scholarly journals Geochemical controls on the distribution of radio-trace elements in groundwater resources of Shir-Kuh granitoid aquifer, central Iran

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 974-989 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bahareh Yazdizadeh ◽  
Hadi Jafari ◽  
Rahim Bagheri
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Arid Regions ◽  
Major Ions ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Major And Trace Elements ◽  
Mineral Weathering ◽  
Central Iran ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Calcite Dissolution

Abstract Granitic groundwaters are important resources in arid regions. However, they are not always pure due to having appreciable amounts of trace elements. The present study was conducted to investigate chemical compositions for finding controls on distribution of heavy metals and natural radioelements (U and Th) in groundwater resources of Shir-Kuh granitoid aquifer (SGA), central Iran. Thirty water samples were collected and analyzed for major and trace elements. The average values of electrical conductivity (EC) and pH are 624 μs/cm and 7.5, respectively. The dominant groundwater type is Ca-HCO3, as a result of the calcite dissolution and biotite weathering. Principal component analysis in support of mass balance studies recognizes dissolution of fracture-filling sediments and rock mineral weathering as the main factors enhancing major ions in SGA. These processes also release trace elements in decreasing order of Sr > Ba > Sn > W > Cu > U > Zn > Th. Weathering of biotite enclosing accessory minerals of monazite and zircon is introduced as the main source of radio-trace elements in SGA. Health concerns are currently related to U in drinking groundwater, as the maximum concentration (13.6 μg/L) approaches the Iranian drinking standard of 15 μg/L, in response to the oxidizing nature of the groundwater, calcite dissolution-related mobilization, and the degree of the water–rock interactions.

scholarly journals Hydrogeology and Hydrogeochemistry of the Lauria Mountains Northern Sector Groundwater Resources (Basilicata, Italy)

Geofluids ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Filomena Canora ◽  
Giovanna Rizzo ◽  
Simona Panariello ◽  
Francesco Sdao
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotopes ◽  
Major Ions ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Standard Test ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Test Procedures ◽  
Groundwater Samples ◽  
Chemical Content ◽  
Northern Sector

In this study, the hydrogeological characterization of the northern sector of the Lauria Mounts carbonate hydrostructure (southern Apennines, Basilicata region) has been carried out and the hydrochemical properties of different collected groundwater samples have been characterized. Several normal springs drain the hydrostructure, some of them characterized by high annual mean discharges. Groundwater samples were collected from different springs; many parameters such as pH, electrical conductivity, and total dissolved solids have been measured, and major (cations and anions) elements and stable isotopes have been analysed following standard test procedures. Other chemical characteristics were derived from the analysed quality parameters. The results elucidate that the main hydrogeochemical processes control the chemical content and assess the quality of the groundwater within the hydrostructure. The analyses highlight that the chemical compositions of groundwater are strongly influenced by the lithology, especially limestones and dolomitic limestones; they explain and confirm the hydrogeological setting of the system. The groundwater system displays light different geochemical signatures. The processes contributing to the concentrations of major ions depend primarily on carbonate dissolution. The analysis, in all studied groundwater samples, shows that the facies groundwater type is Ca–HCO3, bicarbonate is the dominant anion, and calcium is the dominant cation with appreciable magnesium concentrations. To identify the aquifer’s recharge areas, the environmental stable isotopes oxygen and hydrogen, deuterium, and 18O were analysed. The unaltered δ18O and δD signatures for the groundwater of the major springs allows identifying the recharge area of these emergencies at elevations ranging from 900 m to 1000 m (a.s.l.), pointing out the presence of deeper flow regime feeding of these springs. The groundwater sample isotopic characteristics of D and 18O suggest that most of the groundwater is recharged directly by infiltration in a high-permeability medium.

Discrimination between extrusive and intrusive Archean ultramafic rocks in the Shaw Dome area using selected major and trace elements

1979 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. L. Muir
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Statistical Methods ◽  
Major And Trace Elements ◽  
Ultramafic Rocks ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Chemical Basis ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Chemical Discrimination ◽  
Nickel Sulphides

The ultramafic rocks in the Shaw Dome area, southeast of Timmins, Ontario, are divided on the basis of held criteria into two groups for the purpose of comparing their chemical compositions: (1) extrusive ultramafic rocks consisting of peridotitic komatiites and (2) intrusive ultramafic rocks, consisting of dunites and lherzolites.The two groups can be distinguished on a chemical basis by graphical and statistical methods which provide accuracies of extrusive–intrusive classification of about 92 and 96% respectively. Both methods provide qualitative and quantitative aspects of discrimination.The discriminating parameters were developed using samples which show all types and degrees of alteration that are common in ultramafic rocks. Preliminary studies indicate that the genera! procedure for chemical discrimination between extrusive and intrusive ultramafic rocks may be applicable to similar Archean rocks from other areas.In addition, the separation provides an aid to exploration for minerals such as nickel sulphides, asbestos, magnesite, and gold which may be largely restricted to either extrusive or intrusive ultramafic rocks.

scholarly journals GIS-based assessment of groundwater quality and suitability for drinking and irrigation purposes in the outlet and central parts of Wadi El-Assiuti, Assiut Governorate, Egypt

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanaa A. Megahed
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Trace Elements ◽  
Major Ions ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
World Health ◽  
Arid Environments ◽  
Drinking And Irrigation ◽  
Groundwater Samples

Abstract Background The limited water resources in arid environments in addition to the effect of agricultural and anthropogenic activities on groundwater quantity and quality necessitate paying more attention to the quality assessment of these resources. The present studies assess the quality of groundwater resources in Wadi El-Assiuti, south Egypt, and evaluate their suitability for drinking and irrigation purposes. To achieve this goal, 159 groundwater samples were collected from the outlet and central parts of the Wadi El-Assiuti during the autumn season (October–November) of 2019 and were analyzed for major ions, trace elements and heavy metals. Results The results indicate that the TDS values range between 1972 and 6217 ppm, while the concentration of trace elements (Fe++, Mn++ and Ni+) ranges between 0.05 and 0.46, 0.11 and 0.221 and 0.01 and 0.6 ppm, respectively. These results show that all groundwater samples are clearly unacceptable and inappropriate for human drinking due to their high content of total dissolved solids, trace elements and heavy metals, particularly in the majority of samples according to World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines and the Egyptian standards (Eg. St. 2007) for drinking water quality. Spatial analysis of the TDS values in geographic information system environment indicates that the salinity is higher in the northeast and gradually decreases southward. Sodium adsorption ratio, US Salinity Laboratory classification (1954), residual sodium carbonate, soluble sodium percentage and permeability index show that most groundwater samples are suitable for irrigation purposes. Conclusions The integrated approach provided in this study highlights the spatially distributed suitability of groundwater resources in Wadi El-Assiuti and can be applied in similar basins worldwide.

scholarly journals First Results on Moss Biomonitoring of Trace Elements in the Central Part of Georgia, Caucasus

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 317
Author(s):  
Omari Chaligava ◽  
Igor Nikolaev ◽  
Khetag Khetagurov ◽  
Yulia Lavrinenko ◽  
Anvar Bazaev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Major And Trace Elements ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Anthropogenic Factor ◽  
Analogous Data ◽  
First Results ◽  
Moss Biomonitoring

The moss biomonitoring technique was used for assessment of air pollution in the central part of Georgia, Caucasus, in the framework of the UNECE ICP Vegetation. A total of 35 major and trace elements were determined by two complementary analytical techniques, epithermal neutron activation analysis (Na, Mg, Al, Cl, K, Ca, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Zn, Se, B, Rb, Sr, Zr, Mo, Sb, I, Cs, Ba, La, Ce, Nd, Sm, Eu, Tb, Yb, Hf, Ta, W, Th, and U) and atomic absorption spectrometry (Cu, Cd, and Pb) in the moss samples collected in 2019. Principal Component Analyses was applied to show the association between the elements in the study area. Four factors were determined, of which two are of geogenic origin (Factor 1 including Na, Al, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Fe, Co, Ni, Th, and U and Factor 3 with As, Sb, and W), mixed geogenic–anthropogenic (Factor 2 with Cl, K, Zn, Se, Br, I, and Cu) and anthropogenic (Factor 4 comprising Ca, Cd, Pb, and Br). Geographic information system (GIS) technologies were used to construct distributions maps of factor scores over the investigated territory. Comparison of the median values with the analogous data of moss biomonitoring in countries with similar climatic conditions was carried out.

scholarly journals Confirming anthropogenic influences on the major organic and inorganic constituents of rainwater in an urban area

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-117
Author(s):  
K. Chon ◽  
Y. Kim ◽  
D. H. Bae ◽  
J. Cho
Keyword(s):  
Trace Metals ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Major Ions ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Anthropogenic Sources ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Weighted Mean ◽  
Pyrolysis Gas

Abstract. The chemical composition and organic compounds of rainwater were investigated from June to December 2012 at Gwangju in Korea. The volume weighted mean of pH ranged from 3.83 to 8.90 with an average of 5.78. 50 % of rainwater samples had pH values below 5.6. The volume-weighted mean concentration (VWMC) of major ions followed the order: Cl− > SO42− > NH4+ > Na+ > NO3− > Ca2+ > Mg2+ > K+. The VWMC of trace metals decreased in the order as follows Zn > Al > Fe > Mn > Pb > Cu > Ni > Cd > Cr. The VWMCs of major ions and trace metals were higher in winter than in summer. The high enrichment factors indicate that Zn, Pb, Cu, and Cd originated predominantly from anthropogenic sources. Factor analysis (principal component analysis) indicates the influence of anthropogenic pollutants, sea salt, and crustal materials on the chemical compositions of rainwater. Benzoic acids, 1H-Isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione, phthalic anhydride, benzene, acetic acids, 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acids, benzonitrile, acetaldehyde, and acetamide were the most prominent pyrolysis fragments for rainwater organic compounds identified by pyrolysis gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS). The results indicate that anthropogenic sources are the most important factors affecting the organic composition of rainwater in urban area.

scholarly journals Concentrations of major and trace elements in the soils, edible parts of crops and urine of farmers in agroecological communities

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 42623
Author(s):  
João Paulo Siqueira da Silva ◽  
Clístenes Williams Araújo do Nascimento ◽  
Alexsandra Xavier do Nascimento ◽  
Yuri Jacques Bezerra da Silva ◽  
Caroline Miranda Biondi
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Toxic Elements ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Local Environment ◽  
Major And Trace Elements ◽  
Urinary Concentration ◽  
Reference Ranges ◽  
Crop Fields ◽  
Nutritional Needs ◽  
Edible Parts

The relationship between soil and health is important for populations that depend on the local environment to meet their nutritional needs. This study aimed to evaluate the concentrations of major and trace elements in the soils, edible parts of crops and urine of farmers in agroecological communities. We collected samples of soil, edible parts of crops and urine of farmers and family members in 23 crop fields in agroecological communities from northeast Brazil. These samples were analyzed to concentrations of Al, As, Ca, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mg, Zn, and Pb in urine and discriminant analysis and principal component analysis were used to assess the data. Concentrations of potentially toxic elements in soils and crops of agroecosystems were below regulatory levels. Farmers living in agroecological communities present most of the essential and toxic elements in urine within the reference ranges. In general, results showed that urinary concentration of toxic elements among farmers and their families were below allowable limits, which may be due to the agroecological practices.

Spatial distribution and geochemistry of major and trace elements from Mohoș peatland, Harghita Mountains, Romania

The Holocene ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (12) ◽  
pp. 1936-1947 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mihaela Vasilica Adumitroaei ◽  
Gabriel Ovidiu Iancu ◽  
Bogdan Gabriel Rățoi ◽  
Costel Silviu Doru ◽  
Cristian Marius Sandu
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
Mining Area ◽  
Emission Spectrometry ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Distribution Maps

The Mohoș peatland is used as environmental archives of deposition for major (Al, Ca, Mg, Fe, and Mn) and minor elements (Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Sr, and Zn). The intense mining activity of Cu-rich pyrite and polymetallic sulfide ore from Bălan districts during the past centuries with a strong pollution impact was the reason why the Mohoș peatland, located in the vicinity of a mining area, was selected for this study. The mineralogical and chemical compositions of the peat have been determined by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and x-ray diffraction (XRD). The identification of the main processes affecting the concentrations of the elements in peat was statistically evaluated by principal component analysis (PCA), and the identification of the main groups was determined by hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA). Our results revealed that the source of chemical and mineralogical peat samples is mainly geogenic with most of the elements being accumulated following the disintegration of parental material and through volcanic activity. For Pb, Zn, Ni, Al, and Sr, the concentrations were influenced by both natural processes and anthropogenic activities, such as mining, burning of fossil fuels, traffic activities, and metallurgy. Copper was influenced by anthropogenic activities. The distribution maps of trace elements were built only for the area in which the samples were taken.

scholarly journals Assessment of hydrological factors affecting shallow groundwater chemistry in the most urbanized area of the coastal sedimentary basin of Togo

2021 ◽  
Vol 384 ◽  
pp. 75-80
Author(s):  
Kossitse Venyo Akpataku ◽  
Masamaeya D. T. Gnazou ◽  
Yao Tse Agbefu Nomesi ◽  
Phintè Nambo ◽  
Komi Doni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Sedimentary Basin ◽  
Major Ions ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Shallow Groundwater ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Flow Paths ◽  
Hydrochemical Evolution ◽  
Factors Affecting

Abstract. The project to reduce environmental and health risks related to the activity of boreholes water sellers in Lomé (in French PRRESAF) was implemented to contribute to the guarantee of public health. One of its objectives is to improve the hydrological understanding of the shallow Continental Terminal (CT) aquifer tapped by water sellers. It is a vital water resource in the coastal sedimentary extending from Ghana to Nigeria. The results presented here are part of this project and aim at assessing the hydrological factors controlling CT groundwater quality and chemistry using principal component analysis (PCA), hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA), and GIS. High-resolution sampling campaigns for major ions water quality analyses were performed to improve the accuracy of factors assessment. The results showed that groundwater is predominantly acidic with varying degrees of mineralization ranging from very soft to brackish waters. The integration of multivariate results to GIS allows classifying samples into five main groups. They revealed the probable recharge and discharge areas, associated hydrochemical evolution along flow paths, and areas under the high impact of land-use dynamics, wastewaters/sewage infiltration, and interactions with surface water systems. This study appears useful for managing boreholes' water sellers' activity relative to the integrity of groundwater resources and public health.

scholarly journals Analyzing the major ions and trace elements of groundwater wells in Kuala Langat, Selangor

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hazimah Haspi Harun ◽  
Mohamad Roslan M. K. ◽  
S. Nurhidayu ◽  
Zulfa Hanan Asha’ari ◽  
Faradiella Mohd Kusin
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Major Ions ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Water Source ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Suitable Alternative ◽  
Groundwater Samples ◽  
Alternative Water ◽  
Iron Manganese ◽  
Groundwater Wells

The analysis of trace elements and major ions on groundwater wells in Kuala Langat become the aim of this paper for the purposes to investigate the quality of the groundwater to be considered as a suitable alternative water source for domestic purposes. The groundwater sampling was conducted in thirteen stations of groundwater wells. The groundwater samples were taken from the groundwater wells which scatter in agricultural areas in Kuala Langat, Selangor. The major ions parameters have analyzed in the groundwater samples were calcium, magnesium, potassium, bicarbonate, chloride, and sulfate (Ca2+, Mg2+, K+, Na+, HCO3 -, Cl-, SO4 2-). Meanwhile, the trace element parameters were aluminum, iron, manganese, strontium, zinc, and copper (Al, Fe, Mn, Sr, Zn, and Cu). Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was conducted to determine the influence of major ions and trace elements concentration in groundwater. Chloride, potassium, magnesium, strontium, calcium, and bicarbonate (Cl-, Na+, K+, Mg2+, Sr2+, Ca2+, and HCO3 -) were principal parameters in the first component of PCA analysis. The concentration of trace elements shows iron is the high concentration in groundwater samples. Hence, the concentration of iron in current sampling shows exceed the recommended level for raw water of the Ministry of Health. The influences from seawater intrusion and Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR) in groundwater also have been discussed.

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