scholarly journals Defining Hindustani Raga Musicians and Their Relative Intra-Statuses: An Analytical Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pragya Pyasi ◽  
◽  
Sanjoy Bandopadhyay ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Relative Position ◽  
Delphi Method ◽  
Analytical Study ◽  
Current Investigation ◽  
Music Production ◽  
The World ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Different Parts

Two very widely used terms, ‘musicians’ and the ‘musicians’ statuses’, are commonly applied labels across the music fraternity, where Hindustani Raga Music [HRM] is no exception. In HRM, there are no objectively laid definitions of these two expressions. In different music cultures, musicians’ statuses were seen from the societal, economic, and based on the roles played in music production and rendering. The intra-status, a musicians’ relative position within the same group, is not clearly defined. The formal texts of HRM also do not categorically define a musician. In India, Afghanistan, and Pakistan, people use the words vAggeyakAr, kalAvant, mirAsI, kasbi, AtAi, zauqI, and others, but these terms do not categorize musicians within the periphery of a specific musician’s close circuit; these words do not point to intra-status. The current investigation used the DELPHI method to find some objective answers to defining musicians and their intra-status. The HRM Experts from different parts of the world with an average HRM association of 39.11 years joined this investigation. The research exercise systematically generated an objective definition of HRM musician and suggested methods for defining HRM musicians’ statuses.

scholarly journals An Analytical Study of Hinduism in the Writings of Muhammad Shariq

2019 ◽  
pp. 49-65
Author(s):  
dr.naseem Akhtar
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Study ◽  
Human Race ◽  
The World ◽  
Analytical Review ◽  
Different Parts ◽  
The Way ◽  
Divine Guidance

Religion has always been playing a very important role in the lives of all humans since the very beginning of life. Historians believe that there has never been lack of divine guidance in any period of time ever since the existence of human race, but with the passage of time the teachings of Islam were perverted and different religions and civilizations came into existence, some of which diminished with time while others adopting their teachings according to the modern and changing conditions continued to exist. However, religious teachings have always dominated other forces in the world mainly because of visionary efforts and a continued chain of prophets. Apart from Islam other religions also had their influnce on the systems. The study of religions has always been a well-established tradition among the researchers and thinkers who have always focused on this aspect of learning which paved the way to producing books of immense scholastic quality. People in different parts of the world had been expressing their opinions about the teaching of religions. Religious teachings were also debated in our part of the world-the sub-continent- which is evident from the writings of Hafiz Muhammad Shariq in his book “A detailed Study of Hindusim” which led to the opening of many gateways of research for knowledge seekers. In this article an analytical review of the special work of Muhammad Shariq on Hinduism is carried out.

scholarly journals Building Visual Anomaly Dataset from Satellite Data using ADS-B

10.29007/cznf ◽  
2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marko Kastelic ◽  
Janez Pers
Keyword(s):  
Satellite Data ◽  
Satellite Images ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Climate Zones ◽  
Anomalous Data ◽  
The World ◽  
Image Dataset ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Near Future ◽  
Different Parts

In this paper, we present a novel way of obtaining extremely challenging image dataset for the purpose of benchmarking image anomaly detection methods. By definition, anomalies are rare occurrences, and therefore, annotation of anomalies using human workforce is difficult and costly, as large amounts of mostly non-anomalous data need to be checked. To alleviate this problem, we use satellite images from Planet.com as the source of visual data, and combine them with ADS-B data to detect airplanes in a semi-automatic way. This way, our definition of anomaly is an appearance of an airplane on mostly airplane-free images. This not only speeds up annotation, but also provides the exact specification of what constitutes an anomaly, in an objective way. The resulting meta-dataset, containing references to Planet.com imagery and accurate annotations will be published in the near future. It will include locations of nearly 100 positions of airplanes on satellite images and the corresponding references to satellite images, captured in vicinity of large airports in different parts of the world, in different climate zones.

scholarly journals Aesthetics of Tashteer in the Arabian Poem between the Past and the Present

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 142-166
Author(s):  
Najiya Hussein Al-Tuhami
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Approach ◽  
Analytical Study ◽  
Practical Aspect ◽  
Material Life ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
Main Notion ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Universe

Survival and advancement of nations is attributed to their literatures. This is because literatures enable individuals to transcend the material life and be able to visualize the noble meanings and the world of aesthetics. Indeed, a language is the best level of describing self and others as it does not originate from the ego, but rather from the laws of the universe and existence. Moreover, it is not only a lexicon, but also a combination of words, indications, gestures, spaces, and imagery. It is, hence, possible to realize the significance of poetry as a definition of all the previous elements. Tashteer is a type of poetic art where a poet does not invent a new idea but rather adopts the idea of poetry by another poet. The poet follows the meter and rhyme set by the original poet, and thus is not allowed much space for creating a purpose apart from the original one. Therefore, a poet is confined to the predefined purpose and notion in terms of grammatical, syntactic and semantic aspects. The paper focuses on the study of the art of Tashteer of poet Ali al-Deeb who performed Tashteer on the poet of Abi Firaas (Araaka `Asaiyya al-Dam`). The study aims to introduce the art of Tashteer by addressing its practical aspect. The study also uses the descriptive analytical approach to illustrate the strength points of Mushatir (a poet performing Tashteer) and compare his poet with the original one in terms of serving the concept. The study comprises two parts; Part one is for defining the art of Tashteer in the Arabian poetry. Part two includes the analytical study of the poetry under Tashteer. The study concluded several findings including: al-Deeb clearly comprehended the purposes that Abi Firaas had in his poetry. Thus, he was able to have hold of the main notion of the text both linguistically and semantically. He was even able to penetrate into some of the lines and reveal the thoughts.

Indian Cultural Nationalism – Defining New Contours (Desha-shastra)

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 138-150
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Nationalism ◽  
Popular Media ◽  
Not Given ◽  
The People ◽  
The World ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Cultural Colonialism ◽  
Different Parts ◽  
Nation And Nationalism

Nation and nationalism are one of the most discussed terms in modern academics and popular media. India has embraced the people, practices, cuisines, customs, faiths, rituals, religions from different parts of the world. And it is an ever growing accommodative spirit of India and its nationalism. Not ‘only, rather’ but ‘also’ is the Indian approach. It has withstood cultural colonialism in one thousand years. The cantors of India have changed with time but have not given up on culture. Therefore a serious study of Indian view of nationalism as expressed by its ancient seers and modern thinkers is the need of the hour. The paper has three sections: 1. Definition of Cultural Nationalism in Indian approach; 2. Some main concepts of Indian Cultural Nationalism and 3. Indian Cultural Nationalism in the contemporary time Received 9th December 2020; Revised 15th March 2021; Accepted 28th March 2021

scholarly journals Retrospection of Heatwave and Heat Index: A Case Study using ERA5 Dataset

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amit Awasthi ◽  
Kirti Vishwakarma ◽  
Kanhu Charan Pattnayak
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Heat Waves ◽  
Extreme Temperature ◽  
Surface Air Temperature ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Heat Index ◽  
The World ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Different Parts

Abstract The frequency and intensity of extreme events especially Heat Waves (HW) are growing all around the world which ultimately poses a serious threat to the health of individuals. To quantify the effects of extreme temperature, appropriate information, and the importance of HW and Heat Index (HI) are carefully discussed for different parts of the world. Varied definitions of the HW and HI formula proposed and used by different countries are carried out systematically continent-wise. Different studies highlighted the number of definitions of HW, however mostly used Steadman’s formulae for the calculation of HI that uses surface air temperature and relative humidity as climatic fields which was developed in the late 1970s. Since then, dramatic changes in climatic conditions have been observed as evident from the ERA5 datasets which need to be addressed. Likewise, the definition of HW, which is modified by the researchers as per the geographic conditions, necessary modification in Steadman’s equation also needs to be done. This study will help the researcher community to understand the importance of HW and HI and think about its modification which further helps in better adaptation and application. Furthermore, it opens the scope to develop an equation based on the present scenario keeping in mind the basics of an index as considered by Steadman.

scholarly journals Collecting Data About the Impact of School Libraries on Education, at International Level, in Developing, Emerging and Developed Countries

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen Boelens ◽  
Henk Van Dam
Keyword(s):  
School Library ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
School Libraries ◽  
International Level ◽  
School Librarians ◽  
International Scope ◽  
The World ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Different Parts

This paper describes “work in progress”. It outlines attempts being made by the IASL Research SIG, the ENSIL Foundation and the Royal Tropical Institute in Amsterdam to collect consistent data about school libraries in developing, emerging and developed countries, using an international definition of what a school library actually is. During a meeting of the IASL Research SIG on 24 January 2012 it was agreed that a set of simple questions (approx. 10 questions for each group) which could be answered by pupils, teachers, school librarians and school leaders in different countries throughout the world should be developed . Sets of questions are now being reviewed by a selected group of school library practitioners and academics and by a small sub-committee of the Research SIG. Using the agreed sets of questions, preliminary data will then be collected by a number (school) library associations or other affiliated organizations in different parts of the world. Initial progress and results will be presented. It is to be hoped that some (initial) useful data and comparisons will demonstrate the international scope and impact of school libraries to all stakeholders, at international level.

scholarly journals Retrospection of heatwave and heat index

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amit Awasthi ◽  
Kirti Vishwakarma ◽  
Kanhu Charan Pattnayak
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Heat Waves ◽  
Extreme Temperature ◽  
Surface Air Temperature ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Heat Index ◽  
Threefold Increase ◽  
The World ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Different Parts

AbstractThe frequency and intensity of extreme events especially heat waves (HW) are growing all around the world which ultimately poses a serious threat to the health of individuals. To quantify the effects of extreme temperature, appropriate information, and the importance of HW and heat index (HI) are carefully discussed for different parts of the world. Varied definitions of the HW and HI formula proposed and used by different countries are carried out systematically continent-wise. Different studies highlighted the number of definitions of HW; however, mostly used Steadman’s formulae, which was developed in the late 1970s, for the calculation of HI that uses surface air temperature and relative humidity as climatic fields. Since then, dramatic changes in climatic conditions have been observed as evident from the ERA5 datasets which need to be addressed; likewise, the definition of HW, which is modified by the researchers as per the geographic conditions. It is evident from the ERA5 data that the temperature has increased by 1–2 °C as compared to the 1980s. There is a threefold increase in the number of heatwave days over most of the continents in the last 40 years. This study will help the researcher community to understand the importance of HW and HI. Furthermore, it opens the scope to develop an equation based on the present scenario keeping in mind the basics of an index as considered by Steadman.

The Role of Moral Education on the Dress Code in the Higher Learning Institution

Sains Insani ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-14
Author(s):  
Ira Meilita Ibrahim ◽  
Taufik A. Latif ◽  
Afi Roshezry Abu Bakar ◽  
Muthualagan Thangavelu
Keyword(s):  
Moral Education ◽  
Private University ◽  
Public University ◽  
Higher Learning ◽  
Private Institutions ◽  
Dress Code ◽  
Institutions Of Higher Learning ◽  
The World ◽  
Definition Of

The advancement of European dress to the rest of the world was linked to the definition of civilization as “a stage of social development considered to be more advanced” and “polite and good-mannered”. The widespread of their fashion style in the 19th and 20th centuries influenced the way the rest of the world attire. The fashion trend and dressing style thus change the purpose of dressing through time. The dressing style in campuses especially in private institutions of higher learning is under particular scrutiny, as it is often said to be inappropriate for a learning environment. This study looked at the importance of moral education, and its role in implementing the dress code for students among university students especially between two types of university i.e. public university and private university. It looked on the dressing style of students, both male and female, and the factors that lead to their dressing pattern which is common among students. This study also advocated the students’ understanding of the content of dress codes in their learning institution and the role played by moral education in regard to dress code. The overall study highlighted students’ perception towards the implementation of the dress code and punishment in their learning institution. The methodologies used to carry out this study are questionnaires and interviews. This study will therefore ascertain the important of dress code among students at higher learning institution and the role of moral education in cultivating values in order to dress properly or decently. Key Words: moral education, dress code, higher learning institution, civilization.

BIOASSAY CHARACTERISTICS OF INDIVIDUAL URINARY GONADOTROPHIN EXTRACTS

1963 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 214-224
Author(s):  
Raymond C. Mellinger ◽  
Jalileh A. Mansour ◽  
Richmond W. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Reference Material ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Reference Standard ◽  
General Acceptance ◽  
Modifying Factors ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
The World ◽  
Quantitative Bioassay ◽  
Different Parts ◽  
Age And Sex

ABSTRACT A reference standard is widely sought for use in the quantitative bioassay of pituitary gonadotrophin recovered from urine. The biologic similarity of pooled urinary extracts obtained from large numbers of subjects, utilizing groups of different age and sex, preparing and assaying the materials by varying techniques in different parts of the world, has lead to a general acceptance of such preparations as international gonadotrophin reference standards. In the present study, however, the extract of pooled urine from a small number of young women is shown to produce a significantly different bioassay response from that of the reference materials. Gonadotrophins of individual subjects likewise varied from the multiple subject standards in many instances. The cause of these differences is thought to be due to the modifying influence of non-hormonal substances extracted from urine with the gonadotrophin and not necessarily to variations in the gonadotrophins themselves. Such modifying factors might have similar effects in a comparative assay of pooled extracts contributed by many subjects, but produce significant variations when material from individual subjects is compared. It is concluded that the expression of potency of a gonadotrophic extract in terms of pooled reference material to which it is not essentially similar may diminish rather than enhance the validity of the assay.

Christianity in the Twentieth Century

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Stanley
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Racial Identity ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Central Importance ◽  
Regional Survey ◽  
History Of Christianity ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Different Parts

This book charts the transformation of one of the world's great religions during an age marked by world wars, genocide, nationalism, decolonization, and powerful ideological currents, many of them hostile to Christianity. The book traces how Christianity evolved from a religion defined by the culture and politics of Europe to the expanding polycentric and multicultural faith it is today—one whose growing popular support is strongest in sub-Saharan Africa, Latin America, China, and other parts of Asia. The book sheds critical light on themes of central importance for understanding the global contours of modern Christianity, illustrating each one with contrasting case studies, usually taken from different parts of the world. Unlike other books on world Christianity, this one is not a regional survey or chronological narrative, nor does it focus on theology or ecclesiastical institutions. The book provides a history of Christianity as a popular faith experienced and lived by its adherents, telling a compelling and multifaceted story of Christendom's fortunes in Europe, North America, and across the rest of the globe. It demonstrates how Christianity has had less to fear from the onslaughts of secularism than from the readiness of Christians themselves to accommodate their faith to ideologies that privilege racial identity or radical individualism.

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