scholarly journals Nitrogen-removal efficiency in an upflow partially packed biological aerated filter (BAF) without backwashing process

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pramanik Biplob ◽  
Suja Fatihah ◽  
Zain Shahrom ◽  
ElShafie Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Hydraulic Retention Time ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Loading ◽  
Biological Aerated Filter ◽  
Biological Phenomena ◽  
Nitrification Process ◽  
Aerated Filter

An upflow, partially packed biological aerated filter (BAF) reactor was used to remove nitrogen in the form of ammonia ions by a nitrification process that involves physical, chemical and biological phenomena governed by a variety of parameters such as dissolved oxygen concentration, pH and alkalinity. Dissolved oxygen (DO) and pH were shown to have effects on the nitrification process in this study. Three C:N ratios i.e., 10, 4 and 1 were compared during this study by varying the nitrogen loading while the carbon loading was kept constant at 0.405 ± 0.015 kg chemical oxygen demand m−3 d−1. The removal efficiencies of ammonia linearly increase with a rise of the initial concentration of ammonia-nitrogen. The results of the 115 days' operation of the BAF system showed that its overall NH3-N performance was good, where a removal efficiency of 87.0 ± 2.9%, 89.2 ± 1.38% and 91.1 ± 0.7% and COD removal of 87.6 ± 2.9%, 86.4 ± 2.1% and 89.5 ± 2.6% were achieved for the C:N ratios of 10, 4 and 1, respectively on average, over 6 h hydraulic retention time (HRT). No clogging occurred throughout the period although backwashing was eliminated. It was concluded that the BAF system proposed in this study removed nitrogen by the nitrification process extremely well.

Treatment of petrochemical secondary effluent by an up-flow biological aerated filter (BAF)

2016 ◽  
Vol 73 (8) ◽  
pp. 2031-2038 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Y. Fu ◽  
C. Y. Wu ◽  
Y. X. Zhou ◽  
J. E. Zuo ◽  
Y. Ding
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Secondary Effluent ◽  
Biological Aerated Filter ◽  
Total Removal ◽  
Aerated Filter ◽  
Final Effluent

In this study, petrochemical secondary effluent was treated by a 55 cm diameter pilot-scale biological aerated filter (BAF) with a media depth of 220 cm. Volcanic rock grains were filled as the BAF media. Median removal efficiency of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) was 29.35 and 57.98%, respectively. Moreover, the removal profile of the COD, NH3-N, total nitrogen and total organic carbon demonstrated that the filter height of 140 cm made up to 90% of the total removal efficiency of the final effluent. By gas chromatography–mass spectrometry, removal efficiencies of 2-chloromethyl-1,3-dioxolane, and benzonitrile, indene and naphthalene were obtained, ranging from 30.12 to 63.01%. The biomass and microbial activity of the microorganisms on the filter media were in general reduced with increasing filter height, which is consistent with the removal profile of the contaminants. The detected genera Defluviicoccus, Betaproteobacteria_unclassified and the Blastocatella constituted 1.86–6.75% of the identified gene, enhancing the COD and nitrogen removal in BAF for treating petrochemical secondary effluent.

scholarly journals FLUENT Simulation Design and Optimization of Biological Aerated Filter

2022 ◽  
Vol 2148 (1) ◽  
pp. 012037
Author(s):  
Shuqin Wang ◽  
Zhiqiang Zhang ◽  
Ning Wang ◽  
Wenqi Zhao ◽  
Chungang Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Biological Aerated Filter ◽  
Simulation Design ◽  
Initial Concentration ◽  
Design And Optimization ◽  
Aerated Filter

Abstract In this paper, a small biological aerated filter for experimental use was designed, and a method was explored to optimize the nitrogen removal efficiency by using FLUENT software to simulate the particle size of the filler, the amount of the filler, the initial concentration of ammonia nitrogen, dissolved oxygen and other operating parameters. Through the simulation experiment, the optimal design parameters of the particle size of filler, the amount of filler, the initial concentration of ammonia nitrogen and the dissolved oxygen of the biological aerated filter are 4mm, 60%, 15% and 1.5%, respectively, when the removal efficiency of ammonia nitrogen exceeds 30% reported in the literature. It provides a reference for the experimental research and practical application of biological aerated filter (BAF) denitrification.

The ecological filter system for treatment of decentralized wastewater

2016 ◽  
Vol 74 (7) ◽  
pp. 1553-1560
Author(s):  
Kun Zhong ◽  
Yi-yong Luo ◽  
Zheng-song Wu ◽  
Qiang He ◽  
Xue-bin Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Organic Pollutants ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Treatment Technology ◽  
Removal Rates ◽  
Carbon Nitrogen Ratio ◽  
Ecological Filter ◽  
Aerated Filter

A vertical flow constructed wetland was combined with a biological aerated filter to develop an ecological filter, and to obtain the optimal operating parameters: The hydraulic loading was 1.55 m3/(m2·d), carbon–nitrogen ratio was 10, and gas–water ratio was 6. The experimental results demonstrated considerable removal efficiency of chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonia nitrogen (NH4+-N), total nitrogen (TN), and total phosphorus (TP) in wastewater by the ecological filter, with average removal rates of 83.79%, 93.10%, 52.90%, and 79.07%, respectively. Concentration of NH4+-N after treatment met the level-A discharge standard of GB18918-2002. Compared with non-plant filter, the ecological filter improved average removal efficiency of COD, NH4+-N, TN, and TP by 13.03%, 25.30%, 14.80%, and 2.32%, respectively: thus, plants significantly contribute to the removal of organic pollutants and nitrogen. Through microporous aeration and O2 secretion of plants, the ecological filter formed an aerobic–anaerobic–aerobic alternating environment; thus aerobic and anaerobic microbes were active and effectively removed organic pollutants. Meanwhile, nitrogen and phosphorus were directly assimilated by plants and as nutrients of microorganisms. Meanwhile, pollutants were removed through nitrification, denitrification, filtration, adsorption, and interception by the filler. High removal rates of pollutants on the ecological filter proved that it is an effective wastewater-treatment technology for decentralized wastewater of mountainous towns.

scholarly journals Purification of Urban Sewage River Using a Biological Aerated Filter with Sponge Iron and Ceramsite Mixed Fillers

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Yi Wu ◽  
Jun Dai ◽  
Qiong Wan ◽  
Guobin Tian ◽  
Dongyang Wei
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Sponge Iron ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
Biological Aerated Filter ◽  
Treatment Technology ◽  
Phosphorus Adsorption ◽  
Urban Sewage ◽  
Aerated Filter

Filler plays an important role in biological sewage treatment technology. In the purification of urban sewage river, the single sponge iron filler is easy to harden. The combination of sponge iron and ceramsite can hinder the hardening and improve the removal efficiency. In this paper, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were used to characterize the fillers. The removal efficiency experiments were carried out through the self-designed biological aerated filter (BAF) reactor with sponge iron and ceramsite mixed fillers, and the microorganisms attached to the surface of the biological fillers were qualitatively and quantitatively identified through 16S rDNA. The results indicate that the presence of Fe3O4, Fe2O3, Fe3C, and Fe2CO3 in sponge iron determines that sponge iron has strong reducibility and provides electrons for efficient denitrification. NaAlSi3O8 in ceramsite filler plays a significant role in phosphorus adsorption. In #3, #4, and #5 reactors (the mass ratios of sponge iron and ceramsite were 1 : 1, 3 : 1, and 1 : 3, resp.), the removal efficiencies of mixed fillers are good on chemical oxygen demand (COD), total phosphorus (TP), and nitrogen (N), and the more the ceramsite fillers in the reactors are, the higher the microbial abundance and diversity are. The mixture of sponge iron and ceramsite can be used to purify urban sewage river. A scientific basis to purify the polluted water body of urban rivers in situ is thus provided.

Nutrient removal in reverse osmosis concentrates using a biological aerated filter

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 302-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. J. Choi
Keyword(s):  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Nutrient Removal ◽  
Biochemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Biological Aerated Filter ◽  
Aerated Filter ◽  
Ro Concentrate

The aim of this study is to employ a biological aerated filter (BAF) in the treatment of reverse osmosis (RO) concentrate received from reuse of treatment plant wastewater. Furthermore, the influence of chemical oxygen demand (COD)/N ratio on the nutrient removal was analyzed to find the detailed removal pathways of nutrients. The result was found to be high efficiency for biochemical oxygen demand removal (95.86%) compared to that of COD (88.95%) and suspended solids (81.12%). The total phosphorus (TP) (67.66%) and PO4-P (61.42%) removal efficiencies were relatively lower than that of total nitrogen (TN) (81.42%) and NO3-N (76.70%). This may be due to the fact that the biochemical oxygen demand (BOD)/TP ratio (8.01) was relatively low. Decreasing the COD/N ratio decreased TP and PO4-P removal efficiency. However, the removal efficiency of TN and NH4-N was increased from 47.60 to 64.54 and 54.17 to 73.72% with decreasing of COD/N ratio from 8.19 to 7.64, respectively. In addition, the denitrification rate and nitrification rate were increased from 211.8 to 301.0 mg/L d and 87.7 to 109.4 mg/L d, respectively, when COD/N ratios changed from 8.19 to 7.64. Therefore, in order to reuse the RO concentrate, the BAF process could effectively treat the RO concentrate.

scholarly journals Nitrification of low concentration ammonia nitrogen using zeolite biological aerated filter (ZBAF)

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 554-560 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin-Su Kim ◽  
Ji-Young Lee ◽  
Seung-Kyu Choi ◽  
Qian Zhu ◽  
Sang-Ill Lee
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Pond Water ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Biological Aerated Filter ◽  
Efficient Treatment ◽  
Low Concentration ◽  
Nitrogen Treatment ◽  
Aerated Filter

This study focuses on nitrification through a biological aerated filter (BAF) that is filled with a zeolite medium at low concentrations of ammonia. The zeolite medium consists of natural zeolite powder. The BAF is operated under two types of media, which are a ball-type zeolite medium and expanded poly propylene (EPP) medium. Nitrification occurred in the zeolite BAF (ZBAF) when the influent concentration of ammonia nitrogen was 3 mg L-1, but the BAF that was filled with an EPP medium did not experience nitrification. The ammonia nitrogen removal efficiency of ZBAF was 63.38% and the average nitrate nitrogen concentration was 1.746 mg/L. The ZBAF was tested again after a comparison experiment to treat pond water, and municipal wastewater mixed pond water. The ZBAF showed remarkable ammonia-nitrogen treatment at low concentration and low temperature. During this period, the average ammonia nitrogen removal efficiency was 64.56%. Especially, when water temperature decreased to 4.7℃, ammonia nitrogen removal efficiency remained 79%. On the other hand, the chemical-oxygen demand (COD) and phosphorus-removal trends were different. The COD and phosphorus did not show as efficient treatment as the ammonia-nitrogen treatment.

Biological Aerated Filter Applied to Advanced Treatment of Ammonia Nitrogen in Wastewater from Hair Products

2013 ◽  
Vol 361-363 ◽  
pp. 644-649
Author(s):  
Guo Min Tang ◽  
Peng Cao ◽  
Shuang Wang ◽  
Yun Chen
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Technology Support ◽  
Biological Aerated Filter ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Standard Requirement ◽  
Aerated Filter ◽  
The Moment

Wastewater from hair products was the industrial wastewater typically hard to treat with high concentration ammonia nitrogen (NH4+-N) and the low Carbon to Nitrogen (C/N) ratio. In this study ,a pilot-scale study was conducted on Biological Aerated Filter ( BAF) to deeply remove NH4+-N in wastewater from hair products, which aimed to provide technology support for hair products enterprises.The experiments showed that the optimal conditions of BAF was as following: the ratio of air to water was 19:1, the ammonia nitrogen volumetric load was 0.22 kgm3d-1, in this situation the removal efficiency of Chemical Oxygen Demand (CODcr) and NH4+-N were respectively from 25.0% to 32.5% and from 90.6% to 92.5%, the NH4+-N concentrations and CODcr in effluent were always under 12 mg/L and 100 mg/L respectively, which meet fully first class discharge standard requirement of Integrated wastewater discharge standard in china (GB8978-1996)(IWDSC). Moreover the experiment demonstrated that BAF returned to normal at the moment of 2.5 hours after the end of backwashing.

Performance of Polluted Source Water Treatment by Biological Aerated Filter (BAF) with Zeolite, Activated Carbon and Anthracite Media

2013 ◽  
Vol 777 ◽  
pp. 117-121
Author(s):  
Dong Wang ◽  
Li Ping Qiu ◽  
Chun Hui Guo ◽  
Qiang Liu
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Source Water ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Biological Aerated Filter ◽  
Turbidity Removal ◽  
N Removal ◽  
Aerated Filter

The performance of three BAFs with zeolite, activated carbon and anthracite media for the treatment of polluted Huaihe raw water were investigated. All three BAFs performed promising permanganate index (CODMn) and ammonia nitrogen (NH4+-N) removal efficiency as well as the turbidity removal was over 60%. Moreover, the CODMn and NH4+-N removal in the three BAFs were affacted by the characteristics of filter media. Activated carbon and anthracite had better CODMn removal than zeolite. Zeolite had the best NH4+-N removal, followed by activated carbon, anthracite was the worst.

scholarly journals Monitoring and control of a partially packed biological aerated filter (BAF) reactor for improving nitrogen removal efficiency

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 160-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pramanik Biplob ◽  
Suja Fatihah ◽  
Zain Shahrom ◽  
Elshafie Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Complete Removal ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Biological Aerated Filter ◽  
Monitoring And Control ◽  
Ph Profile ◽  
N Removal ◽  
Aerated Filter ◽  
And Control

This paper examines on-off systems and automatic monitoring and control of a biological aerated filter to identify the end point of nitrification and denitrification processes, and chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonia-nitrogen removal (NH3-N) and aeration savings. Oxidation-reduction potential (ORP), pH and dissolved oxygen (DO) were measured on-line and chemical parameters were measured in the wastewater. The ‘nitrate knee’ in the ORP profile was characterised by a breakpoint at average 160 min, representing the complete removal of NO3-N, i.e. the end of the denitrification period, as well as the end of the nitrification period was clearly shown in the pH profile (ammonia valley) at average 210 min for all C/N ratios. The NH3-N removal efficiencies were 92.30, 97.57 and 98.02% whilst the COD removals of 95.06, 96.38 and 97.56% were achieved for the C/N ratios of 10, 4 and 1 respectively. Therefore, the on-off control was operated at average 230 min for aeration time and 130 min for the anoxic period. Thus significant improvements can be achieved with respect to the continuous aeration strategy, and average operational costs reduced by 36.11%. The study showed that an on-off controller can easily be implemented in wastewater process-control, and monitoring systems improve effluent quality and reduce energy consumption.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document