Development of Rural Entrepreneurship through SHGS: An Empirical Study

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd. Arshad Khan
Keyword(s):  
Control Measures ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Rural Entrepreneurship ◽  
Potential Activity ◽  
Rural Enterprises ◽  
Backward Linkages ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Selection Of

Entrepreneurship has been gaining greater significance at international stage under changing economic scenario. Indian economy is on the threshold of accelerated economic growth driven by entrepreneurship. The present study is an attempt to find out impact of microfinance through SHGs in development of rural entrepreneurship. The study shows that though microfinance through SHGs have helped in promotion of rural entrepreneurship but there are various problems which the rural enterprises are currently facing like insufficient transportation and storage services, lack of quality control measures, non-availability of right type of raw material, difficulty in selection of products, poor linkage with selling bodies, small scale of production, lack of trained workers and improper communication with other developmental agencies and most importantly long and complicated procedures to avail financial help. All these factors are restricting the rural enterprises from reaching their full potential. Activity wise analysis of the respondents suggests that selected SHG members are mainly involved in activities which require lesser amount of forward and backward linkages. The activities requiring more linkages and service inputs have not been successful to that extent.

Natural (Unhydrolyzed) Milk Versus Lactose-Hydrolyzed Milk for Cultured Dairy Products: Physiological and Practical Implications for the Starter Industry

1978 ◽  
Vol 41 (8) ◽  
pp. 654-659 ◽  
Author(s):  
EBENEZER R. VEDAMUTHU
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Products ◽  
Important Change ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Major Energy Source ◽  
Genetic Mechanisms ◽  
Natural Milk ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Selection Of

As a microbiological medium, lactose-hydrolyzed milk is quite different from natural milk in that the restrictive role of milk lactose (the major energy source for microorganisms) is eliminated. To emphasize the restrictive role of lactose, the enzymatic and genetic mechanisms involved in the utilization of this beta-galactoside are discussed. Elimination of this selectivity leads to certain manufacturing and storage difficulties with cultured dairy products. This important change in the raw material (milk) should be recognized in selection of starter strains for use in conversion of lactose-hydrolyzed milk to cultured dairy products.

scholarly journals APPLICATION OF PROFIT AND LOSS SHARING MODES IN TRADE FINANCING FOR SMALL-SCALE BUSINESSES: AN ALTERNATIVE TO DEBT BASED FINANCING

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Abdurrahman Sadique
Keyword(s):  
Debt Financing ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Fine Tuning ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Islamic Banks ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Medium Scale ◽  
Current Article ◽  
Trade Financing

The current article analyses the application of Islamic financing modes based on equity participation for small and medium scale enterprises in short-term trade financing. In lieu of debt based modes such as murabahah favoured by Islamic banks in trade financing, the application of musharakah based alternatives is explored, with especial attention to practical aspects of relevance from a shari‘ah perspective arising in their implementation. Financing goods ready for sale, and financing purchase of stock are examined, comparing the joint-equity based structure with the debt-based structures, and identifying issues of importance. The equity based approach being applied as an all-embracing scheme encompassing purchase of raw material or trade goods to their final sale could be a viable and fairer alternative to debt based financing methods in vogue currently. Adopting suitable equity based structures, especially in the context of short-term financing for small-scale businesses, may provide considerable efficiency and convenience without the involvement of the drawbacks inherent to debt financing structures. Eliminating elements of debt financing from the equity-based modes so as to reveal their full potential and to realise their socio-economic objectives requires further study and continuous fine-tuning of the modes proposed.

scholarly journals Value Chain Structure Analysis as A Starting Point for Bamboo Enterprise Development: Lessons from Gunungkidul, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
pp. 405-420
Author(s):  
Marcellinus Utomo ◽  
Levina Pieter ◽  
Carmen M. Siagian
Keyword(s):  
Value Chain ◽  
Chain Structure ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Production Flow ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Chemically Treated ◽  
Financial Flow ◽  
The Government ◽  
Rural Enterprises

The economic contributions of rural enterprises in Indonesia are significant to support local people's livelihoods, although it remains at micro to medium levels. One small-scale enterprise, which remains understudied and receives little policy attention, is the bamboo enterprise. Gunungkidul Regency in Yogyakarta Special Province, a central region in Java Island, Indonesia, have many bamboo enterprises, creating various products that support some 6,500 jobs. This research is conducted as a case study of the Gunungkidul Regency. A value chain perspective was used to study three bamboo-based enterprises' value chain structure: kitchen utensils, bamboo toy handicraft, and chemically treated bamboo. The snowball concept was used until the data was saturated. In total, 86 respondents were interviewed. The traditional chain was dominant. The longest value chain and the highest number of actor levels were bamboo toy handicrafts, and the shortest and smallest actor level was the chemically treated bamboo. Most channels were in the toy handicraft chain in the production flow, then kitchen utensils, and chemically treated bamboo. The credit payment method is prevalent in financial flow, and trust has been widely established between actors. The information flow related to price was imbalanced. In each chain, collaboration in the raw material segment was weak. The lack of willingness of artisans to be more productive and the weak cooperation among artisans, coupled with the lack of support from the government seems to be obstacles to the development of bamboo as a small to medium enterprise in Gunungkidul

HUBUNGAN HIGIENE SANITASI DENGAN KANDUNGAN ESCHERICHIA COLI PADA ES BATU INDUSTRI RUMAH TANGGA DI TEPI JALAN WAHID HASYIM 2 KECAMATAN SEMPAJA KOTA SAMARINDA TAHUN 2015

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
Suwignyo Suwignyo ◽  
Abdul Rachim ◽  
Arizal Sapitri
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Preliminary Test ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Almost Everywhere ◽  
Ice Cube ◽  
Processing And Storage ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Cluster Random Sampling

Ice is a water that cooled below 0 °C and used for complement in drink. Ice can be found almost everywhere, including in the Wahid Hasyim Sempaja Roadside. From the preliminary test, obtained 5 samples ice cube were contaminated by Escherichia coli. The purpose of this study was to determine relationship between hygiene and sanitation with presence of Eschericia coli in ice cube of home industry at Wahid Hasyim Roadside Samarinda. This research used quantitative with survey methode. The population in this study was all of the seller in 2nd Wahid Hasyim Roadside. Sample was taken by Krejcie and Morgan so the there were 44 samples and used Cluster Random Sampling. The instruments are questionnaries, observation and laboratory test. Data analysis was carried out univariate and bivariate (using Fisher test p= 0.05). The conclusion of this study there are a relation between chosing raw material (p=0,03) and saving raw material (p=0,03) with presence of Eschericia coli. There was no relation between processing raw material into ice cube with presence of Eschericia coli (p=0,15).Advice that can be given to ice cube should maintain hygiene and sanitation of the selection, processing and storage of ice cube.

Teknologi Esktrasi dan Cara Pemisahannya untuk Mendapatkan Kembali Karotenoid dari Minyak Sawit : Suatu Tinjauan

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-95
Author(s):  
Agus Sudibyo ◽  
Sardjono Sardjono
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Beta Carotene ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Extraction And Separation ◽  
Molecular Product ◽  
Industrial Use ◽  
Palm Oil Mill ◽  
Selection Of

Crude palm oil (CPO)is the richest natural plant source of carotenoids in terms of retinol (pro-vitamin A) equivalent, whereas palm oil mill effluent (POME) is generated from palm oil industry that contains oil and carotenes that used to be treated before discharge. Carotenoids are importance in animals and humans for the purpose of the enhancement of immune response, conversion of vitamin A and scavenging of oxygen radicals. This component has different nutritional  functions and benefits to humaan health. The growing interest in the other natural sources of beta-carotene and growing awareness to prevent pollution has stimulated the industrial use of CPO and POME as a raw material for carotenoids extraction. Various technologies of extraction and separation have been developed in order to recover of carotenoids.This article reports on various technologies that have been developed in order to recover of carotenoids from being destroyed in commercial refining of palm oil and effects of some various treatments on the extraction end separation for carotenoid from palm oil and carotenoids concentration. Principally, there are different technologies, and there is one some future which is the use of solvent. Solvent plays important role  in the most technologiest, however the problem of solvents which are used is that they posses potentiaal fire health and environmental hazards. Hence selection of the  most safe, environmentally friendly and cost effective solvent is important to design of alternative extraction methods.Chemical molecular product design is one of the methods that are becoming more popular nowadays for finding solvent with the desired properties prior to experimental testing.ABSTRAKMinyak sawit kasar merupakan sumber karotenoid terkaya yang berasal dari tanaman sawit sebagai senyawa yang sama dengan retinol atau pro-vitamin A; sedangkan limbah pengolahan minyak sawit dihasilkan dari industri pengolahan minyak sawit yang berisi minyak dan karotene yang perlu diberi perlakuan terlebih dahulu sebelum dibuang. Karotenoid merupakan bahan penting yang diperlukan pada hewan dan manusia guna memperkuat tanggapan terhadap kekebalan, konversi ke vitamin A dan penangkapan gugus oksigen radikal. Dengan berkembangnya ketertarikan dalam mencari beta-karotene yang bersumber dari alam lain dan meningkatnya kesadaran untuk mencegah adanya pencemaran lingkungan, maka mendorong suatu industri untuk menggunakan CPO dan POME sebagai bahan baku untuk diekstrak karotenoidnya. Berbagai macam teknologi guna mengekstrak dan memisahkan karotenoid telah dikembangkan untuk mendapatkan kembali karotenoidnya. Makalah ini melaporkan dan membahas berbagai jenis teknologi yang telah dikembangkan guna mendapatkan kembali senyawa karotenoid dari kerusakan di dalam proses pemurnian minyak sawit secara komersial dan pengaruh beberapa perlakuan terhadap ekstrasi dan pemisahan karotenoid dari minyak sawit dan konsentrasi karotenoidnya. Pada prinsipnya, berbagai teknologi yang digunakan untuk mengekstrak dan memisahkan karotenoid terdapat perbedaan, dan terdapat salah satu teknologi yang digunakan untuk esktrasi dan pemisahan karotenoid adalah menggunakan bahan pelarut. Pelarut yang digunakan mempunyai peranan yang penting dalam teknologi ekstrasi; namun pelarut yang digunakan untuk mengekstrak tersebut mempunyai persoalan karena berpotensi mengganggu kesehatan dan membahayakan cemaran lingkungan. Oleh karena itu, pemilihan jenis teknologi yang aman, ramah terhadap lingkungan dan biaya yang efektif untuk penggunaan pelarut merupakan hal penting sebelum dilakukan desain metode/teknologi alternatif untuk esktrasi karotenoid. Pola produk molekuler kimia merupakan salah satu metode yang saat ini menjadi lebih populer untuk mencari pelarut dengan sifat-sifat yang dikehendaki sebelum diujicobakan. Kata kunci :    karotenoid, ekstrasi, pemisahan, teknologi, minyak sawit kasar, limbah industri pengolahan sawit.

Fish, Fires, and Foresight: Middle Woodland Economic Adaptations in the Abbott Farm National Landmark

1984 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
John A. Cavallo
Keyword(s):  
New Jersey ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Anadromous Fish ◽  
Middle Woodland ◽  
Cultural Resource ◽  
Economic Adaptation ◽  
Processing And Storage ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Regional Redistribution

The “Abbott Farm site,” now known as the Abbott Farm National Landmark, is known for its unique and abundant artifact assemblages from presumed Middle Woodland contexts. Several researchers attributed the presence of large quantities of argillite raw material, argillite and chert blades and blade caches, cut and uncut mica, and aberrant zone-decorated ceramics to either Hopewellian manifestations or to the Abbott Farm's role in the regional redistribution of argillite. On the basis of a cultural resource survey conducted by Louis Berger and Associates prior to the proposed construction of I-195 and I-295 and New Jersey Routes 29 and 129, a specialized economic adaptation focused upon the intensive procurement, processing, and storage of anadromous fish, especially sturgeon, is hypothesized.

scholarly journals The Impact of Alkaloid-Producing Epichloë Endophyte on Forage Ryegrass Breeding: A New Zealand Perspective

Toxins ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 158
Author(s):  
Colin Eady
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Abiotic Stressors ◽  
Livestock Health ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Epichloë Endophyte

For 30 years, forage ryegrass breeding has known that the germplasm may contain a maternally inherited symbiotic Epichloë endophyte. These endophytes produce a suite of secondary alkaloid compounds, dependent upon strain. Many produce ergot and other alkaloids, which are associated with both insect deterrence and livestock health issues. The levels of alkaloids and other endophyte characteristics are influenced by strain, host germplasm, and environmental conditions. Some strains in the right host germplasm can confer an advantage over biotic and abiotic stressors, thus acting as a maternally inherited desirable ‘trait’. Through seed production, these mutualistic endophytes do not transmit into 100% of the crop seed and are less vigorous than the grass seed itself. This causes stability and longevity issues for seed production and storage should the ‘trait’ be desired in the germplasm. This makes understanding the precise nature of the relationship vitally important to the plant breeder. These Epichloë endophytes cannot be ‘bred’ in the conventional sense, as they are asexual. Instead, the breeder may modulate endophyte characteristics through selection of host germplasm, a sort of breeding by proxy. This article explores, from a forage seed company perspective, the issues that endophyte characteristics and breeding them by proxy have on ryegrass breeding, and outlines the methods used to assess the ‘trait’, and the application of these through the breeding, production, and deployment processes. Finally, this article investigates opportunities for enhancing the utilisation of alkaloid-producing endophytes within pastures, with a focus on balancing alkaloid levels to further enhance pest deterrence and improving livestock outcomes.

scholarly journals Selection of plantain cultivars as raw material for ripe plantain flour

2021 ◽  
Vol 672 (1) ◽  
pp. 012071
Author(s):  
N K I Mayasti ◽  
R Kumalasari ◽  
R Ekafitri ◽  
D Desnilasari ◽  
D N Surahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raw Material ◽  
Selection Of
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