Calibration of CE-QUAL-W2 for a monomictic reservoir in a monsoon climate area

2006 ◽  
Vol 54 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 29-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.W. Chung ◽  
J.K. Oh
Keyword(s):  
Model Calibration ◽  
Flood Events ◽  
Suggested Model ◽  
Monsoon Climate ◽  
Quality Model ◽  
Stratification Structure ◽  
Wind Sheltering ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Hydrologic Conditions ◽  
Modelling System

The impact of inflow mixing on reservoir stratification is significant for reservoirs situated in a monsoon climate area. It cause difficulty in the calibration of a two-dimensional hydrodynamic and water quality model, CE-QUAL-W2 that was recently adopted for a real-time turbidity monitoring and modelling system (RTMMS) for a reservoir in Korea. This paper presents a systematic calibration and verification processe of the model for the reservoir. A sensitivity analysis showed that wind sheltering, Chezy, and sediment heat exchange coefficients are most sensitive to stratification structure. Inflow temperature was very sensitive during a year of normal precipitation, but it is not significant during a year of drought. Residual analysis revealed that the model has shortcomings in the simulation of water temperature near the metalimnetic zone without calibration. After calibration, however, the absolute mean errors between observed and simulated values were placed within 0.116–1.190 °C. Its performance was maintained under heavy flood events during the verification stage, which implies that the model is ready to use for the simulation of turbidity plume in the RTMMS under various hydrologic conditions. The suggested model calibration strategy and relevant results may be adopted for other reservoirs located in a monsoon climate area.

Sewer flow quality modelling

1997 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 177-184
Author(s):  
Lennart Heip ◽  
Johan Van Assel ◽  
Patrick Swartenbroekx
Keyword(s):  
Model Calibration ◽  
Model Building ◽  
Quality Model ◽  
Hydraulic Behaviour ◽  
Measuring Campaign ◽  
Flow Quality ◽  
Wet Weather ◽  
Calibration And Verification ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Dry Weather Flow

Within the framework of an EC-funded SPRINT-project, a sewer flow quality model of a typical rural Flemish catchment was set up. The applicability of such a model is demonstrated. Furthermore a methodology for model building, data collection and model calibration and verification is proposed. To this end an intensive 9 month measuring campaign was undertaken. The hydraulic behaviour of the sewer network was continuously monitored during those 9 months. During both dry weather flow (DWF) and wet weather flow (WWF) a number of sewage samples were taken and analysed for BOD, COD, TKN, TP and TSS. This resulted in 286 WWF and 269 DWF samples. The model was calibrated and verified with these data. Finally a software independent methodology for interpretation of the model results is proposed.

scholarly journals Ectomycorrhiza resilience and recovery to extreme flood events in Tuber aestivum and Quercus robur

Mycorrhiza ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. W. Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Quercus Robur ◽  
Root Systems ◽  
Fruiting Bodies ◽  
Flood Events ◽  
Tuber Aestivum ◽  
Soil Zone ◽  
Extreme Flood ◽  
The Impact

AbstractVery little is known about the impact of flooding and ground saturation on ectomycorrhizal fungi (EcM) and increasing flood events are expected with predicted climate change. To explore this, seedlings inoculated with the EcM species Tuber aestivum were exposed to a range of flood durations. Oak seedlings inoculated with T. aestivum were submerged for between 7 and 65 days. After a minimum of 114-day recovery, seedling growth measurements were recorded, and root systems were destructively sampled to measure the number of existing mycorrhizae in different zones. Number of mycorrhizae did not display correlation with seedling growth measurements. Seven days of submersion resulted in a significant reduction in mycorrhizae numbers and numbers reduced most drastically in the upper zones. Increases in duration of submersion further impacted mycorrhizae numbers in the lowest soil zone only. T. aestivum mycorrhizae can survive flood durations of at least 65 days. After flooding, mycorrhizae occur in higher numbers in the lowest soil zone, suggesting a mix of resilience and recovery. The results will aid in furthering our understanding of EcM but also may aid in conservation initiatives as well as providing insight for those whose livelihoods revolve around the collection of EcM fruiting bodies or cropping of the plant partners.

scholarly journals Assessing the impact of hydrodynamics on large-scale flood wave propagation – a case study for the Amazon Basin

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jannis M. Hoch ◽  
Arjen V. Haag ◽  
Arthur van Dam ◽  
Hessel C. Winsemius ◽  
Ludovicus P. H. van Beek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Hydrodynamic Model ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Hydrologic Model ◽  
Flood Events ◽  
Coupled Models ◽  
Validation Parameters ◽  
Directional Coupling ◽  
Inundation Extent ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. Large-scale flood events often show spatial correlation in neighbouring basins, and thus can affect adjacent basins simultaneously, as well as result in superposition of different flood peaks. Such flood events therefore need to be addressed with large-scale modelling approaches to capture these processes. Many approaches currently in place are based on either a hydrologic or a hydrodynamic model. However, the resulting lack of interaction between hydrology and hydrodynamics, for instance, by implementing groundwater infiltration on inundated floodplains, can hamper modelled inundation and discharge results where such interactions are important. In this study, the global hydrologic model PCR-GLOBWB at 30 arcmin spatial resolution was one-directionally and spatially coupled with the hydrodynamic model Delft 3D Flexible Mesh (FM) for the Amazon River basin at a grid-by-grid basis and at a daily time step. The use of a flexible unstructured mesh allows for fine-scale representation of channels and floodplains, while preserving a coarser spatial resolution for less flood-prone areas, thus not unnecessarily increasing computational costs. In addition, we assessed the difference between a 1-D channel/2-D floodplain and a 2-D schematization in Delft 3D FM. Validating modelled discharge results shows that coupling PCR-GLOBWB to a hydrodynamic routing scheme generally increases model performance compared to using a hydrodynamic or hydrologic model only for all validation parameters applied. Closer examination shows that the 1-D/2-D schematization outperforms 2-D for r2 and root mean square error (RMSE) whilst having a lower Kling–Gupta efficiency (KGE). We also found that spatial coupling has the significant advantage of a better representation of inundation at smaller streams throughout the model domain. A validation of simulated inundation extent revealed that only those set-ups incorporating 1-D channels are capable of representing inundations for reaches below the spatial resolution of the 2-D mesh. Implementing 1-D channels is therefore particularly of advantage for large-scale inundation models, as they are often built upon remotely sensed surface elevation data which often enclose a strong vertical bias, hampering downstream connectivity. Since only a one-directional coupling approach was tested, and therefore important feedback processes are not incorporated, simulated discharge and inundation extent for both coupled set-ups is generally overpredicted. Hence, it will be the subsequent step to extend it to a two-directional coupling scheme to obtain a closed feedback loop between hydrologic and hydrodynamic processes. The current findings demonstrating the potential of one-directionally and spatially coupled models to obtain improved discharge estimates form an important step towards a large-scale inundation model with a full dynamic coupling between hydrology and hydrodynamics.

Toward a Smart Organization, Integrating KM Processes and Organizational Capabilities

2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Common Knowledge ◽  
Organizational Capabilities ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Direct Impact ◽  
Suggested Model ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Telecommunications Companies

It is common knowledge that organizations today face the challenges of growing competition. Therefore, organizations need to develop smarter to plan for several diverse and real-time challenges. The aim of this paper is to test the impact of knowledge management (KM) processes, organizational capabilities (OC), and mediating KM mechanisms and KM technologies toward a smart organization (SO). In this paper, structural equation modeling was applied by using Smart PLS 3.3.3 software to test hypotheses and the accuracy of the suggested model. The results showed a direct impact between all constructs and are a reflection of the SO of the employees (N=225) working in three Jordanian telecommunications companies. Additionally, the outcomes provision the partial mediating role of KM mechanisms and KM technology with OC in the SO. These outcomes can support leaders in generating a consciousness in addition to favorable OC, KM mechanisms, and KM technologies inside the organization, which enables the actual implementation of SO and uses the outcomes to plan their SO strategies.

scholarly journals THE INFLUENCE OF CLIMATE ON THE RESPIRATORY FUNCTION OF THE HEALTHY POPULATION OF VLADIVOSTOK AND PATIENTS WITH BRONCHOPULMONARY PATHOLOGY

2018 ◽  
Vol 97 (5) ◽  
pp. 418-423
Author(s):  
L. V. Veremchuk ◽  
E. E. Mineeva ◽  
Tatyana I. Vitkina ◽  
T. A. Gvozdenko
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Function ◽  
Pulmonary Ventilation ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Bronchial Obstruction ◽  
Healthy Population ◽  
Uncontrolled Asthma ◽  
Monsoon Climate ◽  
Climatic Impact ◽  
The Impact

Introduction. The climatic factors affect the mucous membrane of the respiratory tract contacting with the environment. The investigation of pulmonary ventilation plays a leading role in the diagnosis of bronchial obstruction in response to an external stimulus. Material and methods. The study included a healthy population of the city and patients with chronic catarrhal nonobstructive bronchitis (CCNB), controlled and uncontrolled asthma (131 people). The respiratory function (RF) was estimated by spirography and body plethysmography. Meteorological conditions were evaluated from the point of view of contrasting weather changes (on the survey day, on 1st and 2nd days before the survey). The degree of the climatic impact on RF was determined by the statistical module “Discriminant analysis”, used to a group of RF indices relatively adverse levels of impact of the monsoon climate. Results. The low level of the responsiveness in a healthy urban population was identified. The negative impact of climatic indices on the respiratory system in CCNB patients was observed mainly in extreme weather conditions. The influence of climatic conditions on patients with asthma depends on the level of the disease control. Discussion. The influence of climatic conditions was found to be within the adaptive and compensatory responses in a group of healthy people and CCNB patients. We assumed the use of basic drugs in patients with asthma without signs of bronchial obstruction to reduce the susceptibility of the receptors of the bronchi to the negative climatic impact. The greatest negative RF response to the impact of monsoon climate manifested both in static and in dynamic weather conditions, was observed in patients with uncontrolled asthma. It was associated with the impaired pulmonary ventilation. Conclusion. The results indicate the Far East monsoon climate to be an important risk factor for the exacerbation in patients with respiratory diseases.

scholarly journals Study of a Context Quality Model for UbiPri Middleware

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diandre de Paula ◽  
Daniel Saraiva ◽  
Romeiro Natália ◽  
Nuno Garcia ◽  
Valderi Leithardt
Keyword(s):  
Quality Indicators ◽  
Data Privacy ◽  
Context Information ◽  
Adaptation Process ◽  
Context Aware ◽  
Quality Model ◽  
Context Aware Computing ◽  
Quality Of Context ◽  
The Impact

With the growth of ubiquitous computing, context-aware computing-based applications are increasingly emerging, and these applications demonstrate the impact that context has on the adaptation process. From the context, it will be possible to adapt the application according to the requirements and needs of its users. Therefore, the quality of the context information must be guaranteed so that the application does not have an incorrect or unexpected adaptation process. But like any given data, there is the possibility of inaccuracy and/or uncertainty and so Quality of Context (QoC) plays a key role in ensuring the quality of context information and optimizing the adaptation process. To guarantee the Quality of Context it is necessary to study a quality model to be created, which will have the important function of evaluating the context information. Thus, it is necessary to ensure that the parameters and quality indicators to be used and evaluated are the most appropriate for a given type of application. This paper aims to study a context quality model for the UbiPri middleware, defining its quality indicators to ensure its proper functioning in the process of adaptation in granting access to ubiquitous environments. Keywords: QoC, Model, Context-Aware, Data, Privacy

scholarly journals Well Water Site Selection at Local Scale Using Geographical Information System for Flood Victim in Malaysia

2018 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 205
Author(s):  
Koh Liew See ◽  
Nayan Nasir ◽  
Saleh Yazid ◽  
Hashim Mohmadisa ◽  
Mahat Hanifah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Well Water ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Flood Events ◽  
Field Methods ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Area Data

Clean water supply is a major problem among flood victims during flood events. This article aims to determine the sites of well water sources that can be utilised during floods in the District of Kuala Krai, Kelantan. Field methods and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) were applied in the process of selecting flood victim evacuation centres and wells. The data used were spatial data obtained primarily, namely the well data, evacuation centre data and flood area data. The well and evacuation centre data were obtained by field methods conducted to determine the position of wells using global positioning system tools, and the same for the location of the evacuation centres. Information related to evacuation centres was obtained secondarily from multiple agencies and gathered into GIS as an evacuation centre attribute. The flood area data was also obtained via secondary data and was digitised using the ArcGIS software. The data processing was divided into two stages, namely the first stage of determining the flood victim evacuation centres to be used in this research in a structural manner based on two main criteria which were the extent to which an evacuation centre was affected by the flood and the highest capacity of victims for each district with the greatest impact to the flood affected population. The second stage was to determine the location of wells based on three criteria, namely i) not affected by flood, ii) the closest distance to the selected flood victim evacuation centre and iii) located at different locations. Among the main GIS analyses used were locational analysis, overlay analysis, and proximity analysis. The results showed that four (4) flood evacuation centres had been chosen and matched the criteria set, namely SMK Sultan Yahya Petra 2, SMK Manek Urai Lama, SMK Laloh and SK Kuala Gris. While six (6) wells had been selected as water sources that could be consumed by the flood victims at 4 evacuation centres in helping to provide clean water supply, namely Kg. Keroh 16 (T1), Kg. Batu Mengkebang 10 (T2), Lepan Meranti (T3), Kg. Budi (T4), Kg. Jelawang Tengah 2 (T5) and Kg. Durian Hijau 1 (T6). With the presence of the well water sources that can be used during flood events, clean water supply can be distributed to flood victims at the evacuation centres. Indirectly, this research can reduce the impact of floods in the future, especially in terms of clean water supply even during the hit of a major flood.

scholarly journals Effect of the uncertainty in meteorology on air quality model predictions

Időjárás ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 125 (4) ◽  
pp. 625-646
Author(s):  
Zita Ferenczi ◽  
Emese Homolya ◽  
Krisztina Lázár ◽  
Anita Tóth
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Weather Prediction ◽  
Horizontal Resolution ◽  
Model System ◽  
Air Quality Model ◽  
Quality Model ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
The Impact

An operational air quality forecasting model system has been developed and provides daily forecasts of ozone, nitrogen oxides, and particulate matter for the area of Hungary and three big cites of the country (Budapest, Miskolc, and Pécs). The core of the model system is the CHIMERE off-line chemical transport model. The AROME numerical weather prediction model provides the gridded meteorological inputs for the chemical model calculations. The horizontal resolution of the AROME meteorological fields is consistent with the CHIMERE horizontal resolution. The individual forecasted concentrations for the following 2 days are displayed on a public website of the Hungarian Meteorological Service. It is essential to have a quantitative understanding of the uncertainty in model output arising from uncertainties in the input meteorological fields. The main aim of this research is to probe the response of an air quality model to its uncertain meteorological inputs. Ensembles are one method to explore how uncertainty in meteorology affects air pollution concentrations. During the past decades, meteorological ensemble modeling has received extensive research and operational interest because of its ability to better characterize forecast uncertainty. One such ensemble forecast system is the one of the AROME model, which has an 11-member ensemble where each member is perturbed by initial and lateral boundary conditions. In this work we focus on wintertime particulate matter concentrations, since this pollutant is extremely sensitive to near-surface mixing processes. Selecting a number of extreme air pollution situations we will show what the impact of the meteorological uncertainty is on the simulated concentration fields using AROME ensemble members.

scholarly journals Quantifying Landscape Structure of the Kelantan River Basin Before and After a Major Flood Event Using Landscape Metrics

2021 ◽  
pp. 61-67
Author(s):  
H.Y. Abdul
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Landscape Structure ◽  
Monsoon Season ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Flood Event ◽  
Northeast Monsoon ◽  
Flood Events ◽  
Kelantan River Basin ◽  
The Impact

Over the years, flood is one of the natural hazards which occur all over the world and it is critical to be controlled through proper management. Flood in Kelantan is mainly caused by heavy rainfall brought by the Northeast monsoon starting from November to March every year. It is categorized as annual flood as it occurs every year during the Monsoon season. Severe flood events in Kelantan, Malaysia cause damage to both life and property every year and understanding landscape structure changes is very important for planners and decision makers for future land use planning and management. This research aims to quantify the landscape structure near to Kelantan River basin during the flood event using integrated approach of remote sensing (RS), geographic information system (GIS) technique and landscape ecological approach. As a result, this study provide new knowledge on landscape structure that contributes to understand the impact of flood events and provide the best ways to mitigate flooding for helping to protect biodiversity habitat and dwellers. As conclusions, this kind of study will give more benefits to various stakeholders such as Department of Irrigation and Drainage, Department of Environment, state government, fisherman and communities.

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