scholarly journals The Effect of a Cross-Training Program on the Body Composition, the Physical Working Capacity and the Record Level of 5000m Runners

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 51-58
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Training Program ◽  
The Body ◽  
Physical Working Capacity ◽  
Working Capacity ◽  
Cross Training

scholarly journals Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Diet Quality Profile of the Lithuanian Team of Deaf Women’s Basketball Players

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (18) ◽  
pp. 6749
Author(s):  
Marius Baranauskas ◽  
Valerija Jablonskienė ◽  
Jonas Algis Abaravičius ◽  
Rimantas Stukas
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
The Body ◽  
Physical Working Capacity ◽  
Working Capacity ◽  
Women's Basketball ◽  
Basketball Team

There are about 466 million people with hearing impairments in the world. The scientific literature does not provide sufficient data on the actual nutrition and other variables of professional deaf athletes. The objectives of this study were to investigate and evaluate the body composition, the physical working capacity, the nutrition intake, and the blood parameters of iron and vitamin D in the Lithuanian high-performance deaf women’s basketball team players. The female athletes (n = 14) of the Lithuanian deaf basketball team aged 26.4 ± 4.5 years were recruited for an observational cross-sectional study. A 7-day food recall survey method was used to investigate their actual diet. The measurements of the body composition were performed using the BIA (bioelectrical impedance analysis) tetra-polar electrodes. In order to assess the cardiorespiratory and aerobic fitness levels of athletes, ergo-spirometry (on a cycle ergometer) was used to measure the peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak) and the physical working capacity at a heart rate of 170 beats per minute (PWC170). The athletes’ blood tests were taken to investigate the red blood cells, hemoglobin, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, ferritin, transferrin, iron concentrations, and total iron-binding capacity (TIBC). The consideration of the VO2peak (55.9 ± 6.1 mL/min/kg of body weight, 95% CI: 51.8, 58.9) and the low VO2peak (56–60 mL/min/kg of body weight) (p = 0.966) in the deaf women’s basketball team players revealed no differences. For the deaf female athletes, the PWC170 was equal to 20.3 ± 2.0 kgm/min/kg of body weight and represented only the average aerobic fitness level. The carbohydrate and protein intakes (5.0 ± 1.3 and 1.3 ± 0.3 g/kg of body weight, respectively) met only the minimum levels recommended for athletes. The fat content of the diet (38.1 ± 4.1% of energy intake) exceeded the maximum recommended content (35% of energy intake) (p = 0.012). The mean blood serum concentrations of 25(OH)D and ferritin (24.1 ± 6.6 nmol/L and 11.0 ± 4.1 µg/L, respectively) predicted vitamin D and iron deficits in athletes. Female athletes had an increased risk of vitamin D and iron deficiencies. Regardless of iron deficiency in the body, the better cardiorespiratory fitness of the deaf female athletes was essentially correlated with the higher skeletal muscle mass (in terms of size) (r = 0.61, p = 0.023), the lower percentage of body fat mass (r = −0.53, p = 0.049), and the reduced intake of fat (r = −0.57, p = 0.040).

scholarly journals BODY COMPOSITION AND PARAMETERS OF AEROBIC AND ANAEROBIC WORKING CAPACITY AT SPEED-POWER PHYSICAL EXERCISES

2016 ◽  
pp. 113-117
Author(s):  
Y. I. Brel ◽  
L. A. Budko
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Functional State ◽  
The Body ◽  
Lower Amount ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Working Capacity ◽  
Male Athletes ◽  
Program Complex ◽  
Physical Exercises ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic

Objective: to analyze the features of body composition and parameters of aerobic and anaerobic working capacity at speed-power physical exercises. Material and methods. We examined 15 male athletes at the age of 18-20 and 15 young men of the control group. The body composition was evaluated using the parameters of bioimpedance analyzer АВС-01 «Medass», and functional state parameters by the data of the computer program complex «D-test». Results . Higher parameters of muscular and active cellular mass and lower amount of fatty mass in athletes were associated with lower parameters of aerobic working capacity comparing with the control group. Conclusion . The features of body composition and functional state parameters at speed-power physical exercises have been defined.

scholarly journals PPARα Gene Is Involved in Body Composition Variation in Response to an Aerobic Training Program in Overweight/Obese

PPAR Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Glêbia A. Cardoso ◽  
Mateus D. Ribeiro ◽  
Bruno R. V. Sousa ◽  
Yohanna de Oliveira ◽  
Klécia F. Sena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Aerobic Training ◽  
Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
The Body ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor

The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship of the polymorphism in Intron 7 G/C (rs 4253778) of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα) gene with the magnitude of changes in the body composition of an overweight and obese population that underwent an aerobic training program. Fifty-eight previously inactive men and women, body mass index (BMI) 31.5 ± 2.8   kg / m 2 , 46.5% ( n = 27 ) genotyped as CC genotype and 53.5% ( n = 31 ) as CA+AA, underwent a 12-week aerobic training (walking/running). Aerobic capacity (ergospirometry), body composition (DXA), and nutritional assessment were made before and 48 h after the experimental protocol. Two-way ANOVA, chi-square test, and logistic regression were used ( p < 0.05 ). Twenty-seven volunteers (46.5%) were identified as CC genotype and 31 (53.5%) as CA+AA genotype. Time-group interaction showed that there was no difference in these between two allele groups. However, differences in distribution of respondents or nonresponders according to allele A were identified for fat mass ( p ≤ 0.003 ), percentage fat mass ( p ≤ 0.002 ), the waist ( p ≤ 0.009 ), abdomen ( p ≤ 0.000 ), and hip ( p ≤ 0.001 ), this difference being independent for the fat mass. Meanwhile, sex, age, and nutritional management have also been found to be influential factors. It is concluded that the PPARα gene is involved in varying body composition in response to an aerobic training program.

scholarly journals Effect of Spinning Cycling Training on Body Composition in Women

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatih Kaya ◽  
Dilek Nar ◽  
Mustafa Said Erzeybek
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
The Body ◽  
World Health ◽  
Impedance Method ◽  
Weight Category ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Cycling Training

In this study the effects of a 6 week spinning cycling training on the body composition of women were investigated. Twelve sedentary women (32-47 years old) voluntarily participated in this study. The 6-week training program consisted of exercise sessions on 3 days per week. The intensity of the training program that was kept low in the beginning was increased in the subsequent weeks. The training sessions including the warm-up and cool down lasted for 30-60 minutes. The analyses on the body compositions were measured regularly every week with bioelectrical impedance method. In data analysis descriptive statistics and repeated-measures analysis of variance were used. In the end of the 6-week spinning workouts positive changes were observed in many parameters related to body composition. Particularly after the 3rd week the significant changes recorded were noteworthy. At the end of the 6th week those who were overweight by World Health Organization (WHO) standards moved onto normal weight category and those who were obese became overweight. In conclusion it was seen that the spinning cycling workouts were seen as as effective method to lose weight and reduce the body fat ratio among women in this age group. This exercise method may be recommended for getting good results among obese and overweight women in a short period of time.

scholarly journals Effects of Motor-Games-Based Concurrent Training Program on Body Composition Indicators of Chilean Adults with Down Syndrome

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 5737
Author(s):  
Claudio Farías-Valenzuela ◽  
Cristian Cofré-Bolados ◽  
Gerson Ferrari ◽  
Sebastián Espoz-Lazo ◽  
Giovanny Arenas-Sánchez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Down Syndrome ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Motor Skills ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
The Body ◽  
Concurrent Training ◽  
Muscle Area

Background: Concurrent training of strength and endurance has been widely ued in the field of health, with favorable effects on body composition. However, the effect on the body composition of a ludic-motor concurrent proposal in adults with Down syndrome has not been quantified yet. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of a concurrent training program based on motor games on body composition indicators and cardiometabolic risk on schooled male adults with Down syndrome. Methods: The sample is composed of 15 male adults with Down syndrome from Chile. Body composition variables such as body mass index, waist circumference, height to waist ratio, skin folds, perimeters, and muscle areas were assessed at the beginning and end of the program. Subsequently, a program of motor games was designed and implemented for 10 months. Results: Mean and standard deviation for body fat were pre (25.36 ± 5.60) and post (23.01 ± 6.20)%; waist circumference pre (86.00 ± 8.97) and post (82.07 ± 8.38) cm. Brachial perimeter and muscle area were pre (22.30 ± 2.80) and post (23.61 ± 2.28) cm; pre (40.19 ± 10.09) and post (44.77 ± 8.48) cm2, respectively. Our findings showed significant results (p < 0.05): body fat %; sum of folds; waist circumference; height to waist ratio; brachial perimeter and brachial muscle area. Conclusion: A concurrent training program implemented through motor skills games decreases body fat and cardiovascular risk and increases the muscle mass in male adults with Down syndrome.

The Effects of a Twice-A-Week Strength Training Program on Children

1993 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 339-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Avery D. Faigenbaum ◽  
Leonard D. Zaichkowsky ◽  
Wayne L. Westcott ◽  
Lyle J. Micheli ◽  
Allan F. Fehlandt
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Strength Training ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Vertical Jump ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Repetition Maximum ◽  
Resting Blood Pressure ◽  
Experimental Group

The effectiveness of a twice-a-week strength training program on children was evaluated in 14 boys and girls (mean age 10.8 yrs) who participated in a biweekly training program for 8 weeks. Each subject performed three sets of 10 to 15 repetitions on five exercises with intensities ranging between 50 and 100% of a given 10-repetition maximum (RM). All subjects were pre- and posttested on the following measures: 10-RM strength, sit and reach flexibility, vertical jump, seated ball put, resting blood pressure, and body composition parameters. The subjects were compared to a similar group of boys and girls (n = 9; mean age 9.9 yrs) who were randomly selected to serve as controls. Following the training period, the experimental group made greater gains in strength (74.3%) as compared to the control group (13.0%) (p < 0.001), and differences in the sum of seven skinfolds were noted (−2.3% vs. +1.7%, respectively, p < 0.05). Training did not significantly affect other variables. These results suggest that participation in a short-term, twice-a-week strength training program can increase the strength and improve the body composition of young boys and girls.

scholarly journals The Alteration of Young Boxers’ Athletic and Special Physical Fitness during the First Year of their Physical Training

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (67) ◽  
Author(s):  
Algirdas Čepulėnas ◽  
Vitalijus Subačius ◽  
Vidas Bružas ◽  
Pranas Mockus
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Athletic Training ◽  
Annual Cycle ◽  
Physical Training ◽  
The Body ◽  
Initial Training ◽  
One Year

The goal of this study was to analyze the alteration of young boxers’ athletic and special physical fitness during the annual cycle of their initial training. Research methods: literature review, experiment, testing, comparative analysis, and mathematical statistics. The sample consisted of 14 persons, who were training boxing for one year. The average age of the boxers was 14.9 ± 0.6 years. The duration of the experiment was 10 months (from September till June). The young boxers were training 1—1.5 hours 5 times per week according to the program which was made for them. The training program of one alternative was applied in the experiment. The initial training program contained 24.6% of athletic training, 27.6% of specialphysical training, 28.5% of technical training, and 19.3% of tactical training. The testing of the boxers was performed three times: the first testing was in October, the second one — in February, and the third one — in June. The following training means were used for the young boxers’ athletic training program: physical exercises on the special equipment, exercises with partner, exercises with weights (dumbbells), short distance running, point-to-point running, various jumps, throwing of the stuffed ball, various games. The main means for the young boxers’ special training were imitation exercises, exercises with a rope and lawn tennis balls, exercises at the boxing bags, straight and side thrusts to the boxing bag, defense exercises, thrust imitation using the dumbbells and the stuffed balls. During the annual cycle of the initial training there was a minor alteration in the indexes of the young boxers’ body composition: their height, body weight and Ketle index increased (p < 0.05), while the amount of the fat (%) within the body and the body weight index changed very little (p > 0.05). The strength of the sportsmen’s right hand palm was always bigger than the strength of the left hand palm. The boxers’ athletic and special physical fitness improved (p < 0.05) during one year of their initial training. The boxers’ speed, explosive strength, anaerobic glicolitic endurance, hand strength endurance and flexibility indexes increased significantly (p < 0.05). The strength of the single side thrusts with the front hand to the boxing bag increased from 106.3 ± 7.5 kg to 127.6 ± 8.15 kg (p < 0,05). The strength of the single thrusts with the straight hand increased from 135.2 ± 7.43 kg to 158.5 ± 6.74 kg (p < 0.05). The amount of the thrusts of the examined boxers during the period of 8 sec increased (p < 0.05) in each testing period and at the end of the experiment, the average amount of the boxers’ thrusts in 8 s was 43.5 ± 2.9. The training program, determined for one alternative experiment significantly improved the preparation of young boxers and did not harm their health. During the annual preparation cycle the athletic and special physical fitness of the boxers improved. The implementation of this experimental program made a positive influence on the alteration of the body composition indices of the young boxers.Keywords: athletic training, special physical training, boxing bag, energy input, total energy, total strength

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