 442,677 (range: 18-185,083) deaths attributed to COVID-19 were recorded in 17 countries which translated to4,210,654 (range: 112-1,554,225)PYLL. The average PYLL per death was 8.7 years, with substantial variation ranging from 2.7 years in Australia to 19.3 PYLL in Ukraine.North and South American countries as well as England & Wales, Scotland and Sweden experienced the highest PYLL per 100,000 population; whereas Australia, Slovenia and Georgia experienced the lowest.Overall, males experienced higher PYLL rate and higher PYLL per death than females. In most countries, most of the PYLL were observed for people aged over 60 or 65 years, irrespective of sex.Yet, Brazil, Cape Verde, Colombia, Israel, Peru, Scotland, Ukraine, and the USA concentrated most PYLL in younger age groups.ConclusionsOur results highlight the potential of PYLL as a tool to understand the impact of COVID-19 on demographic groups within and across countries, guiding preventive measures to protect these groups under the ongoing pandemic. Continuous monitoring of PYLL is therefore needed to better understand the burden of COVID-19 in terms of premature mortality.

scholarly journals Impact Analysis of Coronavirus on Elderly Population in Worldwide and Kazakhstan

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Assel Izekenova ◽  
Akbota Tolegenova ◽  
Aigulsum Izekenova ◽  
Alina Rakhmatullina
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Population ◽  
Impact Analysis ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Easy Access ◽  
Geriatric Population ◽  
Aging Studies ◽  
The World ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Severity Of The Disease

Covid-19 pandemics has affected the lives of all level population but brought an unprecedented threat to the health and daily life of the elderly population. Starting from Huanan Seafood Market in Wuhan, China, the virus spread to the world fleetingly, from 44 cases in January 2019 to 171,615,923 cases all around the world as of June 01, 2021, including Kazakhstan. SARS-CoV-2 positive patients had shown asymptomatic, mild, severe, and critical symptoms which brought to respiratory failure, shock, or multiorgan dysfunction in 5% of cases. The severity of the disease correlated with the older age and existing medical conditions, making the geriatric population more at hazard. A remarkable superiority of cases and deaths of Covid-19 was found within the elderly group, and particularly in those with pre-existing conditions and comorbidities, additionally to the immunosenescence and inflamm-aging. Studies done in the USA, Europe, and Asian countries showed a similar prevalence of the disease among adults and older people, but the mortality was extremely higher than in other age groups. Despite the similar prevalence, Kazakhstani researchers revealed a higher mortality rate (83.3%) than those countries. Therefore, the world, especially developing countries, needs additional advanced policies in vaccination policy, immediate testing, easy access to healthcare and information without ageist biases, income security, and more researches should be done that can address the issues, improve the lives and diminish the mortality of the geriatric population.

Optimum Structure of the Banking Market: How Many Banks Are Necessary for Russia?

2006 ◽  
pp. 75-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Moiseev
Keyword(s):  
Banking Sector ◽  
Optimum Structure ◽  
Population Number ◽  
The Third ◽  
Banking Market ◽  
The World ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Empirical Analysis ◽  
Equilibrium Number

The number of classical banks in the world has reduced. In the majority of countries the number of banks does not exceed 200. The uniqueness of the Russian banking sector is that in this respect it takes the third place in the world after the USA and Germany. The paper reviews the conclusions of the economic theory about the optimum structure of the banking market. The empirical analysis shows that the number of banks in a country is influenced by the size of its territory, population number and GDP per capita. Our econometric estimate is that the equilibrium number of banks in Russia should be in a range of 180-220 units.

Russian Banking Sector under World Financial Market Uncertainty: Problems and Prospects

2008 ◽  
pp. 4-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Ulyukaev ◽  
E. Danilova
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Markets ◽  
Financial Market ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Financial System ◽  
Local Market ◽  
Market Uncertainty ◽  
Balanced Growth ◽  
Banking Sector Development ◽  
The World ◽  
The Usa

The authors point out that the local market crisis - on the USA substandard loan market - has led to the uncertainty of the world financial market. It has caused the growing demand for liquidity in the framework of the world financial system. The Russian banking sector seems to be more stable under negative changes than banking systems of other emerging markets. At the same time one can assume that the crisis will become the factor of qualitative shift in the character of the Russian banking sector development - the shift from impetuous to more balanced growth.

Analysis Criteria for Choosing Energy Efficient High-Quality Light Sources and Luminaires

2018 ◽  
pp. 113-119
Author(s):  
Gennady Ya. Vagin ◽  
Eugene B. Solntsev ◽  
Oleg Yu. Malafeev
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
National Standards ◽  
Light Sources ◽  
The European Union ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Eu Directive ◽  
The World ◽  
A New Technique ◽  
Energy Labelling

The article analyses critera applying to the choice of energy efficient high quality light sources and luminaires, which are used in Russian domestic and international practice. It is found that national standards GOST P 54993–2012 and GOST P 54992– 2012 contain outdated criteria for determining indices and classes of energy efficiency of light sources and luminaires. They are taken from the 1998 EU Directive #98/11/EU “Electric lamps”, in which LED light sources and discharge lamps of high intensity were not included. A new Regulation of the European Union #874/2012/EU on energy labelling of electric lamps and luminaires, in which these light sources are taken into consideration, contains a new technique of determining classes of energy efficiency and new, higher classes are added. The article has carried out a comparison of calculations of the energy efficiency classes in accordance with GOST P 54993 and with Regulation #874/2012/EU, and it is found out that a calculation using GOST P 54993 gives underrated energy efficiency classes. This can lead to interdiction of export for certain light sources and luminaires, can discredit Russian domestic manufacturer light sources and does not correspond to the rules of the World Trade Organization (WTO).

9/11 and Armageddon: the Christian Right and George W. Bush

2003 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-50
Author(s):  
Göran Gunner
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Christian Right ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Religious Leader ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The World ◽  
Mega Church ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Jerry Falwell ◽  
High Degree

Authors from the Christian Right in the USA situate the September 11 attack on New York and Washington within God's intentions to bring America into the divine schedule for the end of the world. This is true of Pat Robertson and Jerry Falwell, and other leading figures in the ‘Christian Coalition’. This article analyses how Christian fundamentalists assess the roles of the USA, the State of Israel, Islam, Iraq, the European Union and Russia within what they perceive to be the divine plan for the future of the world, especially against the background of ‘9/11’. It argues that the ideas of the Christian Right and of President George W. Bush coalesce to a high degree. Whereas before 9/11 many American mega-church preachers had aspirations to direct political life, after the events of that day the President assumes some of the roles of a mega-religious leader.

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