Laboratory-scale membrane up-concentration and co-anaerobic digestion for energy recovery from sewage and kitchen waste

2015 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 597-606 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyen Thi Tuyet ◽  
Nguyen Phuoc Dan ◽  
Nguyen Cong Vu ◽  
Nguyen Le Hoang Trung ◽  
Bui Xuan Thanh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Recovery ◽  
Membrane Filtration ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Organic Loading Rate ◽  
Kitchen Waste

This study assessed an alternative concept for co-treatment of sewage and organic kitchen waste in Vietnam. The goal was to apply direct membrane filtration for sewage treatment to generate a permeate that is suitable for discharge. The obtained chemical oxygen demand (COD) concentrations in the permeate of ultrafiltration tests were indeed under the limit value (50 mg/L) of the local municipal discharge standards. The COD of the concentrate was 5.4 times higher than that of the initial feed. These concentrated organics were then co-digested with organic kitchen wastes at an organic loading rate of 2.0 kg VS/m3.d. The volumetric biogas production of the digester was 1.94 ± 0.34 m3/m3.d. The recovered carbon, in terms of methane gas, accounted for 50% of the total carbon input of the integrated system. Consequently, an electrical production of 64 Wh/capita/d can be obtained when applying the proposed technology with the current wastes generated in Ho Chi Minh City. Thus, it is an approach with great potential in terms of energy recovery and waste treatment.

scholarly journals Influence of Pre-Hydrolysis on Sewage Treatment in an Up-Flow Anaerobic Sludge BLANKET (UASB) Reactor: A Review

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajinikanth Rajagopal ◽  
Mahbuboor Choudhury ◽  
Nawrin Anwar ◽  
Bernard Goyette ◽  
Md. Rahaman
Keyword(s):  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Uasb Reactor ◽  
Organic Loading Rate ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge Blanket

The up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) process has emerged as a promising high-rate anaerobic digestion technology for the treatment of low- to high-strength soluble and complex wastewaters. Sewage, a complex wastewater, contains 30–70% particulate chemical oxygen demand (CODP). These particulate organics degrade at a slower rate than the soluble organics found in sewage. Accumulation of non-degraded suspended solids can lead to a reduction of active biomass in the reactor and hence a deterioration in its performance in terms of acid accumulation and poor biogas production. Hydrolysis of the CODP in sewage prior to UASB reactor will ensure an increased organic loading rate and better UASB performance. While single-stage UASB reactors have been studied extensively, the two-phase full-scale treatment approach (i.e., a hydrolysis unit followed by an UASB reactor) has still not yet been commercialized worldwide. The concept of treating sewage containing particulate organics via a two-phase approach involves first hydrolyzing and acidifying the volatile suspended solids without losing carbon (as methane) in the first reactor and then treating the soluble sewage in the UASB reactor. This work reviews the available literature to outline critical findings related to the treatment of sewage with and without hydrolysis before the UASB reactor.

Enhanced anaerobic digestion as a sanitation and energy recovery technology

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 572-581 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Garoma ◽  
C. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Energy Recovery ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Total Coliform ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Treatment Technology ◽  
Volatile Solids

The potential for using an enhanced anaerobic digestion (AD) process as a sanitation and energy recovery technology for communities that lack access to basic sanitation was evaluated. For the enhanced AD system to generate a reliable supply of biogas, so that it can be adopted and self-sustained by the community, the use of algal biomass as a supplementary feedstock was evaluated. In addition, the effects of operational parameters on waste mineralization and biogas production were investigated. The results show that the system has the potential to be developed into an effective waste treatment technology, and it has produced high biogas yields and digested waste low in fecal bacteria and high in nutrients. Reductions of 42 to 51% in volatile solids and 29 to 45% in chemical oxygen demand were achieved at 35 °C. On average, total coliform and fecal coliform concentrations of 7.6 × 105 and 1.4 × 104 CFU per gram of total solids, respectively, were measured in the digested waste. The total nitrogen and phosphorus content of the residual was determined to be in the range of 9–17% as N and 3–7% as P (7–16% as P2O5). The biogas yields varied in the range of 0.47–0.57 mL per mg of volatile solids digested.

scholarly journals Biophotocatalytic Reduction of CO2 in Anaerobic Biogas Produced from Wastewater Treatment Using an Integrated System

Catalysts ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 76
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Kweinor Tetteh ◽  
Sudesh Rathilal
Keyword(s):  
Energy Demand ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Micropore Volume ◽  
Organic Content ◽  
Environmental Conservation ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Organic Loading Rate ◽  
Co2 Emission Reduction ◽  
Co Precipitation

This study presents the bio-photocatalytic upgrading of biogas utilising carbon dioxide (CO2) as a potential option for beginning fossil fuel depletion and the associated environmental risks in the pursuit of sustainable development. Herein, magnetite photocatalyst (Fe-TiO2) was employed with an integrated anaerobic-photomagnetic system for the decontamination of municipality wastewater for biogas production. The Fe-TiO2 photocatalyst used, manufactured via a co-precipitation technique, had a specific surface area of 62.73 m2/g, micropore volume of 0.017 cm3/g and pore size of 1.337 nm. The results showed that using the ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) photomagnetic system as a post-treatment to the anaerobic digestion (AD) process was very effective with over 85% reduction in colour, chemical oxygen demand (COD) and turbidity. With an organic loading rate (OLR) of 0.394 kg COD/L·d and hydraulic retention time (HTR) of 21 days, a 92% degradation of the organic content (1.64 kgCOD/L) was attained. This maximised the bioenergy production to 5.52 kWh/m3 with over 10% excess energy to offset the energy demand of the UV-Vis lamp. Assuming 33% of the bioenergy produced was used as electricity to power the UV-Vis lamp, the CO2 emission reduction was 1.74 kg CO2 e/m3, with good potential for environmental conservation.

scholarly journals The Concept of Wastes to Energy Using Sugary Wastes

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 57-62
Author(s):  
Fiza Sarwar ◽  
Wajeeha Malik ◽  
Muhammad Salman Ahmed ◽  
Harja Shahid
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Loading Rate ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Uasb Reactor ◽  
Organic Loading Rate ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Loading Rates ◽  
Sugar Mills ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge Blanket

Abstract: This study was designed using actual effluent from the sugary mills in an Up-flow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket (UASB) Reactor to evaluate treatability performance. The reactor was started-up in step-wise loading rates beginning from 0.05kg carbon oxygen demand (COD)/m3-day to 3.50kg-COD/m3-day. The hydraulic retention time (HRT) was slowly decreased from 96 hrs to eight hrs. It was observed that the removal efficiency of COD of more than 73% can be easily achieved at an HRT of more than 16 hours corresponding to an average organic loading rate (OLR) of 3.0kg-COD/m3-day, at neutral pH and constant temperature of 29°C. The average VFAs (volatile fatty acids) and biogas production was observed as 560mg/L and 1.6L/g-CODrem-d, respectively. The average methane composition was estimated as 62%. The results of this study suggest that the treatment of sugar mills effluent with the anaerobic technology seems to be more reliable, effective and economical.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/hn.v9i0.7075 Hydro Nepal Vol.9 July 2011 57-62

scholarly journals Evaluation of Anaerobic Digestion of Dairy Wastewater in an Innovative Multi-Section Horizontal Flow Reactor

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 2392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcin Dębowski ◽  
Marcin Zieliński ◽  
Marta Kisielewska ◽  
Joanna Kazimierowicz
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Flow Reactor ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Methane Content ◽  
Dairy Wastewater ◽  
Horizontal Flow ◽  
Organic Loading Rate ◽  
Biogas Yield

The aim of this study was the performance evaluation of anaerobic digestion of dairy wastewater in a multi-section horizontal flow reactor (HFAR) equipped with microwave and ultrasonic generators to stimulate biochemical processes. The effects of increasing organic loading rate (OLR) ranging from 1.0 g chemical oxygen demand (COD)/L·d to 4.0 g COD/L·d on treatment performance, biogas production, and percentage of methane yield were determined. The highest organic compounds removals (about 85% as COD and total organic carbon—TOC) were obtained at OLR of 1.0–2.0 g COD/L·d. The highest biogas yield of 0.33 ± 0.03 L/g COD removed and methane content in biogas of 68.1 ± 5.8% were recorded at OLR of 1.0 g COD/L·d, while at OLR of 2.0 g COD/L·d it was 0.31 ± 0.02 L/COD removed and 66.3 ± 5.7%, respectively. Increasing of the OLR led to a reduction in biogas productivity as well as a decrease in methane content in biogas. The best technological effects were recorded in series with an operating mode of ultrasonic generators of 2 min work/28 min break. More intensive sonication reduced the efficiency of anaerobic digestion of dairy wastewater as well as biogas production. A low nutrient removal efficiency was observed in all tested series of the experiment, which ranged from 2.04 ± 0.38 to 4.59 ± 0.68% for phosphorus and from 9.67 ± 3.36 to 20.36 ± 0.32% for nitrogen. The effects obtained in the study (referring to the efficiency of wastewater treatment, biogas production, as well as to the results of economic analysis) proved that the HFAR can be competitive to existing industrial technologies for food wastewater treatment.

scholarly journals Enhancement anaerobic digestion and methane production from kitchen waste by thermal and thermo-chemical pretreatments in batch  leach bed reactor with down flow

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 128-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Radmard Seyed Abbas ◽  
Alizadeh Hossein Haji Agha ◽  
Seifi Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Microwave Irradiation ◽  
Methane Production ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Lag Phase ◽  
Kitchen Waste ◽  
Gompertz Equation ◽  
Chemical Pretreatments ◽  
Pretreatment Conditions

The effects of thermal (autoclave and microwave irradiation (MW)) and thermo-chemical (autoclave and microwave irradiation – assisted NaOH 5N) pretreatments on the chemical oxygen demand (COD) solubilisation, biogas and methane production of anaerobic digestion kitchen waste (KW) were investigated in this study. The modified Gompertz equation was fitted to accurately assess and compare the biogas and methane production from KW under the different pretreatment conditions and to attain representative simulations and predictions. In present study, COD solubilisation was demonstrated as an effective effect of pretreatment. Thermo-chemical pretreatments could improve biogas and methane production yields from KW. A comprehensive evaluation indicated that the thermo-chemical pretreatments (microwave irradiation and autoclave- assisted NaOH 5N, respectively) provided the best conditions to increase biogas and methane production from KW. The most effective enhancement of biogas and methane production (68.37 and 36.92 l, respectively) was observed from MW pretreated KW along with NaOH 5N, with the shortest lag phase of 1.79  day, the max. rate of 2.38 l·day<sup>–1</sup> and ultimate biogas production of 69.8 l as the modified Gompertz equation predicted.

scholarly journals Assessment of multiple anaerobic co-digestions and related microbial community of molasses with rice alcohol wastewater

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sohail Khan ◽  
Fuzhi Lu ◽  
Qiong Jiang ◽  
Chengjian Jiang ◽  
Muhammad Kashif ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Cod Removal ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Microbial Community Analysis ◽  
Organic Loading Rate ◽  
Digestion Process ◽  
Archaeal Communities

Abstract Background Molasses is a highly dense and refined byproduct produced in the sugarcane industry, and it contains high amounts of degradable compounds. These compounds can potentially be converted into renewable products biologically. However, the involved biological process is negatively influenced by the high chemical oxygen demand (COD) of molasses and its high ion concentration, although this problem is commonly addressed by dilutions. Results The co-digestion of molasses with rice alcohol waste water (RAW) was compared with its mono-digestion at an increasing organic loading rate (OLR). Both processes were assessed by detecting the COD removal rate, the methane contents of biogas, and the structure and composition of microbial communities at different stages. Results showed that the co-digestion is stable up to a maximum OLR of 16 g COD L− 1d− 1. By contrast, after the acclimatization phase, the mono-digestion process was upset twice, which occurred at a maximum OLR of 9 and 10 g COD L− 1d− 1. The co-digestion procgess demonstrated consistency in terms of COD removal rates (86.36% ± 0.99–90.72% ± 0.63%) and methane contents (58.10% ± 1.12–64.47% ± 0.59%) compared with the mono-digestion process. Microbial community analysis showed that the relative abundance of bacterial and archaeal communities differs between the processes at different stages. However, in both processes, Propionibacteriaceae was the most abundant family in the bacterial communities, whereas Methanosaetaceae was abundant in the archaeal communities. Conclusion Rice alcohol wastewater could be a good co-substrate for anaerobic digestion of molasses. Integrate molasses into progressive biogas production at high OLR.

scholarly journals Biogas production from household solid waste-an alternative solid waste treatment for a communal scale

2019 ◽  
Vol 276 ◽  
pp. 06016
Author(s):  
Slamet Raharjo ◽  
Puti S. Komala ◽  
Adjar Pratoto
Keyword(s):  
Solid Waste ◽  
Current Practice ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Total Solid ◽  
Superior Performance ◽  
Kitchen Waste ◽  
Effective Microorganisms ◽  
Household Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste Treatment

Current practice in Indonesia shows that Household Solid Waste (HSW) is handled by transferring to landfill site. Meanwhile, around 68% of HSW is composed of biodegradable components, which has potential for biogas production. The current study compares some commercial activators including Green Phosko (GP7) and Effective microorganisms 4 (EM4) with homemade activator in 200 L anaerobic digester equipped with manual mixing for processing kitchen waste (KW). pH and ratio of solid waste to water were set at 8 and 1:2, respectively. Batch experiments show that digester #3 with homemade activator shows superior performance compared to commercial activators. Meanwhile, the digesters with commercial activators show better performance compared to digester control (without activator). Digester #3 produces 1.35 L CH4/kg total solid (TS) and 1.14 L CH4/kg volatile solid (VS). Current work suggests that the homemade activator has the most suitable methanogen bacterium compared to the commercial activators.

scholarly journals Anaerobic co-digestion of hatchery waste and wastewater to produce energy and biofertilizer - Batch phase

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 651-656 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana M. Matter ◽  
Mônica S. S. de M. Costa ◽  
Luiz A. de M. Costa ◽  
Dercio C. Pereira ◽  
Amarílis de Varennes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Recovery ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Average Concentration ◽  
Swine Wastewater ◽  
Batch Test ◽  
Potential Production ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Gas ◽  
Volatile Solids ◽  
Macro And Micronutrients

ABSTRACT Aiming to evaluate different wastewaters in the anaerobic co-digestion (ACoD) of hatchery wastes, a batch test was conducted in bench horizontal digesters. At the end of the process, the potential production of biogas and methane was calculated as well as the chemical composition (macro- and micronutrients) of the effluent and the concentrations of methane and carbon dioxide gas at 60 days. The monitoring of the process included observations of the reduction of the organic carbon, chemical oxygen demand, and total (TS) and volatile solids (VS), as well as the variation of pH and electrical conductivity (EC). The results showed that the mixing between the hatchery fresh waste and swine wastewater (T4) and among fresh hatchery waste, water from the first anaerobic pond of the hatchery and swine wastewater (T5) represent significant sources of renewable energy and thereby greater potential for biogas production (192.50 and 205.0 L biogas per kg of VS added to T4 and T5, respectively). The average concentration of methane in the biogas varied from 72 to 77% among the treatments. For all treatments, reductions were observed in TS and VS and increases in pH and EC. It was concluded that the energy recovery from hatchery wastes is favoured by the addition of swine wastewater in the ACoD process.

Experimental and Artificial Neural Network Modeling of a Upflow Anaerobic Contactor (UAC) for Biogas Production from Vinasse

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 1241-1254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ousman R. Dibaba ◽  
Sandip K. Lahiri ◽  
Stephan T’Jonck ◽  
Abhishek Dutta
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Artificial Neural Network ◽  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Organic Loading Rate ◽  
Neural Network Modeling ◽  
Artificial Neural

Abstract A pilot scale Upflow Anaerobic Contactor (UAC), based on upflow sludge blanket principle, was designed to treat vinasse waste obtained from beet molasses fermentation. An assessment of the anaerobic digestion of vinasse was carried out for the production of biogas as a source of energy. Average Organic loading rate (OLR) was around 7.5 gCOD/m3/day in steady state, increasing upto 8.1 gCOD/m3/day. The anaerobic digestion was conducted at mesophilic (30–37 °C) temperature and a stable operating condition was achieved after 81 days with average production of 65 % methane which corresponded to a maximum biogas production of 85 l/day. The optimal performance of UAC was obtained at 87 % COD removal, which corresponded to a hydraulic retention time of 16.67 days. The biogas production increased gradually with OLR, corresponding to a maximum 6.54 gCOD/m3/day (7.4 % increase from initial target). A coupled Artificial Neural Network-Differential Evolution (ANN-DE) methodology was formulated to predict chemical oxygen demand (COD), total suspended solids (TSS) and volatile fatty acids (VFA) of the effluent along with the biogas production. The method incorporated a DE approach for the efficient tuning of ANN meta-parameters such as number of nodes in hidden layer, input and output activation function and learning rate. The model prediction indicated that it can learn the nonlinear complex relationship between the parameters and able to predict the output of the contactor with reasonable accuracy. The utilization of the coupled ANN-DE model provided significant improvement to the study and helps to study the parametric effect of influential parameters on the reactor output.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document