scholarly journals Neurotechnologies: Development, practical application and regulation

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 502-521
Author(s):  
Irina A. Filipova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Development Programs ◽  
Neural Implants ◽  
Strategic Development ◽  
Logical Method ◽  
Further Development

Neurotechnology is one of the groups of technologies called disruptive or cross-cutting digital technologies. The spread of these technologies in many sectors of the economy can radically change human society. The state contributes to the development of technology when it implements strategic development programs and creates special legislation. The lack of regulation is an obstacle to the development and dissemination of this technology in practice. Therefore, the regulation of artificial intelligence technologies is actively created in the modern world. The law practically does not regulate other cross-cutting technologies, including neurotechnologies. The uncertainty of the further development of technologies and the impossibility of accurate forecasting of development explain the lack of regulation. At the same time, neurotechnologies are increasingly used in practice (neural implants, neural interfaces). According to experts, the pace of development of neurotechnologies in the next decade will lead to an explosive increase in their distribution in society. The subject of research in this article is the study of the need for the creation of special regulation. The objectives of the study include the analysis of risks associated with the development of neurotechnologies and the substantiation of opportunities to eliminate risks through legal regulation. Methods of system analysis, abstraction, legal modelling, the formal-logical method and the comparativelegal method are used in this study. The result of the work includes a greater likelihood of the future integration of the human body and artificial intelligence into a single system due to the development of neurotechnologies, which will require a rethinking of some personal and socio-economic human rights.

scholarly journals ON THE FUTURE OF LABOR LAW IN THE ERA OF CHANGE

2018 ◽  
pp. 55-65
Author(s):  
ANDREУ LUSHNIKOV ◽  
MARINA LUSHNIKOVA
Keyword(s):  
Labor Relations ◽  
Labor Law ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Social Partner ◽  
International Labor ◽  
The Future ◽  
Logical Method ◽  
Basic Characteristics ◽  
Further Development

Introduction: in this article the authors examine the complex issues related to certain contours of the future of labor law in the conditions of change. An analysis of contemporary Western and Russian literature on the stated topic is given. Methods: comparative legal, historical, system methods, as well as the modeling method and the formal-logical method. Analysis: particular attention is paid to the numerical growth of atypical labor relations, which are inherent in the postindustrial society. Their main characteristics associated with a deviation from the three classical cha- racteristics (personal, organizational and property), as well as from the model of the traditional «working» contract, are proposed. It stressed the importance of information, technological and social aspects of the new organization of work, discussed the problem of «living wage» and the prospects of its solution. Results: the authors proposed three options for further development of labor law, the most likely one was identified. According to the authors, this option is associated with a reduction in the scope of the mandatory legal regulation of labor relations and the total number of specialized regulatory legal acts, with an increase in the role of judicial law. Accordingly, the role of horizontal (individual-contractual and social-partner) regulation of labor relations increases. The article proposes the author’s periodization of the stages of labor organization. As the conclusions the basic characteristics inherent in labor law of the future are offered: 1) strengthening of flexibility in regulation of labor relations, expansion of the sphere of normative differentiation and contractual regulation; 2) the transformation of labor law towards a comprehensive legal education «human rights in the process of wor- king life», 3) the growing role of international labor law in connection with the process of globalization.

scholarly journals The artificial intelligence revolution: Achievements and prospects

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir Sergeevich Smolin
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Network Algorithms ◽  
Further Development

The commercially successful application of neural network algorithms in artificial intelligence (AI) systems and devices after 2010 has significantly accelerated the process of achieving new successes in solving “intellectual problems. Further development of work on AI will affect not only the technological order, but also social relations in human society, and it is necessary to think about the possible consequences of such an influence right now.

scholarly journals Indiscreet Charm of Digitalization

Legal Concept ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 40-47
Author(s):  
Yana Gaivoronskaya ◽  
Olga Miroshnichenko ◽  
Alexey Mamychev
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Social Regulation ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
The Law

Introduction: digitalization is a new trend of social development on the whole and the legal and political regulation in particular. The digitalization tempts and fascinates, attracts by its novelty and modernity. The idea of a fundamental change in the social order and social regulation under the digitalization influence in a broad sense is in the air and is already perceived as an axiom. At the same time, most people, both non-specialists in the area of social regulation, and even narrow professionals, will find it difficult to answer the question: what exactly will fundamentally change in the world, in society and in the economy, with the widespread introduction of digital technologies? As a result, the publications in the media and many scientific works resemble Hollywood blockbuster scenarios in the technocratic dystopia style, which leads researchers away from solving real problems of the legal regulation of changing social relations. The purpose of the study: to determine the model of interaction of law and digitalization in relation to the current level of technology development. Research objectives: to define the concept of digitalization; to consider the main trends in research on issues related to the large-scale spread of digitalization and artificial intelligence (AI) technologies; to determine the limits of the real impact of digitalization on the law and legal regulation. Methods: the system, structural and functional methods, the methods of analysis and synthesis, expert evaluation. Results: the paper describes one of the trends of modern interdisciplinary research, called by the authors “the effect of digitalization”. In relation to the sphere of legal regulation, the effect of digitalization is manifested in an attempt to see the fundamental novelty in relations using the latest technical means; the relations carried out in electronic form and/or using digital, network, telecommunication technologies, artificial intelligence. It is argued that the mediation of social relations with the latest technologies does not always lead to the change in the essence of relations and the need to create fundamentally new models of social regulation. Conclusions: digitalization in relation to the law appears in the modern world in two qualities: as an independent social phenomenon and as a tool designed to give the legal mechanisms efficiency and accessibility. At the present level of technology development the digitalization in relation to the law should be considered as a tool to improve the legal regulation quality. The Russian practice of “digitalization for the sake of digitalization” is dangerous and inefficient in social and economic terms.

scholarly journals Artificial Intelligence in Modern Journalism: History, Facts, Prospects for Development

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 555-568
Author(s):  
Olga Chertovskikh ◽  
Matvey Chertovskikh
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Mass Media ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Journalism History ◽  
History Of ◽  
Smart Machines ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Development Prospects

The article focuses on the issue of introduction of AI technology into the modern journalism. The topic proves to be of relevant importance as both mass media and press services reveal their direct dependence on the technological development level of the human society. It means that any new relevant technology can change the whole system. The objective of the article is to research the issue of Artificial Intelligence introduction into the modern journalism. The authors consider the history of the “smart machines” creation. Furthermore, they describe the current situation in the sphere of journalism, bring some specific examples of the existing and the projected systems and highlight the areas of possible practical application and the development prospects. They also obtain information on the main principles of the operation, the algorithms, the goals and the capabilities of the machines. In addition, the authors consider the advantages and the risks of this state-of-the-art technology, analyze the cultural and the psychological aspects of its mass introduction, make predictions concerning the prospects for the further development of this sphere, consider different scenarios of its development and identify the challenges and the advantages for the profession of a journalist. In conclusion, the authors state that despite the fact that AI in journalism is a mass phenomenon, all the projects of the introduction of Artificial Intelligence are not currently posing a direct threat to the profession. However, the fact that the mass media of different countries are starting to actively apply AI in journalism, emphasizes the relevance and the importance of further research in this sphere.

scholarly journals Subjects and Objects of Town-Planning Legal Relations

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (12) ◽  
pp. 53-61
Author(s):  
O. A. Romanova
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Urban Planning ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Town Planning ◽  
Planning Activity ◽  
Scientific Analysis ◽  
Scientific Significance ◽  
Further Development

The article substantiates the relevance of scientific analysis of the composition of town-planning relations for further development of legal regulation of town-planning and increase in efficiency of law enforcement activities in the field of urban planning. Based on the study of scientific sources, the author concludes that there is insufficient legal research in the field of legal regulation of urban planning. The paper shows the legal and scientific significance of studying the composition and specifics of town-planning relations for the further development of town-planning legislation and the formation of town-planning law. On the basis of the system analysis of the current town-planning and related legislation, the author provides for the legal characteristics of subjects and objects of town-planning legal relations taking into account the specifics of urban planning activity depending on their particular type, their features, problems of definition and identification, differentiation from related legal relations. The author proposes a possible classification of subjects and objects of town-planning relations depending on the type of town-planning activity and their nature.

scholarly journals Ideas of experimental pedagogy and pedagogical psychology in Russia and Kazakhstan

2021 ◽  
Vol 121 ◽  
pp. 03016
Author(s):  
Aleksey Alekseyevich Romanov ◽  
Marina Alekseevna Zakharishcheva
Keyword(s):  
Personal Growth ◽  
Intellectual Development ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Scientific Activity ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Strategic Development ◽  
New School ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Historical Heritage

The article draws attention to the sphere of historical and pedagogical knowledge. Being a product of the development of human society, it lies at the core of contemporary and future pedagogical culture. The mature conventional wisdom helps people to forge their own path in the modern world, to determine their self-identification and the prospects for their personal growth. The historical heritage of the first half of the 20th century, rich in invariant ideas, scientific and pedagogical experience, is viewed here by means of its inclusion in the construction of all spheres of life in modern Russia and Kazakhstan, including the development of pedagogy and psychology. The article reveals the stages of scientific activity of the outstanding teacher and psychologist A.P. Nechaev, characterizing the main milestones and dynamics of the formation of domestic experimental pedagogy at the beginning of the 20th century. It highlights the scholar’s ideas about syndromic psychology, holistic, mental and moral development of the personality, which are relevant even today. The research is based on conceptual ideas of dialogical pedagogy, problem-personalistic approach, retrospective, comparative historical and historical-phenomenological methods. Experimental pedagogy as a phenomenon of the early 20th century ceased to exist without quite exhausting its capabilities, but it laid the foundation for and determined the strategic development direction of child psychology, pedagogical psychology, genetic psychology, childhood ethnography, differential psychology and differential psychophysiology, and the experiment became a sturdy part of the scholarly apparatus of pedagogy and psychology. The potential of experimental pedagogy made it possible to pose and solve large-scale issues of creating a new school, scientific and pedagogical centers, finding solutions to a wide range of psychological and pedagogical problems, designing research schools that develop natural science, psychological and pedagogical problems of education and upbringing. The invariant ideas of this direction of moral, mental and intellectual development of students are also relevant at the beginning of the 21st century and can be used in the practice of contemporary school education.

Strategy of a Legal Framework Formation in the Field of Determining Liability for the Harm Caused by Technologies with the Use of Artificial Intelligence Elements

2020 ◽  
Vol 144 ◽  
pp. 118-124
Author(s):  
Anton E. Fedyunin ◽  
◽  
Alina D. Yakim ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Current Situation ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Comprehensive Strategy ◽  
Legal Situation

In the modern world, introduction of technologies with the elements of artificial intelligence into all spheres of life is developing rapidly, significantly ahead of the development of legislation. In this regard, the problem of determining liability for the harm caused by the use of such technologies arises. The problem can be solved by creating a comprehensive strategy for the development of the legal field in this area and bringing the current legislation to the level of information-oriented Society 5.0, the concept of which assumes technical breakthrough in the field of cyber technologies. The aim of this research is to analyze current situation in the field of legal regulation of liability for the harm caused by technologies with the elements of artificial intelligence and to determine the strategy for the formation of legal framework in this field. In the first part of the article the analysis of the current legal situation on the basis of scientific developments in this area is carried out, as well as the solutions proposed by the strategy for the development of artificial intelligence technologies as the basis for the formation of the legal framework are shown. The second part of the article is devoted to the strategy of a legal framework formation in the field of determining responsibility for the use of technologies with the elements of artificial intelligence. In conclusion it is said that the strategy under consideration can be realized by developing a set of measures aimed at implementing the provisions that define responsibility for the use of technologies with elements of artificial intelligence into current legislation.

scholarly journals THEORETICAL AND LEGAL ASPECTS OF THE EVOLUTION OF HUMAN RIGHTS IN THE CONTEXT OF DIGITALIZATION AND THE INTRODUCTION OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE TECHNOLOGY

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 662-668
Author(s):  
G.G. Kamalova
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
Digital Era ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
Artificial Intelligence Technology ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Right ◽  
Further Development

The article discusses the issues of further development of the human rights system in the context of digital transformation and modern scientific and technological progress. It is noted that at present there is an evolution of human rights, the peculiarities of their implementation, the formation of new ones. The right to access the Internet has been recognized in a number of foreign countries. In Russia, digital rights, the "right to oblivion" and other rights have been legally enshrined. It is proved that at present there is a transition to the next level of both understanding of recognized rights and freedoms, the peculiarities of their implementation, and the formation of new rights that are unthinkable in the so-called pre-digital era. As the most significant factor in the evolution of human rights, the introduction of artificial intelligence systems and biotechnologies is highlighted, which will change not only society and the state, but also the daily life of a person and his essence, which will require the modernization of the conceptual established provisions of law, including the understanding of the subject who possesses them. Modernity allows us to state the accomplished symbiosis of man and technology, which is increasingly called a cyborg in law. At the same time, it should be recognized that the legal aspects of cyborgization are still poorly studied. The experience of legal regulation of relations connected with the introduction of digital technological solutions into the human body is not enough. The author believes that the preliminary regulation in this area should be to a certain extent ahead of the curve, and without a scientific understanding of the emerging legal problems, it is difficult to develop a balanced legal regulation.

CONTENT OF TEACHING THE ELEMENTS OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN A SCHOOL INFORMATICS COURSE

2020 ◽  
pp. 3-10
Author(s):  
I. V. Levchenko
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
General Education ◽  
Extracurricular Activities ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Learning Experience ◽  
9Th Grade ◽  
Modern Information ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Form Variant ◽  
Theoretical Foundations

The article considers the feasibility of integrating artificial intelligence technologies into school education and identifies a problem in identifying didactic elements in the field of artificial intelligence, which must be mastered in a school informatics course. The purpose of the article is to propose variant of the content of teaching the elements of artificial intelligence for the general education of schoolchildren as part of the curricular and extracurricular activities in informatics. An analysis of the psychological, pedagogical and scientific-methodical literature in the field of artificial intelligence made it possible to identify the appropriateness of teaching schoolchildren the elements of artificial intelligence in the framework of a comprehensive informatics course, as the theoretical foundations of modern information technologies. Summarizing and systematizing the learning experience of schoolchildren in the field of artificial intelligence made it possible to form variant of the content of teaching the elements of artificial intelligence, which can be implemented in a compulsory informatics course for 9th grade, as well as in elective classes. The results of the study are the theoretical basis for the further development of the components of the methodological system of teaching the elements of artificial intelligence in a school informatics course. The research materials may be useful to specialists in the field of teaching informatics and to informatics teachers.

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