scholarly journals Caesarean section in mares: Historical outline of the treatment, its evolution and prospects compared with other techniques of foal delivery assistance

2020 ◽  
Vol 76 (01) ◽  
pp. 6331-2020
Author(s):  
ANDRZEJ BEREZNOWSKI ◽  
ALICJA RAKOWSKA ◽  
KAMIL GÓRSKI ◽  
PRZEMYSŁAW DZIEKAN ◽  
TOMASZ SZARA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Veterinary Medicine ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Caesarean Section ◽  
Dynamic Development ◽  
Historical Outline ◽  
Delivery Assistance ◽  
Operation Techniques ◽  
Significant Change ◽  
Materials Used

The aim of this paper is to present the historical outline and evolution of the caesarean section in mares and to compare it with other forms of foal delivery assistance. In recent years, the procedure has been developing and changing very dynamically, but it has been used for over a century. The first reports of such operations appeared simultaneously with the introduction of laparotomy into clinical practice, and the procedure was performed in subsequent periods from various approaches depending on the preferences and knowledge of clinicians: from the left or right flank, on the Marcenac line, the midline or the paramedian. Over the years, caesarean section has gained considerable popularity, becoming in many cases the method of choice rather than the last resort, which was unquestionably facilitated by new medicines, operation techniques and materials used in clinical practice. Because of a significant change in the breeding profile of horses, as well as a very dynamic development of veterinary medicine, the goals, conditions and risks associated with caesarean section are considerably different from what they were a few decades ago.

scholarly journals History of development tissue therapy and modern prespectives of it’s application in veterinary medicine

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (98) ◽  
pp. 28-35
Author(s):  
H. Kalynovskyi ◽  
H. Hryshchuk ◽  
L. Yevtukh ◽  
V. Honcharenko ◽  
V. Zakharin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Veterinary Medicine ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
The Body ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Modern Biology ◽  
Corrective Effect ◽  
Tissue Therapy ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Almost All

Medical products, made of plants, various tissue substrates of animals and humans, have been used for a long time in human and veterinary medicine. Tissue medications of animal origin have been widely used in veterinary science both for prophylactic and therapeutic purposes and as growth factors for fattening of all species. The development of modern biology and some fields of it, human and veterinary medicine in particular, based on the achievements of advanced technologies, provides an opportunity for the appearance of new effective medications in clinical practice. Over time, after the reorganization of the agricultural sector and veterinary medicine as one of its main divisions, tissue medications began to disappear from the range of medical preparations, and they have been almost forgotten and basically not used in recent years. Veterinary medicines market has become overwhelmed with mainly imported synthetic medications and antibiotics. Meanwhile, clinical practice is experiencing an intensive introduction of medications, produced by private factories, which are combinations and mixtures of various existing pharmacological substances. Their annotations indicate a universal and beneficial effect on the body of almost all domestic animals, birds and bees. The paper is aimed at the feasibility study and the restoration necessity of production and use of tissue preparations in veterinary clinical practice. The materials used for the research are the reports published in scientific journals, collections of scientific editions of universities and research establishments, textbooks, newspapers, etc. We have become the first to create tissue medications such as fetoplacentat, made from the uterus and its contents of different pregnancy term of clinically healthy cows, pigs, mares, dogs and cats, and truthenate, made from the larvae of drones aged 5–7 days, for their application in eterinary medicine, obstetrics and gynecology in particular. Production trials of medications carried out on different pregnant animals, have made it possible to identify their corrective effect on the course of pregnancy, childbirth and postpartum period, high preventive activity in the development of functional disorders, subinvolution and inflammatory processes of the genital organs, as well as in the treatment of different forms of infertility in animals and for the improvement of spermatogenesis of male breeders. Further research will focus on the development and implementation of effective methods and measures aimed at elimination of infertility and improvement of the reproduction of farming animals on condition of the use of tissue preparations.

scholarly journals Filter lifetimes of different hemodiafiltration membrane materials in dogs: reevaluation of the optimal anticoagulant dosage

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroko Yuzawa ◽  
Yousuke Hirose ◽  
Tomonori Kimura ◽  
Keisuke Shinozaki ◽  
Moe Oguchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time ◽  
Target Range ◽  
Membrane Material ◽  
Actual Clinical Practice ◽  
Membrane Materials ◽  
Filter Membrane ◽  
Hemorrhagic Complications ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Nafamostat Mesylate

Abstract Background In continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT), administration of anticoagulants is necessary for achieving a certain level of filter lifetime. Generally, anticoagulant doses are controlled to keep activated partial thromboplastin time and other indicators within a certain target range, regardless of the membrane materials used for the filter. However, in actual clinical practice, the filter lifetime varies significantly depending on the membrane material used. The objective of this study was to demonstrate that the minimum anticoagulant dose necessary for prolonging the filter lifetime while reducing the risk of hemorrhagic complications varies depending on the type of membrane. Methods In three beagles, hemodiafiltration was performed with hemofilters using polysulfone (PS), polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), and AN69ST membranes separately. The minimum dose of nafamostat mesylate (NM) that would allow for 6 h of hemodiafiltration (required dose) was investigated for each membrane material. Results The NM doses required for 6 h of hemodiafiltration were 2 mg/kg/h for the PS membrane, 6 mg/kg/h for the PMMA membrane, and 6 mg/kg/h for the AN69ST membrane. Conclusion For hemodiafiltration performed in beagles, the required NM dose varied for each filter membrane material. Using the optimal anticoagulant dose for each membrane material would allow for safer CRRT performance.

scholarly journals Prevention of Hypotension following Spinal Anaesthesia in Caesarean Section - then and now

2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 415-419
Author(s):  
J K Mitra
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Caesarean Section ◽  
Spinal Anaesthesia ◽  
Limited Data ◽  
First Line ◽  
High Risk Patients ◽  
Risk Patients ◽  
Poor Efficacy

Hypotension during spinal anaesthesia for caesarean section remains a common scenario in our clinical practice. Certain risk factors play a role in altering the incidence of hypotension. Aortocaval compression counteraction does not help to prevent hypotension. Intravenous crystalloid prehydration has poor efficacy; thus, the focus has changed toward co-hydration and use of colloids. Phenylephrine is established as a first- line vasopressor, although there are limited data from high-risk patients. Ephedrine crosses the placenta more than phenylephrine and cause possible alterations in the foetal physiology.http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/kumj.v8i4.6242 Kathmandu Univ Med J 2010;8(4):415-19   

scholarly journals Influence of Cardiorespiratory Clinical Placements on the Specialty Interest of Physiotherapy Students

Healthcare ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 148
Author(s):  
Irene Torres Sánchez ◽  
Laura López López ◽  
Janet Rodríguez Torres ◽  
Esther Prados Román ◽  
María Granados Santiago ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Direct Evidence ◽  
Clinical Placement ◽  
Clinical Environment ◽  
Clinical Placements ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Significant Change ◽  
Physiotherapy Students

Clinical placements are an important part of health students’ training. Whilst much value is placed on the clinical environment as a place to learn, there is a paucity of direct evidence about its effectiveness. The aim of this study was to compare the competence, importance, and interest in cardiorespiratory physiotherapy of students before and after one month of clinical practice. A pre- and post-placement questionnaire about students’ interest in different physiotherapy subspecialties was used. The students with a cardiorespiratory clinical placement showed a significant change in their perception about the importance of the cardiorespiratory specialty (0.348 ± 1.01; p < 0.001), while no significant change was observed in the students without cardiorespiratory placement (−0.014 ± 0.825; p = 0.883). The presence or absence of clinical placements seems to have a definitive impact on students’ choice of a specialty. This implies the need for developing a set of clinical placements in all the subareas of physiotherapy in order to give undergraduate students the opportunity to make a better decision.

Marketing strategies in small animal clinical practice

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 235-247
Author(s):  
José Antonio Soares ◽  
André Luiz Baptista Galvão ◽  
Lucas Vinicius Shigaki de Matos ◽  
Julia Cestari Pierucci ◽  
Katia Denise Saraiva Bresciani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Veterinary Medicine ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Public Relations ◽  
Service Sector ◽  
Small Animal ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Marketing Strategies ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Content Type

Purpose Marketing strategies can be used to leverage business in the service sector, specifically in veterinary medicine; among other benefits, it can make a difference in satisfaction and consequent customer loyalty. Marketing should be used with ethics and professionalism due is one administration area that contributes to effective management in the continuous pursuit of quality in the provision of services and demonstrate that veterinary clinics have much to gain if managed with support of marketing strategies. This paper aims to analyze the applicability of marketing strategies in the management of small animal clinics, such as guidelines to the entrepreneurs of this services sector. Design/methodology/approach Marketing literature is plentiful in proposing alternative strategies, whether focused on the achievement and loyalty of customers, whether to raise the competitiveness of an organization or simply to its survival in the market. In this study, some marketing strategies were selected, on secondary data research, in theoretical framework, to investigate their application in the practice of veterinary medicine. This study emphasizes promotional strategy toward communication with the market and construction of organizational image, using public relations as marketing strategy. Findings The use of marketing strategies is recommended in the management of small animal clinical practice, especially with respect to the high customer satisfaction by streamlining the procedures and optimizing veterinary services provision. Originality/value This study is different because it proposes an integrated system of management techniques in veterinary organizations, which will lead to better efficiency of attendance, adding value to the service provided and generating greater profitability for the organization, which positively reflects on the economic point of view and for the image of the company and its professionals, providing a better quality of life for both clients and their pets.

scholarly journals Modified Retrograde Nasal Intubation: A New Airway Technique and Devices

2021 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-113
Author(s):  
Vernon H. Vivian ◽  
Dip Anaes ◽  
Tyson L. Pardon ◽  
Andre A. J. Van Zundert
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Laryngeal Mask Airway ◽  
Nasotracheal Intubation ◽  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Oral Route ◽  
Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Nasal Intubation ◽  
Novel Technique ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Airway Devices

Nasotracheal intubation remains an underused but invaluable technique for securely managing the airway during oral and maxillofacial surgery. In this article, we present a modified clinical technique that allows for the potential introduction into clinical practice of 2 new airway devices: a nasal laryngeal mask airway and an interchangeable oral/nasal endotracheal tube. We hypothesize that with the use of proper techniques, these devices can add new and safer alternatives for securing an airway by the nasal route. The advantage of this novel technique is that the airway is secured by the oral route prior to performing a modified retrograde nasal intubation, eliminating the danger of profuse epistaxis precipitating a “cannot intubate, cannot ventilate” scenario. In addition, the design and materials used in the components of the devices may minimize trauma. The authors aim to inform clinicians about the indications, physical characteristics, and insertion/removal techniques related to these new devices.

scholarly journals Normocalcaemic hyperparathyroidism and primary hyperparathyroidism: least significant change for adjusted serum calcium

2021 ◽  
Vol 184 (1) ◽  
pp. K7-K10
Author(s):  
Marian Schini ◽  
Richard Jacques ◽  
Eleanor Oakes ◽  
Nicola Peel ◽  
Jennifer S Walsh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Primary Hyperparathyroidism ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Serum Calcium ◽  
Calcium Metabolism ◽  
Parathyroid Surgery ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Least Significant Change ◽  
Significant Change

Introduction The least significant change (LSC) is a term used in individuals in order to evaluate whether one measurement has changed significantly from the previous one. It is widely used when assessing bone mineral density (BMD) scans. To the best of our knowledge, there no such estimate available in the literature for patients with disorders of calcium metabolism. Our aim was to provide an estimate of the least significant change for albumin-adjusted calcium in patients with normocalcaemic hyperparathyroidism (NPHPT) and primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT). Methods We used the within-subject standard deviatio calculated in a population of NPHPT and PHPT patients and multiplied it by 2.77. Results The LSC for NPHPT and PHPT were found to be 0.25 and 0.24 mmol/L, respectively (1.00 and 0.96 mg/dL). In clinical practice, the value of 0.25 mmol/L could be used. Discussion The least significant change given, could be used in two ways in these patients. First, it gives a range to which values are expected. This can provide some reassurance for the patient and the physician in cases of intermittent hypercalcaemia. Moreover, it can be a marker of whether an individual has an actual significant change of his calcium after parathyroid surgery.

scholarly journals SIGNIFICANCE AND APPLICATION OF NANOTECHNOLOGIES IN DENTISTRY

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (34) ◽  
Author(s):  
S.S GRECHIKHIN ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Medical Practice ◽  
Educational System ◽  
Daily Clinical Practice ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Modern Application

Nanotechnology is a promising industry within the educational system of teaching. The emerging science of nanotechnology, especially in dental and medical practice, has sparked the interest of many researchers in their potential applications and advantages over traditional materials used. Currently, there are many studies in the field of nanotechnology in the field of dentistry. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the application of nanotechnology in the field of dentistry and their benefits. Therefore, understanding how these materials can be used in our daily clinical practice requires a deeper understanding of the science behind nanotechnology. This article presents nanoscience, as well as the advantages and limitations of nanotechnology. In addition, our study will examine nanodialogue in dental diagnostics, the dental prevention. Thus, the scientific aspects, significance and modern application of nanotechnologies in dentistry are highlighted. Based on this, the use of nanotechnologies, especially in dentistry and medicine, has a number of advantages over the traditional materials used, since they are more efficient, accessible, structured, meet all modern parameters and are of high quality.

scholarly journals Cannabis Use Among Women: Does Daily Assessment Reactivity Affect Usage Patterns?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason Isaacs ◽  
Sean MacKinnon ◽  
Kayla Joyce ◽  
Sherry Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Help Seeking ◽  
Daily Diary ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
Self Monitoring ◽  
Assessment Reactivity ◽  
Diary Research ◽  
Significant Change ◽  
The Relationship

BACKGROUND: Daily diary measurements are a common way to assess substance use behaviours, however researchers and clinicians are often cognizant of assessment reactivity (or “reactivity”) in daily substance use measurement. Reactivity involves changes to behaviours that result simply from self-monitoring those behaviours. When reactivity to substance use measurement has been found to exist, it has been identified both as a possible confound in daily diary research and a potential intervention tool in clinical practice. Reactivity to daily self-monitoring of alcohol and tobacco use has been investigated in prior research, however this research has been inconsistent. Reactivity to daily self-monitoring of cannabis use quantity has yet to be documented at all. METHOD: The current study involved secondary analyses of data from N=88 women who self-monitored their cannabis use for 32 consecutive days (Joyce et al., under review). We examined objective reactivity of cannabis use to daily self-monitoring both for the probability of use each day as well as the quantity of cannabis used on each cannabis-using day. At study completion, participants were asked the degree to which they felt self-monitoring impacted their cannabis use (i.e., subjective reactivity). We explored the reported degree of subjective reactivity, and we examined correspondence between objective and subjective reactivity. RESULTS: Hurdle models were the best fit for the data. Participants’ probability of daily cannabis use and the quantity of cannabis use did not change significantly over the study period. For subjective reactivity, many respondents (45%) reported no subjective reactivity, though a majority (55%) reported some degree of subjective reactivity with 24% reporting moderate or more reactivity. A three-step hierarchical linear model was used to investigate the relationship between objective and subjective reactivity. Time was the only predictor in the first step, subjective reactivity was added as a predictor in the second step, and the time x subjective reactivity interaction was explored in the final step. Subjective reactivity was not found to moderate the relationship between time and cannabis use, although there was a significant relationship between self-reported subjective reactivity and variability of cannabis use across the data collection period. CONCLUSIONS: This study determined that participants who report greater subjective reactivity to cannabis measurement are more likely to demonstrate variability in their cannabis usage. While this study did not find a significant change in cannabis scores over time because of reactivity, the non-significant results are valuable from both a research and a clinical standpoint. For research, the lack of change is an indicator that reactivity is likely not a confounding factor in studies involving cannabis daily diary research. From a clinical perspective, the non-significant change indicates that simply self-monitoring cannabis is unlikely to provide standalone benefits when daily self-monitoring is used in clinical practice. It is relevant to note that our study involved a non-help-seeking sample, and future research could benefit from determining whether cannabis reactivity may be moderated by help-seeking behaviours or motivations to change.

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